Jean-Pierre Haigneré
| Jean-Pierre Haigneré | |
|---|---|
|
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| Country: |
 France
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| Organization: |
CNES / ESA
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| selected on | September 18, 1985 ( 2nd CNES group ) |
| Calls: | 2 space flights |
| Start of the first space flight: |
July 1, 1993 |
| Landing of the last space flight: |
August 28, 1999 |
| Time in space: | 209d 12h 25min |
| EVA inserts: | 1 |
| EVA total duration: | 6 h 19 min |
| retired on | May 2003 |
| Space flights | |
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Jean-Pierre Haigneré (born May 19, 1948 in Paris , France ) is a former French astronaut .
Life
Military career
From 1969 Haigneré studied at the college of the French Air Force in Salon-de-Provence , which he left in 1971 as a graduate engineer. He was then trained as a fighter pilot in Tours until 1973 .
Until 1980 he served as a pilot and squadron leader with the 13th Squadron in Colmar , where he was used on various types of Dassault Mirage .
In 1981 Haigneré attended the test pilot school MoD Boscombe Down , Great Britain , where he received the awards "Hawker Hunter" and "Patuxent Shield". He wrote his thesis on the whiz kid Hawker Siddeley Harrier .
Back in France he was responsible for the introduction of a version of the Mirage 2000 , as well as for flight demonstrations of the Dewoitine D.520 at the military airfield Brétigny-sur-Orge . In 1983 he was promoted to chief test pilot.
Haigneré flew over 100 different types of aircraft, he has licenses for commercial aircraft, helicopters and seaplanes.
Astronaut activity
Selection and preparation
In September 1985 Haigneré was selected by the French space agency CNES for the second French astronaut group.
He started his service on September 1, 1986. Initially he worked on the development of the European space glider project Hermes . He was also responsible for the development and introduction of the parabolic flight program "Caravelle Zéro G".
Me-Antares
In December 1990 Haigneré was selected as a substitute for the Franco-Soviet research flight Mir-Antares . Together with Michel Tognini , who was the first choice, Haigneré was prepared for this space flight from January 1991 in the Soviet Yuri Gagarin cosmonaut training center . The flight took place in July and August 1992.
Mir-Altair
Haigneré then became the first choice for the next Franco-Soviet mission, Mir-Altair , in October 1992. On November 1, 1992, he began training with his reservist Claudie André-Deshays . The examination took place on June 4, 1993 in front of the Grand Commission under the chairmanship of ex-cosmonaut Yuri Glaskow .
The Mir-Altair mission was launched on July 1, 1993 with the Soyuz TM-17 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan . On board were Commander Vasily Ziblijew and flight engineer Alexander Serebrov .
Two days later the spaceship docked with the Mir space station , in which the cosmonauts Gennady Manakov and Alexander Polstschuk were.
Haigneré devoted himself to the research program, which consisted of various experiments in life science, materials science and technology. On July 22nd, he returned to Earth with Manakov and Polestschuk in the Soyuz TM-16 spacecraft .
His first space flight had lasted 20 days, considerably longer than that of the guest cosmonauts from the Interkosmos program. Only Jean-Loup Chrétien had spent a longer stay on board the Mir in 1988.
From September 1995 Haigneré was responsible for space issues at the French embassy in Moscow. At the same time, he was the liaison between the Russian control center in Kaliningrad and the crew of the Mir during the Mir 95 and Mir-Cassiopée missions .
After his return he was responsible for the Airbus machine in France, which the CNES had acquired for parabolic flights . Haigneré received his license as an Airbus pilot in 1994.
Me-pegase
In December 1996, the CNES announced the crew for the next Franco-Russian research flight Mir-Pégase : Léopold Eyharts was nominated as a spaceman, while Jean-Pierre Haigneré was again the substitute. On January 12, 1997, the two began preparing for this mission in Star City, Russia. Eyharts took off for Mir space station on January 29, 1998 with Soyuz TM-27 and returned after 20 days with Soyuz TM-26 .
Me-Perseus
In June 1998 Haigneré officially moved to the European Astronaut Corps , but was released from the CNES 'ongoing mission.
Shortly before, he had been selected for the next Franco-Russian research mission, Mir-Perseus , which this time included a guest cosmonaut staying for several months. As for his first space flight, Claudie André-Deshays was assigned as a substitute.
The launch took place on February 20, 1999 with Soyuz TM-29 . Besides the Russian commander Viktor Afanassjew , Ivan Bella from Slovakia was a second guest cosmonaut on board. This was the first time a Soyuz spacecraft transported two foreigners.
Soyuz TM-29 docked two days later with the Mir space station, where Gennady Padalka and Sergei Avdejew were at the time. Padalka and Bella returned to Earth with Soyuz TM-28 , so that the new crew of the station consisted of Afanassjew, Avdejew and Haigneré.
In contrast to earlier missions with guest cosmonauts, Haigneré was not only a research cosmonaut, but a full flight engineer with far-reaching activities and responsibilities. Among other things, Haigneré carried out a space exit together with Afanassjew on April 16, 1999 .
At the time of this space flight, the future of Mir was still unclear. It was more than questionable whether the funds could be raised for another occupation. Haigneré and the two Russian cosmonauts thus prepared the space station for a longer unmanned period.
When Haigneré, Afanassjew and Avdejew landed on August 28, 1999, an era of almost ten years came to an end, during which there was always at least one astronaut in space.
With a flight duration of 188 days, Haigneré set a new long-term record for space travelers from guest nations, which has not been broken since. Haigneré's record for the longest total time (209 days) was broken by Thomas Reiter in August 2006.
After the active time
After this space flight, Haigneré became head of the ESA astronaut team . He held this office until November 1999.
Since then, he is a leading advisor to the ESA launch director for possible flights of Sojusrakete from the Guiana Space Center in Kourou in French Guiana .
On December 3, 2005, Haigneré founded the Astronaut Club Européen (ACE) together with Laurent Gathier from Dassault Aviation and Alain Dupas from CNES . The aim of this association is to promote European space tourism.
Honors
Haigneré is an officer of the Legion of Honor and Chevalier des Ordre national du Mérite . He wears the Médaille de l'Aéronautique , the Russian medal for “personal courage”, awarded by Russian President Boris Yeltsin . In 1994 he was awarded the "Grand Prix de l'Académie de Lutèce".
The asteroid (135268) Haigneré , which was discovered in September 2001, was named after his wife Claudie and him.
Private
Jean-Pierre Haigneré is married to the astronaut Claudie Haigneré for the second time and has three children, two of them from their first marriage.
See also
Web links and sources
- spacefacts.de: Short biography
- ESA: Biography of Jean-Pierre Haigneré (English)
- Biography of Jean-Pierre Haigneré (French)
- Astronaut Club Européen (French)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Haigneré, Jean-Pierre |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French spaceman |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 19, 1948 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Paris , France |