Joannikios III.
Joannikios III. ( Greek Ιωαννίκιος Γ΄ , Serbian - Cyrillic Јоаникије III ), (* around 1700; 1793 in Heybeliada ) was Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Orthodox Patriarch from 1739 to 1746 and Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople from 1761 to 1763 . As a primus inter pares , he was the head of Orthodox Christianity .
Life
Ioannis Karatzas was born in 1700 into the influential Phanariotic noble family Caradja , whose origins can be found in the Byzantine Empire . He served as a deacon and protosingel under the Patriarch of Constantinople Paisios II.
When the Russo-Austrian Turkish War ended with the Peace of Belgrade in 1739 , this was also the end of the Habsburg Kingdom of Serbia (1718–1739) . The Sultan of the Ottoman Empire deposed the Serbian patriarch Arsenije IV, who sympathized with the Habsburg monarchy during the war, and appointed Joannikios as archbishop of Peć and Serbian patriarch in his place . Among the Serbs he was known as Joanikije (Јоаникије). His predecessor Arsenije IV. Emigrated to the Habsburg monarchy and with him many Serbs, which went down in the history of the Serbs as the second great emigration of the Serbs. Arsenije IV. Became Metropolitan of Karlovci , but still maintained close relations with the Serbs who remained in the Ottoman Empire, who were now under the jurisdiction of Joannikios. He held the office of Serbian Patriarch until 1746, but then had to sell the title to satisfy his creditors due to debts caused by his excessive lifestyle.
He returned to Constantinople / Istanbul and was appointed Metropolitan of Chalcedon in September 1747 . On March 26, 1761 he became Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople and held the office until May 21, 1763. After his deposition, he was exiled to a monastery on Holy Mount Athos .
With the support of his family, Joannikios returned from exile and came under the care of the monastery on the island of Heybeliada near Constantinople, where he died in 1793.
swell
- Aleksandar Fotić: Serbian Orthodox Church . In: Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire . Infobase Publishing, New York 2008, pp. 519-520.
- Dušan Kašić (Ed.): Serbian Orthodox Church: Its past and present , Volume 1. Serbian Orthodox Church, Belgrade 1965.
- Demetrius Kiminas: The Ecumenical Patriarchate: A History of Its Metropolitanates with Annotated Hierarch Catalogs . Wildside Press LLC, 2009.
- Мирко Мирковић: Правни положај и карактер Српске цркве под турском влашћу (1459–1766) . Завод за издавање уцбеника, Београд 1965.
- Paul Pavlovich: The History of the Serbian Orthodox Church . Serbian Heritage Books, 1989.
- Ђоко М. Слијепчевић: Историја Српске православне цркве (History of the Serbian Orthodox Church) , volume књ. 1. Искра, Минхен 1962.
- Сава Вуковић: Српски јерарси од деветог до двадесетог века (Serbian Hierarchs from the 9th to the 20th Century) . Евро, Београд 1996.
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| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Joannikios III. |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Ιωαννίκιος Γ΄ (Greek); Јоаникије III (Serbian); Karatas, Ioannis (maiden name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Orthodox Patriarch, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1700 |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1793 |
| Place of death | Heybeliada |