Jean-Charles Alphand

Alfred Philippe Roll , portrait by Jean-Charles Alphand , Petit Palais

Jean-Charles Alphand (born October 26, 1817 in Grenoble , † December 6, 1891 in Paris ), also called Jean-Charles-Adolphe Alphand , was a French engineer of the "Ponts et Chaussées" (civil engineering), city ​​planner and Garden designer .

Life

He was instrumental in the revolutionary urban redevelopment of Paris , which was carried out at the request of Emperor Napoléon III. under the direction of Georges-Eugène Haussmann , then Prefect of the Seine department , between 1852 and 1870. Also involved in this project were the architect Gabriel Davioud , the engineer Eugène Belgrand (1810–1878) and the landscape architect Jean-Pierre Barillet-Deschamps (1824–1873). After Haussmann was relieved of his office at the beginning of 1870, Alphand was entrusted with the management of the work and was therefore able - with Belgrand's support - to continue Haussmann's work. After Belgrand's death (1878), he also took over the management of the "Service des Eaux" (offices of the waterworks).

Jean-Charles Alphand died in Paris in 1891, the same year as Baron Haussmann. His grave in the Père Lachaise cemetery in Paris is adorned with a bust (1891) of Jules-Félix Coutan (1848–1939).

He was honored by being awarded the Legion of Honor and by an impressive monument (1898) created by Jean-Camille Formigé and Aimé-Jules Dalou and placed on avenue Foch in Paris , in the Bois de Boulogne leads.

Selection of works

Aside from designing the squares, promenades, parks and city forests mentioned below, Alphand worked on the fortifications of Paris and on the preparatory work and implementation of the Paris World Expos of 1878 and 1889 .

Naumachie in Parc Monceau

• Bois de Boulogne , urban forest in Paris
• Bois de Vincennes (1857–1860), city forest in Paris
• Boulevard Richard-Lenoir (1857), planted promenade over the Canal Saint-Martin
• Jardin des Avenue des Champs-Élysées (1859), garden in Paris, which had already been decorated with various pavilions by Jakob Ignaz Hittorff in 1838
• Parc Monceau (1861), city park in Paris
• Avenue de l'Observatoire (1866), promenade in Paris
• Parc des Buttes-Chaumont (1866–1867), city park in Paris
• Square du Temple (1867), green square in Paris
• Parc Montsouris (1867–1878), city park in Paris
• Jardins du Trocadéro (1878), Botanical Gardens for the World Exhibition in Paris
• Square des Batignolles , 1862, park in the 17th arrondissement of Paris

• Fortifications Paris

literature

• Uwe Schneider: Alphand . In: General Artist Lexicon. The visual artists of all times and peoples. Supplement to Volume 1. Saur, Munich and Leipzig 2005, ISBN 3-598-22861-9 , p. 250.
• Pierre Pinon: Georges-Eugène Hausmann and Adolphe Alphand. In: Créateurs de jardins et de paysages en France de la Renaissance au XXIe siècle. Edited by Michel Racine. Volume 2. Actes Sud, Arles 2002, ISBN 2-7427-3721-9 , pp. 31-34.
• Denis Lambin: Alphand . In: The Oxford companion to gardens. Edited by Patrick Goode and Michael Lancaster. Oxford, New York 2001, ISBN 0-19-860440-8 , p. 11.

Web links

Commons : Jean-Charles Alphand  - collection of images, videos and audio files