Johann Sengestake

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Johann Sengestake (also Hans Sengstake ) (* ~ 1480; † 1541 in Lübeck ) was a Lübeck salt merchant and councilor of the Wullenweverzeit .

Life

Nothing is known about Sengestake's youth. His family came from Lüneburg . Possibly it came from the rich merchant and sülfmeister Hinrik Sengestake , who stood out as a spokesman in the unrest of the Lüneburg Prelate War in 1454 and was appointed mayor by the rebellious citizens. This Hinrik Sengestake is mentioned as a new citizen in Lüneburg in 1417. He was related by marriage to the city's leading families. After the uprising was put down in 1456, he was arrested, his belongings confiscated and he was sentenced to pay a high fine of 3000 guilders, which he could not raise, which is why he remained in prison until 1463. In 1464 he lived outside of Lüneburg.

Johann Sengestake belonged to the brotherhood of the Holm- or Schonenfahrer . He traded in salt from Lüneburg and herring . He owned his house in Große Petersgrube 19 and several neighboring houses as well as a vitte in Skanör . In 1529 he was the executor for Berend Bomhover .

He was married to Geseke († 1532), who had the son Jürgen Benedicti († 1546) from their first marriage . He was a college friend of the later Lübeck reformer Andreas Wilms , with whom he enrolled at the University of Rostock at Easter 1514 . From 1518/19 he studied in Wittenberg , was one of Philipp Melanchthon's first pupils and from there brought the first Luther writings to Lübeck. Sengestake thus became the first multiplier of the Reformation in Lübeck. Benedicti was even recommended to the council by Nikolaus von Amsdorff in 1522 as an evangelical preacher, but after his return he worked as a beer brewer .

When protests against tax demands arose in 1525, Sengestake and his stepson were among those who combined the demand for more participation by citizens vis-à-vis the city council with a request for Protestant preachers. In order to express this demand, both were elected to a citizens' committee several times in the following years . In 1530, Sengestake was, alongside Jürgen Wullenwever, one of the spokesmen of the Committee of 64 that pushed through the Reformation and remained a kind of counter-government alongside the council. In 1530 Sengestake and Benedicti supported Johannes Bugenhagen in drawing up the church ordinance .

On February 21, 1533 Sengestake came together with Wullenwever in the second by-election by the citizens' committees in the council . In the summer of 1533 he was in command of the Lübeck fleet in the pirate feud against the Netherlands. Shortly before he left, he wrote a will. During the summer he stayed in Copenhagen with Jürgen Wullenwever , where he was involved in the negotiations there as the commander of the fleet. According to Fritz Grawert's report, Sengestake was involved in the destruction and looting of the St. Jürgen Chapel on October 14, 1534 .

St. Jürgen statue

After the defeat of the Lübeckers in the count feud , Sengestake resigned like everyone else from the committees to the council in 1535. Unlike several of his colleagues, Sengestake was not accused by Wullenwever when he was embarrassedly questioned in 1536 . So he could spend his last years undisturbed. In 1541, numerous ecclesiastical objects, especially textiles such as over 50 albums and stoles , were found in his estate and were given to the St. Anne's monastery . Among them was the statue of St. Jürgen by the carver Henning von der Heyde , which was brought back to the restored chapel.

literature

  • Emil Ferdinand Fehling : Lübeck Council Line , 1925 No. 638
  • Wilhelm Jannasch : History of the Reformation of Lübeck from the Petersablass to the Augsburg Reichstag 1515-1530 . Max Schmidt-Römhild publishing house, Lübeck 1958
  • Georg Waitz : Lübeck under Jürgen Wullenwever and European politics. 3 volumes, Berlin 1855–56

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Silke Springensguth: Death in the Tower. The role of personal and social relationships in conflicts of the Middle Ages using the example of the Lüneburg Prelate War (Diss. 2004) p. 40 (pdf accessed on September 12, 2013)
  2. ↑ Springensguth, pp. 286f
  3. ↑ This house belonged to him together with Hermann Stenkamp, ​​also a salt dealer and member of the citizens' committee (Archive of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck [1] (pdf, accessed on October 5, 2017))
  4. ↑ Helga Rossi: The Natie der Holmevarer zu Lübeck between 1520 and 1540 ; Kiel 1989
  5. ^ Wilhelm Ebel: Lübeck council judgments . Volume 3 1526-1550; # 158
  6. ↑ See the entry of Andreas Wilms' matriculation in the Rostock matriculation portal
  7. ↑ See the registration of Jürgen Benedicti in the Rostock matriculation portal
  8. ↑ Jannasch: Reformation History Lübeck , p. 90
  9. ↑ He is probably not identical with the vicar "Georg Senckstake from Hamburg" of the Hamburg Petrikirche , cited by Wilhelm Jensen: The Hamburg Church and its clergy since the Reformation , Hamburg 1958, vol. 1 p. 15 .
  10. ↑ Sengestake's testament from 1533 (finding aid from the Lübeck City Archives)
  11. ^ J. Warncke: The St. Jürgen Chapel in Lübeck and the Gothic carved altar found in it , in: Die christliche Kunst ; Monthly for all areas of Christian art and art history, 15th year (1918/19), p. 32
  12. ↑ Warncke, p. 33f; Alexandra Pietroch: St. Jürgen-Gruppe in: Jan Friedrich Richter (Ed.): Lübeck 1500 - Art Metropolis in the Baltic Sea Region , catalog, Imhoff, Petersberg 2015, p. 196–199 (No. 14)
personal data
SURNAME Sengestake, Johann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Sengstake, Hans
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Lübeck salt merchant and councilor of the Wullenweverzeit
DATE OF BIRTH 15th century
DATE OF DEATH 1541
Place of death Lübeck