Jean-Baptiste Sarlandière

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Jean-Baptiste Sarlandière (born May 9, 1787 in Aachen , † July 25, 1838 in Enghien ) was a French military doctor and neurologist.

Life

Sarlandière was born in Aachen on May 9, 1787 . His father worked as a doctor at the military hospital of Rocroi . At the age of 16 he was employed as an assistant surgeon ("chirurgien sous-aide") in the hospital of Noirmoutier . He served in the army for eleven years (1803-1814). After his discharge in 1814, he began studying medicine in Paris and at the same time had a job as a "médecin attaché" in one of the Paris military hospitals (2nd division of Val-de-Grâce , located in the buildings of Montaigu ). On June 17, 1815, he received the doctorate. He was a collaborator and friend of the physiologist François Magendie , corresponding member of the Medical Societies of Leuven , Madrid , Wroclaw and Saint Petersburg , holder of the Prussian order Pour le Mérite first class and the French order of the Légion d'honneur . He died in Enghien on July 25, 1838 .

Moxibustion

Acupuncture doll. JB Sarlandière: Mémoire sur l'électropuncture [...] Ornés de figures japonaises . 1825

For the 56th volume of the Dictionnaire des sciences médicales printed in 1821 , Sarlandière wrote the article “Ustion” (“Burning”). Since 1815, he reported in it, he had used moxa wool made from mugwort for moxa treatment in the Montaigu hospital under the supervision of the chief physician Therrin . In doing so, he deviated from the standard of practice valid at the time, in which, promoted and practiced by the chiefs of the French military medical service, Pierre-François Percy and Dominique Jean Larrey , cannon fuses were used for moxibustion. These fuses were made from cotton soaked in saltpeter . As a reference for his moxibustion practice, which deviates from the valid French norm, Sarlandière cited medical manuscripts that the scholar and businessman Isaac Titsingh had brought with him from Japan several decades earlier. The German orientalist Heinrich Julius Klaproth made this available to him. Sarlandière saw the main advantage of his method in the significantly lower painfulness. He saw severe inflammation as a contraindication to moxibustion. In the case of slight inflammation, he treated revulsively, ie he let the moxa act gently and away from the diseased region. In the case of illness without inflammation, he treated derivative (dissipative), ie with strong warming directly at the location of the disease.

Bdellomètre - Mechanical bloodsucker

With the Parisian ophthalmologist Antoine-Pierre Demours (1762-1836), Sarlandière led a priority dispute over the invention of a device that allowed simultaneous cupping and scratching of the skin, so that bloody cupping was possible in one operation. He called this device "Bdellomètre" and recommended it as a mechanical replacement for leeches , which became scarce and expensive due to increasing demand.

Electropuncture

In 1825 Sarlandière published a treatise on " Electropuncture ", to which he attached two manuscripts from the estate of Isaac Titsingh . Again he led a priority dispute, this time with Jules Cloquet , whom he accused of having concealed the fact that he, Sarlandière, had already successfully treated a cataleptic with acupuncture in Montaigu (Vendée) in 1815 . At that time he had already had the idea that acupuncture could be combined with electrical treatment. Sarlandière said nothing about the fact that Louis Berlioz was already treating acupuncture in 1810 and that he suggested in his work of 1816 that the additional use of electricity could increase the effect of acupuncture.

