Johann Albrecht Euler

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Johann Albrecht Euler

Johann Albrecht Euler (born November 27, 1734 in Saint Petersburg ; † September 17, 1800 ibid) was a Russian astronomer and mathematician of Swiss descent.

Seal of the Euler family

Life

Johann Albrecht Euler was the oldest of 13 children of the Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler and Katharina Gsell. In 1741 Johann Albrecht moved with his family from Saint Petersburg to Berlin , where he received his first science lessons from his father.

In autumn 1754 the Berlin Academy of Sciences accepted Euler as a full member. In the same year he received the prize of the Göttingen Society of Sciences. In 1758 he was entrusted with the management of the Berlin observatory . During this time Euler was able to complete his habilitation and in 1766 he went back to Russia and settled again in St. Petersburg.

The admission of Johann Albrecht to the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg was one of Leonhard Euler's conditions of transfer to the Empress, and in 1769 he was appointed permanent secretary of the academy. In addition, in 1776 Euler advanced to the position of educational director of the tsarist cadet corps. In 1799 he became a Russian State Councilor. Johann Albrecht Euler was a member of the academies of Berlin, Göttingen (since 1779), Munich, St. Petersburg, Stockholm, Vlissingen and Paris . He published several works, particularly on astronomy.

Johann Albrecht Euler died on September 17, 1800 in St. Petersburg at the age of almost 66.

His daughter Charlotte married the mathematician Jakob II Bernoulli , and another daughter, Albertine, married the mathematician Nikolaus Fuss .

Works

In his publications, in addition to his astronomical calculations, Euler also repeatedly addressed electricity and meteorology .

literature

  • Samuel Schüpbach-Guggenbühl: Euler, Johann Albrecht. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  • Paul Stäckel: Johann Albrecht Euler , in: Vierteljahresschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zürich 55 (1910), pp. 63–90 (with catalog raisonné)
  • Wilhelm Stieda: Johann Albrecht Euler in his letters, Leipzig 1932
  • Roger Jaquel: Les correspondances de Johann Albrecht Euler , in: Actes du 101e Congrès national des sociétés savantes (1976), pp. 69-78
  • Rudolf Mumenthaler : In the paradise of the learned. Swiss Scientists in the Tsarist Empire (1725–1917), Zurich 1996, pp. 149–199

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 78.
personal data
SURNAME Euler, Johann Albrecht
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Astronomer and mathematician
DATE OF BIRTH November 27, 1734
PLACE OF BIRTH St. Petersburg
DATE OF DEATH 17th September 1800
Place of death St. Petersburg