Johann Friedrich Sichelbein

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A picture of the oil painting cycle in the Frauenkirche
A fresco by Johann Friedrich in the Kreuzherrenkirche in Memmingen

Johann Friedrich Sichelbein (* 13. November 1648 in Memmingen , † 4. September 1719 ) was a German painter of the Baroque .

Life

Sichelbein was born as the son of the painter Johann Sichelbein (around 1625 to 1690) in Memmingen in Upper Swabia . He must have passed his journeyman examination in the spring of 1666. On his journeyman journey, he traveled to Rome, among other places. It was not until 1672 that Johann Friedrich was found in Memmingen again. At first he worked primarily for the Ottobeuren monastery and its Eldern pilgrimage church. His workshop was in his parents' house on Oberen Bachgasse . In 1674 he joined the Kramer guild and became an independent master. On March 1, 1675, he married Maria Barbara Schelhorn, who was just 20 years old. Because of this marriage, he rejected the idea of ​​returning to Italy. He had considered this because he hardly received any artistic commissions in the Protestant city of Memmingen in the first years of his work. This only changed in 1677 when the Ottobeuren monastery discovered him as an artist. When the Brotherhood of the Most Holy Altar Sacrament was founded in 1679 , Johann Friedrich was commissioned to copy an eight-part cycle about the miracle of the Host in Benningen. A short time later he had to copy it again for the Riedkapelle Zum Hochworthigen Gut . However, throughout his life he had to take on minor assignments - without artistic content - in order to maintain his high standard of living. From 1677 to 1695 he repeatedly worked on the wayside shrines for the Eldern pilgrimage church on behalf of the Ottobeuren monastery . From then on, he was often able to attract orders from the Ottobeuren monastery, and later orders from the Kreuzherrenkloster , the Buxheim Charterhouse and the city of Memmingen were added. Johann Friedrich was artistically active until the day of his death on September 4, 1719. The childless deceased was buried on September 6, 1719 in the cemetery outside the city gates. This marked the end of a tradition of the Memmingen School that had lasted for over 400 years . His wife continued to run the business for three years before she sold the estate through a lottery .

Johann Friedrich in literature

Sichelbein was listed under various names in older literature and in earlier artists' encyclopedias. Due to a research error (date of birth of the woman) there was a Johann Friedrich II in the General Lexicon of Fine Artists from Antiquity to the Present . The lexicon also knows a Johann Friedrich III., And a Johann Friedrich without further details. The publication of the biographies of some worthy men of Memmingen , in which fundamental mistakes had been made, was also responsible for these mistakes . It was Günther Bayer's book, The Sichelbein Painter Family, who provided the disentanglement and clarification here.

Works

Sichelbein's works are mostly still in the designated places in the churches. Commissions from Catholic monasteries and churches in the Memmingen area dominate the Protestant artist's oeuvre. It was not until 26 years after his return from his wandering that Sichelbein commissioned the first pictures for the Protestant churches in his home town of Memmingen. Mythological scenes and other secular images have not come down to us from him.

Selection of his works:

  • In the parish church of St. Peter and Paul in Benningen
    • Handing over the keys to Peter , 1680
    • The Assumption of Mary , 1680
    • Fall of Saul , 1680
    • Holy Tribe , 1680
    • Crucifixion of Christ , 1680
  • In the Ried Chapel in Benningen
    • Eight-part cycle of the Benninger Host Miracle , 1696
    • 15 procession poles (painted on both sides) of the Brotherhood for the Most Holy Sacrament of the Altar , around 1680
  • Parish Church of St. Martin in Boos
    • Guardian Angel Guiding a Child , 1713
The sacrifice of Isaac in the Buxach church
  • Trinity Church in Buxach
    • Sacrifice of Isaac , 1710
    • Walk to Emmaus , 1710
    • Gallery parapet , 1710
  • Charterhouse Buxheim , various pictures, including
    • Adoration of the Shepherds , 1692
    • Crucifixion of Christ , 1692/93
    • Various Saints, 1710–1713

literature

Older literature

  • Balthasar von Ehrhart: Historical description of the main Protestant parish church of St. Martin in Memmingen . Printed by C. Fischach, Memmingen 1846, p. 97–99 ( books.google.de - life data 1655 to September 4, 1726, died at the age of 71).
  • Sichelbein, Johann Friedrich (2) . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 30 : Scheffel – Siemerding . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1936, p. 585 .
  • Georg Kaspar Nagler: Sichelbein, Johann or Johann Friedrich . In: New general artist lexicon or news of the life and works of painters, sculptors, builders, copper engravers, form cutters, lithographers, draftsmen, medalists, ivory workers, ... 3rd edition. tape 18 . Schwarzenberg and Schumann, Leipzig 1936, p. 359 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ): “His son of the same name, b. zu Memmingen 1648 [...] died 1719 "

Newer literature

  • Günther Bayer: Memmingen in historical pictures. Representations and documents on the history of the imperial city from eight centuries . Verlag Memminger Zeitung, Memmingen 1983, ISBN 3-9800649-1-3 , p. 144-146 .
  • Günther Bayer: The Sichelbein family of painters. 1580-1758. Life pictures and works . Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 2003, ISBN 3-89870-142-5 , p. 33-41 and 63-67 .

Web links

Commons : Johann Friedrich Sichelbein  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Georg Kaspar Nagler: Sichelbein, Johann or Johann Friedrich . In: New general artist lexicon or news of the life and works of painters, sculptors, builders, copper engravers, form cutters, lithographers, draftsmen, medalists, ivory workers, ... 3rd edition. tape 18 . Schwarzenberg and Schumann, Leipzig 1936, p. 359 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  2. ↑ Sichelbein, Johann Friedrich (2) . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 30 : Scheffel – Siemerding . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1936, p. 585 .
  3. ↑ Benedikt Schelhorn: Joh. Friedr. Sickle bone . In: Biographies of some of Memmingen's men worthy of memory . Rehm, Memmingen 1811, p. 127–134 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10726920-5 ( reader.digitale-sammlungen.de - life data here 1655 to 1726, died at the age of 71).
  4. ↑ The sixfold sickle bone. all-in.de - das Allgäu online !, February 28, 2009, accessed on April 9, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Sichelbein, Johann Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Baroque painter
DATE OF BIRTH November 13, 1648
PLACE OF BIRTH Memmingen
DATE OF DEATH September 4, 1719
Place of death Memmingen