Ivan Grigoryevich Bubnov

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Ivan Bubnow

Ivan Grigoryevich Bubnow ( Russian Иван Григорьевич Бубнов ; born January 18, 1872 in Nizhny Novgorod , † March 13, 1919 in Petrograd ) was a marine engineer and designer of submarines for the Imperial Russian Navy , most recently in the rank of major general in the naval engineer.

career

Bubnow was trained at the Naval Engineering School ( Морского инженерного училища ) in Kronstadt from 1887–1891 and then at the Nikolayev Naval Academy ( Николаевской морской академища ) in Saint Petersburg from 1891–1896 . He then worked at the Admiralty Shipyard in Saint Petersburg, where he a. a. was involved in the construction of the liner Poltava .

The dolphin

In 1900 he became chief assistant to Alexei Nikolayevich Krylov at the Admiralty's tow tank, which was inaugurated in 1894 , and on January 4, 1901, the Ministry of Navy appointed him head of a three-person commission charged with designing the first Russian naval submarine with a combustion engine . He and his two colleagues were transferred to the Baltic Shipyard in Saint Petersburg, where construction was to take place. On May 3, 1901, the commission submitted its plan to the Ministry of the Navy. The proposal was accepted in July and the Baltic Shipyard received an order to build the so-called torpedo boat No. 113, which was later named Дельфин ( Dolphin ), under Bubnow's direction. The boat ran 1902 from the pile and in 1903, after completion of the test runs, put the Russian Navy in service as the first submarine. The success persuaded the Navy to build more boats, and Bubnow was appointed head of the submarine construction commission formed for this purpose. According to his designs, a total of 32 submarines of the types Delfin , Kasatka ( Касатка , = orca, 6 boats, from 1904), Akula ( Акула , = shark, 1 boat, 1907), Minoga ( Минога , = lamprey , 1 boat, 1908)), Morsch ( Морж , = walrus, 3 boats, from 1911) and the bars built on it ( Барс , snow leopard, 20 boats, from 1913).

The Saint Petersburg Polytechnic Institute in 1902

From 1904 Bubnow was also a lecturer at the Polytechnic Institute, which opened in 1902 (Политехнический Институт императора Петра Великого) in Saint Petersburg, where he became a professor in 1909 and taught until 1913. In 1907 he received an officer license in the Navy. From 1908 and until 1914 he was, as the successor to AN Krylow, head of the committee for marine engineering and the test tank of the Admiralty. a. was also instrumental in the planning of the Gangut class , the first dreadnoughts built for the Russian Navy . From 1910 he was also an honorary professor at the Naval Academy.

After the heavy losses in the Russo-Japanese War in 1904/05, the rebuilding of a powerful fleet was a priority of the Tsarist government. She appealed to private donors to support the national effort, and within five years 17 million rubles have been donated to naval armament. This enabled him and the two engineers AN Krylow and Nikolai Nikolajewitsch Kuteïnikov to conduct intensive research in the field of materials science and engineering in shipbuilding . His work on materials technology in shipbuilding is still recognized today. In his structural mechanics of the ship , a description of the Bubnow-Galerkin method appeared for the first time, a method for the approximate solution of operator equations that is closely related to the Galerkin method and the Rayleigh-Ritz principle . He had already drawn attention to himself in 1902 with a work on the loading of the ship's hull under water pressure ( Напряжения в обшивке судов от давления воды ).

In 1912 Bubnow was promoted to major general in the Marine Engineering Corps. From 1912 to 1917 he was a consultant at the Baltic Shipyard in Saint Petersburg, where he was a member of a commission of experts involved in the development of a construction program for gunboats and tankers for the river fleet, and from September 1912 also at Noblessner in Reval , which just won the contract to build eight new submarines without a shipyard already in existence; it was only built in the spring of 1914.

Arrest and death

In 1916, Bubnow received approval for his plan to build 24 more submarines, but the October Revolution ended his career. In January 1918, on Lenin's orders, the construction of warships was stopped. Bubnov was arrested and several months in a labor camp near Novgorod interned . He owed his release to a chain of coincidences, but died of typhoid a few months later in Petrograd . He was buried there in the Smolensk cemetery .

Honors

Bubnow and the submarine Барс ; Russian postage stamp, 1993

Bubnow was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir , 4th and 3rd class (knight and commander), and the Order of St. Anna , 2nd class.

In 1993 he was honored with a postage stamp from the Russian Post .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The other two members were the lieutenant captain Mikhail Nikolajewitsch Beklemitschew and Iwan Semjonowitsch Gorjunow.
  2. ↑ The commission has been restructured and renamed repeatedly over the decades. In 1926 it was renamed to Technical Office No. 4, in 1932 to Central Design Office for Special (Underwater) Shipbuilding No. 2 and in 1937 to Central Design Office No. 18. In 1966 she received the designation Ленинградское проектно-монтажное Бюро "Рубин" (ЛПМБ "Рубин"). In 2003 it became the Central Design Office for Shipbuilding Technology Rubin, which was converted into an open joint stock company on November 18, 2008. ( Рубин (конструкторское бюро), on the Russian Wiki)
  3. ↑ Including in particular Строительная механика и теория упругости (structural mechanics and theory of elasticity) , 1906; Строительная механика корабля (Structural Mechanics of the Ship) , 2 vol., 1912–1914; and Об одном методе определения главных размеров проектируемого судна (A method of identifying the main dimensions of a planned ship) , 1916.
  4. ^ JN Reddy: Applied Functional Analysis and Variational Methods in Engineering. McGraw-Hill, 1986, ISBN 0070513481 .
  5. ↑ Robert W. Tolf: The Russian Rockefellers: The Saga of the Nobel Family and the Russian Oil Industry. Hoover Institution, Stanford, 1976, ISBN 0-8179-6581-5 , pp. 175-176
  6. ↑ NS Ermolaeva: On the so-called Leningrad Mathematical front ; in: Proceedings of the St. Petersburg Mathematical Society V (Leningradskoe matematicheskol obshchestvo), American Mathematical Society Translations, Series 2, Volume 193. AMS Bookstore, Providence, Rhode Island, 1999, ISBN 0-82181-390-0
personal data
SURNAME Bubnow, Ivan Grigoryevich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Бубнов, Иван Григорьевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian naval engineer and mathematician, major general
DATE OF BIRTH January 18, 1872
PLACE OF BIRTH Nizhny Novgorod
DATE OF DEATH March 13, 1919
Place of death Petrograd