Fonts

Musculature. JB Sarlandière: Anatomie méthodique ... Paris, 1829
  • Essai sur les effets des cosmétiques en usage chez les femmes. Thèse de médecine de Paris. Didot, Paris 1815. (digitized version)
  • Histoire d'un cataleptique, dont la maladie, qui a duré l'espace de six mois, a été observée à l'hôpital militaire de Montaigu. In Journ. de méd. de Leroux, t. XXXVI, p. 232, 1816.
  • Mémoire sur la circulation du sang, éclairée par la physiologie et la pathologie. Lu à l'Académie Royale des Sciences, dans sa séance du 9 aout, 1819. Cordier, Paris 1819. (digitized version )
  • Bdellomètre you Dr. Sarlandière. Didot, Paris 1819. (digitized version)
  • Eduard Graefe. Dr. Sarlandiere's description of a new bloodsucker; together with two copper plates. Reimer, Berlin 1820.
  • Vade-mecum ou guide du surgeons militaire. Gabon, Paris 1823.
  • Mémoire sur l'électropuncture, considérée comme moyen nouveau de traiter efficacement la goutte, les rhumatismes et les affections nerveuses, et sur l'emploi du Moxa japonais en France; suivis d'un Traité sur l'acupuncture et du Moxa, principaux curatifs chez les peuples de la Chine, de la Corée et du Japon. Ornés de figures japonaises. Lachevardiere fils, Paris 1825. Digitized
  • Anatomy méthodique ou organographie humaine, en tableaux synoptiques avec figures. A l'usage des universités. Paris 1829. (digitized version)
  • Physiologie de l'action musculaire appliquée aux arts d'imitation. Lachevardière, Paris 1830. (digitized version )
  • posthumously: Traité du système nerveux dans l'état actuel de la science. Paris 1840.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Amédée Dechambre . Dictionnaire encyclopédique des sciences médicales . Paris: Asselin & Masson, 1864-1869, 3rd sér., Volume 7, pp. 46–47 (digitized version )
  2. ^ Dictionnaire des sciences médicales . Panckoucke, Paris 1821, vol. 56, pp. 353-360: Jean-Baptiste Sarlandière. Article «Ustion». (Digitized version)
  3. ↑ Like all Europeans, Sarlandière never achieved the quality of Japanese products with its moxa. Compared to these, therefore, there was inevitably a stronger development of pain, but this was less than when cotton was used.
  4. ↑ Pierre-François Percy. Pyrotechnie chirurgicale-pratique, ou l'art d'appliquer le feu en chirurgie. Collignon, Metz 1794. (digitized version)
  5. ^ Dictionnaire des sciences médicales . Panckoucke, Paris 1819, vol. 34, pp. 474–492: Pierre-François Percy and Jean-Louis-Maurice Laurent (1784-1854, chief surgeon of the Navy). Article «Moxibustion». (Digitized version)
  6. ^ Dictionnaire des sciences médicales . Panckoucke, Paris 1819, Vol. 34, pp. 459-474: Dominique Jean Larrey. Article «Moxa». (Digitized version)
  7. ↑ Antoine-Jacques-Louis Jourdan had given a complete overview of the history and the then valid practice of heat treatment in France in 1816 in the 15th volume of the Dictionnaire des sciences médicales , pp. 87–158 under the title “Feu”. (Digitized version)
  8. ↑ A.-P. Demours. Sur une modification nouvelle de l'acupuncture. In: Journal complement. du dictionnaire des sciences médicales. 1819, Vol. 2, pp. 367-368. (Demours reports on his practice of placing a cupping head before and after acupuncture, i.e. of three work steps.)
  9. ↑ A.-P. Demours. Notice on l'acupuncture et sur une nouvelle espèce des ventouse armée des lancettes, inventée par A.-P. Demours, Médecin-Oculiste du Roi, Président du Cercle médical. In: Journal universel des sciences médicales. 1819, vol. 15, pp. 107-113. (Demours presents its device, which allows cupping with simultaneous bloodletting or with simultaneous acupuncture in one step.)
  10. ↑ Note sur l'Acupuncture, lue à la séance du 2 février 1819, par M. Demours, membre résidant, médecin-oculiste du Roi, etc., etc. In: Journal général de médecine, 1819, volume 66, p. 161 -165.
  11. ^ Sarlandière. Article “Ventouse” (“cupping glass”) in: Dictionnaire des sciences médicales Panckoucke, Paris 1821, Volume 57, pp. 174–189 (here: pp. 184–185). (Digitized version)
  12. ^ TW van Heiningen: Jean-Baptiste Sarlandière's Mechanical leeches (1817-1825): an early response in the Netherlands to a shortage of leeches. In: Medical history. Volume 53, Number 2, April 2009, pp. 253-270, PMID 19367348 , PMC 2668889 (free full text).
  13. ↑ W. Michel Zaitsu: interactions - to Traité de l'inédit acupuncture et du Moxa chez les Japonais in JB Sarlandières Mémoires sur l'Électro-Puncture (1825). In: German Journal for Acupuncture , Vol. 58 (4), 2015; Vol. 59 (3), 2016; Vol. 59 (4), 2016;
  14. ↑ Mémoire sur l'électropuncture… 1825, pp. I-IV.
  15. ↑ Louis Berlioz. Mémoire sur les maladies chroniques, les evacuations sanguines et l'acupuncture. Croullebois, Paris 1816, p. 311 (digitized version )
personal data
SURNAME Sarlandière, Jean-Baptiste
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French military doctor
DATE OF BIRTH May 9, 1787
PLACE OF BIRTH Aachen
DATE OF DEATH July 25, 1838
Place of death Enghien