Jacques Rueff

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Jacques Rueff, 1938.

Jacques Rueff (born August 23, 1896 in Paris , † April 23, 1978 ) was a French politician and economic and financial expert .

biography

As the son of a doctor , Jacques Rueff studied economics and mathematics at the École Polytechnique .

Rueff was in 1923 professor at the Institute for Statistics at the University of Paris (1923-1930), in 1933 he received a call at the École libre des sciences politiques (Free School of Political Science). He was finance minister in the Raymond Poincaré cabinet and later became prime minister. In the following years he also held a large number of offices with financial and monetary policy tasks in the French government as well as in the diplomatic service and the League of Nations. He played a decisive role in the League of Nations actions, through which the economic and financial conditions in Greece, Bulgaria and Portugal were rehabilitated in 1927/28.

After the Second World War, Rueff was a member of the United Nations Economic and Employment Committee. As an advisor in economic policy matters to the French commander in Germany, he rejected German reparations payments. In March 1947 he founded a. a. with Paul van Zeeland the European League for Economic Cooperation ( LECE ).

When the Fifth Republic was founded in 1958, he headed the Committee of Experts charged by General de Gaulle with the preparation and implementation of the economic recovery program, one of the most spectacular measures of which was the introduction of the “franc lourd” (new “fixed” franc) . From 1952 to 1958, Rueff was a judge at the Court of Justice of the European Coal and Steel Community , then until 1962 a judge at the Court of Justice of the European Communities . From 1962 to 1974 he was a member of the Economic and Social Council.

Rueff was the bearer of the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honor, a member of the Académie des sciences morales et politiques (Academy for Ethical and Political Sciences) and from 1962 of the Académie française .

Theoretical work

Rueff dedicated his first theoretical work to the scientific method “on morality” or “on the social” sciences that could be applied in economics . For the two biggest problems of the 20th century economic policy , unemployment and inflation , Rueff gave an early and accurate diagnosis . In order to make some successful improvements in national economic policy, he used this diagnosis to make his analysis valid to this day. In order to contribute to the European connection, he developed the moral or political philosophy of a "social market economy". Logically consistent, it should be a theory and consequently align with its requirements. Rueff taught statistics of political economy at the statistical institute of the University of Paris.

He reviewed hyperinflation in France , Italy , Germany , Poland and Austria during the First World War in 1925 . Rueff showed that the issuing of the money by the central bank was in any case the main cause of financing government budget deficits . Rueff was very committed to the creation of the “common market in Europe ” and to opening up to competition , which he is carrying out in collaboration with Louis Armand at the head of an ad hoc committee of experts. Jacques Rueff has always opposed Lord Keynes' ideas , which were too extreme for him.

Publications

Jacques Rueff is the author of several papers:

  • Des Sciences physiques aux sciences morales (1922)
  • Sur une theory de l'inflation (1925)
  • Les variations du chômage en Angleterre , Revue Politique et Parlementaire 32, December 1925, pp. 425–437.
  • Théorie des phénomènes monétaires (1927)
  • Les Idées de M. Keynes on the problem of transferts , Revue d'Économie Politique 42, June / July 1929, pp. 1067-1081; English version: Mr. Keynes' Views on the Transfer Problem , The Economic Journal 39, September 1929, pp. 388-399.
  • L'Assurance-chômage: cause du chômage permanent , Revue d'Économie Politique 45, March / April 1931, pp. 211-251
  • La Crise du capitalisme (1935)
  • L'Ordre social (1945); German edition : The social order translated by Gerhart Güttler, Bremen 1953, Eilers & Schünemann,
  • Reply to James Tobin 's comment , The Quarterly Journal of Economics 62, Nov. 1948, pp. 771-782.
  • Les Erreurs de la théorie générale de Lord Keynes , Revue d'Économie Politique 57, January / February 1947, pp. 5-33; English version: The Fallacies of Lord Keynes' General Theory , The Quarterly Journal of Economics 61, May 1947, pp. 353-367.
  • Épître aux dirigistes (1949)
  • La Régulation Monétaire et le Problem Institutionnel de la Monnaie (1953)
  • Souvenirs et réflexions sur l'âge de l'inflation , call for a conference at the center universitaire méditerranéen in Nice, February 13, 1956
  • Discours sur le credit (1961)
  • L'Âge de l'inflation (1964)
  • Discours de reception à l'Académie française (1965)
  • The lancinant problem of the balance of the paiements (1965)
  • Les Dieux et les rois (essai sur le pouvoir créateur) (1967)
  • Le Péché monétaire de l'Occident (1971) German edition : The monetary sins of the western world: the end of dollar hegemony, back to gold? translated by Jean Komaromi, Frankfurt am Main 1972, Knapp
  • Combats pour l'ordre financier (1972)
  • La Réforme du système monetaire international (1973)
  • La Création du monde (comédie-ballet en cinq journées) (1974)
  • La Fin de l'ère keynésienne , Le Monde from 19. and 20./21. February 1976. English version: The End of the Keynesian Era or When the Long Run Ran Out , Euromoney, April 1976, pp. 70-77.
  • The complete works of Rueff were edited by Emil-Maria Claassen and Georges Lane and appeared in four volumes by les éditions Plon (Paris):
    • Volume I: De l'Aube au Crépuscule (autobiography) , 1977.
    • Volume II: Théorie monétaire en deux livres, 1979.
    • Volume III: Politique économique en deux livres, 1979 et 1980.
    • Volume IV: L'Ordre Social , 1981.

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Short biography on the website of the ECJ [1]

  1. ↑ Portrait: Jacques Rueff: In love with gold . In: The time . No. 37/1965 ( online ).

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Rueff, Jacques
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French politician, economist and financial expert
DATE OF BIRTH August 23, 1896
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH April 23, 1978