Isobutyl nitrite

Structural formula
General
Surname	Isobutyl nitrite
other names	2-methylpropyl nitrite
Molecular formula	C 4 H 9 NO 2
Brief description	yellowish oily liquid
External identifiers / databases
EC number	208-819-7
ECHA InfoCard	100.008.018
PubChem	10958
Wikidata	Q1151479
properties
Molar mass	103.12 g mol −1
Physical state	liquid
density	0.87 g cm −3
boiling point	66-67 ° C
solubility	decomposes in water; soluble in DMSO, ethanol and acetone;
Refractive index	1.373 (20 ° C)
safety instructions
H and P phrases	H: 225-350-341-332-302
	P: 201-210-281-308 + 313
Toxicological data	410 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rat , oral ) ; 3.28 mg (l 4h) −1 ( LC 50 , rat , inh. ) ;
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C

Isobutyl nitrite is a chemical compound from the group of alkyl nitrites .

Extraction and presentation

Isobutyl nitrite can be obtained by reacting isobutyl alcohol , sodium nitrite and dilute sulfuric acid.

properties

Isobutyl nitrite is an oily, highly volatile and flammable, yellowish liquid that decomposes in water.

use

Isobutyl nitrite is used as a component in detergents. The connection is misused as a drug ( poppers ) and is sold in online shops such as B. offered as "video head cleaner", "leather cleaner" and "air freshener".

safety instructions

The vapors of isobutyl nitrite can form an explosive mixture with air ( flash point −21 ° C). Inhalation can lead to headaches and nausea, hypotension and even coma , methaemoglobinemia and haemolytic anemia . In animal experiments, isobutyl nitrite causes cancer and is suspected of negatively influencing AIDS diseases by damaging the immune system .

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Entry on isobutyl nitrite in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on February 1, 2016(JavaScript required) .
↑ Lawrence H. Keith, Douglas B. Walters: National Toxicology Program's Chemical Solubility Compendium . CRC Press, 1991, ISBN 978-0-87371-653-6 , pp. 244 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
↑ ^a ^b data sheet isobutyl nitrite, 95% from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on July 22, 2015 ( PDF ).
↑ Entry on isobutyl nitrite in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on August 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .
↑ Entry on isobutyl nitrite in the Hazardous Substances Data Bank , accessed on July 22, 2015.
↑ Matthias Bastigkeit: drugs a scientific manual . Govi-Verlag Eschborn, 2003, ISBN 978-3-7741-0979-7 , p. 205 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
↑ ^a ^b Karl Heinz Graefe, Werner K. Lutz, Heinz Bönisch: Dual series of pharmacology and toxicology . Georg Thieme Verlag, 2011, ISBN 978-3-13-169291-7 , p. 759 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
^ Richard Lawrence Miller: The Encyclopedia of Addictive Drugs . Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002, ISBN 978-0-313-31807-8 , pp. 324 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
^ Pawel Migula, TW Klein, S. Specter: Drugs of Abuse, Immunity, and AIDS . Springer Science & Business Media, 2012, ISBN 978-1-4615-2980-4 , p. 285 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[GESTIS-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Entry on isobutyl nitrite in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on February 1, 2016(JavaScript required) .

[Lawrence_H._Keith,_Douglas_B._Walters-2] Lawrence H. Keith, Douglas B. Walters: National Toxicology Program's Chemical Solubility Compendium . CRC Press, 1991, ISBN 978-0-87371-653-6 , pp. 244 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[Sigma-3] ta sheet isobutyl nitrite, 95% from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on July 22, 2015 ( PDF ).

[CLP_100.008.018-4] Entry on isobutyl nitrite in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on August 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .

[HSDB-5] Entry on isobutyl nitrite in the Hazardous Substances Data Bank , accessed on July 22, 2015.

[Matthias_Bastigkeit-6] Matthias Bastigkeit: drugs a scientific manual . Govi-Verlag Eschborn, 2003, ISBN 978-3-7741-0979-7 , p. 205 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[Karl_Heinz_Graefe,_Werner_K._Lutz,_Heinz_Bönisch-7] Karl Heinz Graefe, Werner K. Lutz, Heinz Bönisch: Dual series of pharmacology and toxicology . Georg Thieme Verlag, 2011, ISBN 978-3-13-169291-7 , p. 759 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[Richard_Lawrence_Miller-8] Richard Lawrence Miller: The Encyclopedia of Addictive Drugs . Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002, ISBN 978-0-313-31807-8 , pp. 324 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[Pawel_Migula,_T.W._Klein,_S._Specter-9] Pawel Migula, TW Klein, S. Specter: Drugs of Abuse, Immunity, and AIDS . Springer Science & Business Media, 2012, ISBN 978-1-4615-2980-4 , p. 285 ( limited preview in Google Book search).