Janusz Suchywilk

Janusz Suchywilk (* 1310 ; † April 5, 1382 in Znin ) was Chancellor of the Kingdom of Poland from 1357 and Archbishop of Gniezno from 1374 .

Janusz Suchywilk, depiction from the 16th century

Life

He was the nephew of the Archbishop of Gniezno Jarosław Bogoria .

He also entered the clergy. Like his uncle, he studied law in Bologna and obtained a doctorate in canon law.

After his return he worked in the royal chancellery. From 1336 on, the notarius Casimiri also held a canon position in Breslau . He was also canon in Krakow , where he rose to become cathedral dean .

In the civil service he became a close advisor to King Casimir III. So he was involved in the drafting of the king's statutes (statutes of Casimir the Great). According to recent research, he played a major role in the version for Greater Poland in particular .

He eventually became Vice Chancellor of Krakow, de facto Chancellor for all of Poland. At that time, from 1366, the rights of the chancellors in the individual countries of the Polish crown were restricted in favor of the headquarters. Around this time the term cancellarius poloniae became common.

He was also the leading figure on the supreme council. As such, he was a supporter of the Luxembourg party regarding a succession plan for the king. Although he was also the king's executor, Casimir refused to give him a say in this matter. Significantly involved in the establishment of the University of Krakow . He was also responsible for the organization of the royal salt mines.

After the king's death, he criticized the accession to the throne of Ludwig von Anjou . Instead, he unsuccessfully endorsed the appointment of the grandson of the late King Casimir von Stolp . After Ludwig was crowned king, Janusz Suchywilk was dismissed as chancellor. Instead he became Archbishop of Gniezno. He remained in opposition to the House of Anjou. He was still feuding the Duke of Mazovia in the last year of his life.

As archbishop he called two provincial synods or assemblies of bishops. The first took place in 1376. In addition to deliberations about a church tax demanded by the Pope, it was about the violation of church property by lay people. The second synod took place in 1378. There it was about King Ludwig's demand that the bishops should pay him the state tax. It was also about the taxes to the Pope, which are considered too high. A delegation from the synod achieved partial success with the king. The tax was not lifted, but the clergy were allowed to determine the amount of the tax themselves.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Jörg Erdmann: "Quod est in actis, non est in mundo". Papal benefit policy in the sacrum imperium of the 14th century, library of the German Historical Institute in Rome 113, Tübingen 2006 Appendix C2.13.1 (PDF; 67 kB), Appendix C2.13.2 ( Memento of the original from February 11, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info : The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 85 kB) 
2. ↑ Janusz Kurtyka: The reunited Kingdom of Poland under Ladislaus Ellenlang and Casimir the Great. In: Sources and Studies Vol. 14/2004 p. 132
3. ↑ Janusz Kurtyka: The reunited Kingdom of Poland under Ladislaus Ellenlang and Casimir the Great. In: Sources and Studies Vol. 14/2004 p. 124
4. ↑ Janusz Kurtyka: The reunited Kingdom of Poland under Ladislaus Ellenlang and Casimir the Great. In: Sources and Studies Vol. 14/2004 p. 123
5. ^ Peter Moraw: The high school in Krakow and the European university system around 1400. In: Ders. Collected contributions to German and European university history. Leiden, 2008 p. 189
6. ↑ Janusz Kurtyka: The reunited Kingdom of Poland under Ladislaus Ellenlang and Casimir the Great. In: Sources and Studies Vol. 14/2004 p. 123
7. ↑ Alexander von Bronikowski: The history of Poland. Vol. 1. Dresden, 1827 p. 118
8. ↑ Marek Derwich: synods and religious reform in the late medieval Poland. In: Nathalie Kruppa / Leszek Zygner (ed.): Particular synods in the late Middle Ages. Göttingen, 2006 p. 185

literature

• George J. Lerski : Historical dictionary of Poland. 966-1945. Greenwood Press, Westport CT et al. 1996, ISBN 0-313-26007-9 , p. 225.

predecessor	Office	successor
Jaroslaw Bogoria	Archbishop of Gniezno 1374–1382	Bodzeta from Kosowic