Jesuats

Emblem of the Jesuats, drawing from “Insegne di varii prencipi et case illustri d'Italia e altre provincie”, Modena, 1605

The Gesuati of St. Jerome ( Clerici apostolici S. Hieronymi , religious symbol : CASH ) were one around 1360 by John Colombini founded (1304-1367) Catholic laity orden community for men. The female branch of the lay order, the Jesuits , was founded in 1367 by Colombini's cousin Katharina .

Jesuats

The Jesuats were founded as a free lay movement around 1360 by Giovanni Columbini and his friend Francesco Miani in Siena . They got their name from the opening and closing words of their sermons: "Long live Jesus, praised be Jesus". Originally, the brothers roamed the country in groups and were suspected of being related to the fraticels because of their way of life . After this suspicion could be dispelled, Pope Urban V confirmed the foundation in 1367 and asked the members to establish permanent establishments. The Pope also determined the future costume of the Jesuats: a white gown with a square hood, a gray-brown cloak and sandals. The rule of the order initially contained elements of the Benedictine and Franciscan rule , later they used the Augustinian rule . The community wanted to achieve salvation through prayer, mortifications and acts of charity, especially through nursing and burial of the dead . The friars earned special services in the care and care of those suffering from the plague . They were also called "aquavites" (Italian: Padri dell 'acquavita ) by the people because they served the sick with liqueurs they had prepared themselves. The community had around 40 branches in Italy and Toulouse . In 1668 Pope Clement IX raised. at the insistence of Venice on the male order.

Women of Jesus

The cooperative of the Jesuits, the Sisters of the Visitation of Mary , was also founded in Siena in 1367 to support the Jesuats. The founder of the community, which also turned to the sick and dying, was Columbini's cousin Katharina Colombini. The Jesuits existed in Italy until 1872.

Known members

• Bonaventura Cavalieri (1598–1647)

literature

• Georg Dufner: History of the Jesuats (Uomini e dottrine 21). Ed. di Storia e Letteratura, Roma 1975. No ISBN.
• Karl Suso Frank : Jesuats, Jesuatinnen . In: Walter Kasper (Ed.): Lexicon for Theology and Church . 3. Edition. tape 5 . Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1996.
• Werner Schulz:  Johannes Colombini. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 3, Bautz, Herzberg 1992, ISBN 3-88309-035-2 , Sp. 328-329.
• Horst-Peter Wolff (Ed.): Biographical lexicon for the history of care. “Who was who in nursing history.” Volume 3, Urban & Fischer, 2001, ISBN 3-437-26671-3 , pp. 78–79

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} The monthly mathematical calendar: Bonaventura Cavalieri (1598–1647) - from nurse to mathematician . ( Spektrum.de [accessed on October 16, 2018]).
2. ^ Jo Ann McNamara: Sisters in arms: Catholic nuns through two millennia. Harvard University Press, 1996, ISBN 0-674-80984-X , p. 257