Jean Chazy

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Jean Chazy

Jean Chazy (born August 15, 1882 in Villefranche-sur-Saône , † March 9, 1955 in Paris ) was a French mathematician and astronomer .

Life

Chazy was the son of an industrialist and studied mathematics at the École normal supérieure in Paris, graduating from the Agrégation in 1905. He received his doctorate in 1910 ( Equations différentielles du troisième ordre et d'ordre supérieur dont l'intégrale générale a ses points critiques fixes ). In 1911 he became maître de conférences for mechanics in Grenoble and then in Lille . During the First World War he served in the artillery. After the war he was again a professor at the Faculté des Sciences de Lille (the later University of Lille ). At the same time he taught at the Institut industriel du Nord ( École Centrale de Lille ). From 1923 he was Maître de conférences at the École centrale des arts et manufactures in Paris (as well as an examiner at the École polytechnique) and from 1924 professor of mechanics and later for celestial mechanics at the Sorbonne . In 1953 he retired.

He dealt with celestial mechanics and especially the three-body problem and the perihelion of Mercury , which showed a small discrepancy to the classical celestial mechanical calculation, which was explained by Albert Einstein through the general theory of relativity.

Nonlinear differential equations, which he examined in 1909 and named after him, have connections to the soliton theory . With them he looked for Paul Painlevé's program that led to his Painlevé equations , expanding from differential equations of the second to the third order, but these no longer have the Painlevé property.

In 1937 he became a member of the Académie des Sciences (astronomy). He was also a member of the Romanian Academy of Sciences and a member of the Royal Belgian Academy of Sciences. In 1934 he was President of the French Mathematical Society, having previously been its secretary. Since 1952 he was also an official member of the Bureau des Longitudes . He was the commander of the Legion of Honor .

He was invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Toronto in 1924 (on the arrival of an alien star in the solar system, French) and in Bologna in 1928 (on Poisson's stability of the three-body problem, French).

Fonts

  • La théorie de la relativité et la mécanique céleste , Volume 1, 1928, Volume 2, 1930, Gauthier-Villars, Paris
  • Cours de mécanique rationnelle , 2 volumes, Gauthier-Villars 1933, new editions 1941/42, 1948, 1952
  • Mécanique céleste: equations canoniques et variation des constantes , Presses Universitaires de France, Coll. Euclide, Paris 1953

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personal data
SURNAME Chazy, Jean
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French mathematician and astronomer
DATE OF BIRTH August 15, 1882
PLACE OF BIRTH Villefranche-sur-Saône
DATE OF DEATH March 9, 1955
Place of death Paris