Jeanne de Valois
Jeanne de Valois (German: Johanna von Valois or Johanna von Frankreich ; * April 23, 1464 ; † February 4, 1505 in Bourges ) was the daughter of Louis XI. of France and his second wife Charlotte of Savoy . Some of their names and titles were Duchess of Orléans, Queen of France, Duchess of Berry, and finally St. Jeanne , Abbess of Bourges.
Life
Since Princess Johanna was unsightly and was considered to be incapable of childbearing, her father chose her as the wife of Ludwig, Duke of Valois-Orléans . On September 8, 1476 Johanna married the relative. This meant that the members of the Valois-Orléans branch line should be eliminated as possible competitors for the French crown in future, according to the will of the king. Nevertheless, the succession in favor of this branch line occurred as early as 1498 with the death of Johanna's brother Charles VIII , as the main line of the Valois family had thus expired in the male line . After the coronation as French King Louis XII. On May 27, 1498 in Reims, Joan's husband was also proclaimed King of Sicily, Apulia, Calabria and Naples, King of Jerusalem and Duke of Milan. As expected, the marriage with Johanna had remained childless. Therefore, Louis XII began. shortly after the death of his predecessor Charles VIII. first talks with Pope Alexander VI. to have his marriage annulled. This should pave the way to be able to marry Anne de Bretagne , the widow of his predecessor.
On August 10, 1498, Pope Alexander VI called. a commission of a cardinal and two bishops to annul the marriage between Joan of France and Louis XII. should consider. The papal commission, consisting of Fernando de Almeida o Coutinho (1493–1499) and Louis d'Amboise and Philip of Luxembourg, traveled to France and personally invited Johanna to examine her husband's concern. Ludwig swore before the commission that he had never consummated the marriage and that he had been forced to marry by his father. Johanna refused an examination of her intactness and finally complied with the decision of the commission or her husband's wishes. After 22 years, the marriage was declared null and void on December 17, 1498 in a process that was extremely humiliating for her, shortly after her husband had acceded to the throne as King Louis XII. But she received the Duchy of Berry with the associated title of Duchess as a severance payment .
Johanna retired to her castle in Bourges on March 15, 1499 and ruled her duchy. In 1501 she founded the contemplative order of the Annuntians or of the Ten Virtues of the Virgin Mary , which she also joined in 1504. After her profession , she took the name Gabriela Maria.
In 1743 Johanna was beatified by Pope Benedict XIV and on May 28, 1950 by Pope Pius XII. canonized .
literature
- Ferdinand Holböck: Led by Maria. Marian saints from all centuries of church history. Christiana Verlag, Stein am Rhein 1987, ISBN 3-7171-0892-1 , pp. 344-348.
- Wilhelm Schamoni : The true face of the saints. 5th edition. Christiana-Verlag et al., Stein am Rhein et al. 1975, ISBN 3-7171-0598-1 , pp. 138-139.
- Rainer Witt: Johanna von Valois. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 3, Bautz, Herzberg 1992, ISBN 3-88309-035-2 , Sp. 193-194.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Pierre Antoine Noël Bruno Daru, Friedrich Wilhelm Schubert: Geschichte der Bretagne , Volume 2, Seite 179. Leipzig 1832 , queried on December 16, 2011
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Anne de Bretagne |
Queen of France 1498 |
Anne de Bretagne |
| Domaine royal |
Duchess of Berry 1498–1505 |
Domaine royal |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Jeanne de Valois |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Joan of France |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Queen of France and Duchess of Orleans |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 23, 1464 |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 4, 1505 |
| Place of death | Bourges |