Jelena Dmitrievna Kvitnitskaya

Jelena Dmitrievna Kvitnitskaya

Jelena Dmitrievna Kvitnitskaya . born Jelena Dmitryevna Sucharewa , ( Russian Елена Дмитриевна Квитницкая , maiden name Russian Елена Дмитриевна Сухарева * 8. October 1919 in Moscow , † 5. July 1981 ibid) was a Soviet architect , art historian and university lecturer .

Life

Kwitnitskaja was the daughter of a doctor and a primary school teacher. Kwitnitskaya joined the drawing group at the Pushkin Museum in 1935 . She graduated from school in 1937 with a gold medal. She then studied at the Moscow Architecture Institute (MArchI), graduating in 1941 at the beginning of the German-Soviet War . She was first sent to the redoubt outside Moscow and then followed her family to the evacuation , where she worked in a group for the planning of bridges in the road construction organization Soyuzdorprojekt . She contracted pulmonary tuberculosis and was sent to a cure . At the end of 1942 she returned to Moscow and worked at the Central Research Institute for Industrial Construction (ZNIIPS) in the laboratory for stone structures under the direction of Lev Ivanovich Onishchik . In September 1946, she defended her candidate dissertation on stone arches and cylinder vaults as construction elements in construction in the past and antithesis. In February 1947 she received her doctorate as a candidate in technical sciences. In the summer of the same year she married RN Kwitnizki and took his name.

In August 1947, Kwitnitskaya was transferred to the Moscow Civil Engineering Institute and gave lectures at the chair for stone structures.

From 1948 she worked at the Institute of Architectural History and Theory of the Academy of Architecture of the USSR . In 1954 she became a member of the Union of Architects of the USSR. Despite her illness, she worked until her death, so that part of her work was only published after her death.

Kwitnitskaja's research focus was the architecture of Belarus . She studied the written and image materials in archives , museums and libraries as well as the respective locations in order to describe the no longer existing architectural monuments with their history in first publications. For the first time she examined the plans and developments of localities with the urban buildings, administrative buildings, centers, fortresses and church buildings. Her publications on the monasteries and churches created the scientific basis for studying the history of architecture and art of Belarus. She earned special merits through her first investigations into the United Church buildings and the architecture of the Jesuits in Belarus.

Kwitnitskaya was involved in the article on art history in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia and in the General History of Architecture in 12 Volumes, for which she wrote articles on the architecture of Belarus, Western Europe and Latin America . She was one of the authors of the encyclopedia on the art of the countries and peoples of the world.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Квітніцкая Алена Дзмітрыеўна . In: Энцыклапедыя літаратуры і мастацтва. Т. 3 . БелЭн, Minsk 1986, p. 31 .
2. ↑ Слюнькова И. Н .: Монастырское зодчество Беларуси (Тема диссертации и автореферата по ВАК 18.00.01, доктор архитектуры) . 2001 ( [1] [accessed April 18, 2020]).
3. ↑ Jerzy Paszenda SI: Livres récents sur le baroque en Pologne et de Russie Blanche . In: Archivum Historicum Societatis Iesu, Extractum e vol. LIII . Roma, Via dei Penitenzieri 20 1984, p. 513-516 .
4. ↑ Искусствознание. Большая советская энциклопедия. 3-е изд. Т.10, - М .: Советская энциклопедия. 1972 (accessed April 16, 2020).
5. ↑ Всеобщая история архитектуры в 12-ти томах (1964–1977). Издательство литературы по строительству. Москва (accessed April 16, 2020).
6. ↑ Краткая художественная энциклопедия. Искусство стран и народов мира. М .: Советская энциклопедия, 1962, т. 1. (accessed April 16, 2020).