Jobst Anton from over
Jobst Anton von Hinüber (born August 11, 1718 in Hanover ; † January 15, 1784 ibid) was a German lawyer , postmaster , bailiff , road construction manager and an important agricultural reformer in the Electorate of Hanover . At his instigation, the Hinübersche Garden was laid out near Hanover as one of the earliest English landscape gardens in Germany.
Life
family
The von Hinüber family belonged to the so-called pretty families in the 18th and 19th centuries . Jobst Anton von Hinüber was the only son of the Oberpostkommissar Ernst Andreas von Hinüber (1693-1722) and his wife Catharina Margarete Voigt (1697-1758), who came from a senior official family.
Jobst Anton von Hinüber married Anna Justine Pape (1723-1812) in 1746 , daughter of the Oberpostkommissar Pape zu Hannover. Her five children included the Royal Hanoverian Hofrat Gerhard Friedrich Otto von Hinüber (1752–1815), the major and postmaster Christian Karl von Hinüber (1759–1825) and the Oberappellationsrat Adolf Burchard Friedrich von Hinüber (1769–1845).
Career
Jobst Anton von Hinüber was born on the Hinüberschen Posthof . After the early death of his father - Jobst Anton was less than 4 years old at the time - his mother provided “an excellent education for the time. … It is very likely that Jobst Anton received his schooling from private tutors . ”At the age of 16, he was one of the first to go to the University of Göttingen, which was still in its founding phase (consecutive matriculation number 174), and studied law there. There he made a lifelong friendship with the later Minister Johann Burchard von Behr and the “30 years older founder” of the university and later Prime Minister Gerlach Adolph von Münchhausen .
In early 1737 von Hinüber went to the Netherlands , where he completed his studies at the University of Leiden . He then went on a grand tour through the Netherlands, France and especially England , where - according to tradition - he first came into contact with the new architecture of English landscape gardens .
Back in his hometown, von Hinüber is said to have held the post of post commissioner and postmaster in Hanover, according to the first Hanoverian state calendar from 1737. However, since “the postal system in the Electorate of Hanover was nationalized in 1736”, von Hinüber only had limited room for maneuver. In 1746 he married.
On October 22, 1749 he was admitted to the Freemason Lodge Friedrich in Hanover; from 1753 to 1755 he was their master of the chair .
In 1760 he took the position of bailiff of the Marienwerder monastery near Hanover. In this position he implemented the experience he had gained in England and subsequently became one of the most important agricultural reformers in the Hanover region.
He redesigned the monastery property into an agricultural model estate and tried out modern agricultural equipment and cultivation techniques that he had seen in England. In 1764 Jobst Anton von Hinüber was a founding member of the - based on English models and at the request of Georg III. , Elector of Hanover and King of Great Britain, founded - Celler Landwirtschaftsgesellschaft , one of the most important in Germany. Legation Councilor von Hinüber also opened their first session.
As the first Hanoverian road construction director, he achieved that Georg III., "On May 4th 1764 most graciously deigned to approve 12,000 thalers from the same Cammer Revenuen for road construction", thus laying the basis for an engineering and centrally organized road construction in the Electorate of Hanover.
Hinübersche landscape gardens
On a second trip to England from 1766 to 1767, he visited various English landscape parks. After his return in 1774 he had a landscape park laid out in front of his town house at Hinüberschen Posthof in Hanover (in front of the Steintor , on Celler Straße, today destroyed).
Based on his experience abroad, he had the 40-hectare Hinüberschen garden at Marienwerder Abbey laid out in its main features . It was designed in the style of a Jardin Anglo-Chinois . The complex contained various staffage structures such as a “witch's tower” ( artificial ruin ), a Chinese pavilion and a grotto on the bank of the large pond, on which Venetian gondolas drove and in which an island of flowers was laid out. Von Hinüber also intended the harmonious unity of the landscaped landscape and agricultural use in the sense of a so-called ornamented farm . A visit to his garden is said to have been a must for educated guests of the Electorate of Hanover.
The Hinübersche Garden in Marienwerder was never redesigned after it was first laid out, so its basic structure has been preserved to this day. The buildings fell into disrepair, however, and the complex gradually overgrown. As part of the city as a garden project for the EXPO 2000 world exhibition , the park - with the exception of the lost buildings - was largely restored according to the historical model.
The Hinüberschen gardens are among the first landscape gardens in Germany; when they were built, they are on a par with the famous Wörlitzer Park or Goethe's Park on the Ilm in Weimar.
Hereditary vault across
Jobst Anton von Hinüber was buried "in the little hereditary vault behind the chapel of the St. Nikolaifriedhof ."
literature
- Hartmut von Hinüber: Jobst Anton von Hinüber - the creator of the English Garden in Hanover-Marienwerder. In: Hartmut von Hinüber, Peter Krüger, Siegfried Schildmacher: The Hinübersche Garden in Hanover-Marienwerder. A Masonic Garden , ed. from the Masonic lodge "Friedrich zum white horses" Hanover, Hanover 2011, self-published, pp. 6-19
- Michael Rohde: Park care plant Hinüberer Garten in Hanover-Marienwerder , Hanover, 1997.
- Michael Rohde (text), Silke Beck (ed.), Green Space Office of the State Capital Hanover (Hrsg.): Der Hinübersche Garten , Hanover: Green Space Office of the State Capital Hanover, 2000.
- Waldemar R. Röhrbein : ABOVE, Jobst Anton von. In: Hannoversches biographisches Lexikon , pp. 169f .; online through google books
- Oskar Ulrich: The Marienwerder monastery park. A contribution to the moral history of Lower Saxony in the Werther period. In: Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter, New Series, Volume 1, 1930/31, pp. 255–272
- Gerhard von Hinüber: Directory of the books of the deceased Hofrath von Hinüber zu Marienwerder: which, together with a considerable collection of charts ... are auctioned off to the public highest bidder ... , Hanover, 1817, [available in the Lower Saxony State and University Library Göttingen and University Library Tübingen]
- Letter to J. zu M. concerning the Chinese English Garden in Marienwerder, not far from Hanover , Hanover, 1777 [original (available as microfilm) available in the Lower Saxony State Library; also in the Bavarian State Library in Munich]
- Gothaisches genealogisches Taschenbuch der Briefadeligen houses, 1909, p.346f
Web links
- Jobst Anton von Hinüber: Journal about a trip to England , around 1760, No. 19: Description and sketches of the park at Hampstead Heath , Lower Saxony Main State Archives Hanover, Ms. O, No. 3
- History of the von Hinüber family: www.von-hinueber.org
Individual evidence
- ↑ Klaus Mlynek : Pretty families. In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 310.
- ↑ Michael Rohde, Dirk Altwig: Jobst Anton von Hinüber. In: The Hinübersche Garten , brochure of the City of Hanover, Green Area Office, Hanover: 2nd edition 2001, downloadable as a PDF document
- ↑ a b c d e f Hartmut von Hinüber: Jobst Anton von Hinüber - the creator ... (see literature)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Over, Jobst Anton von |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German lawyer, postmaster, bailiff and an important agricultural reformer in the Electorate of Hanover |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 11, 1718 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Hanover |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 15, 1784 |
| Place of death | Hanover |