Johanna Stegen
Johanna Katharina Elisabeth Stegen , from 1817 Johanna Hindersin (born January 11, 1793 in Lüneburg , † January 12, 1842 in Berlin ) was known as the hero girl of Lüneburg .
Life
Johanna Stegen was born as the daughter of Sülzvogte (salt boiler) Peter Daniel Stegen (1737–1804) from Barnstedt and his third wife, Sophia Rahel, born in 1790. Behrens (1754–1814) was born in Lüneburg's Sülzviertel.
During the Wars of Liberation , on April 2, 1813, there was a battle near Lüneburg between Napoleonic troops and the fusiliers and volunteer hunters of the 1st Pomeranian Infantry Regiment.
The prospect of the imminent liberation of Lüneburg by Prussian and Russian troops also prompted the city's residents to rise up against the French occupation. As a result, the French general Joseph Morand had to retreat from the city under heavy fire to a nearby hill, where a still intact battalion was in reserve. However, the further retreat towards Reppenstedt was blocked by Russian artillery. Therefore, Morand decided to return to the city and there to unite with a Saxon battalion, which had been cut off in the fight against the Prussians and Russians, as he believed that he could better deal with the Russian cavalry in built-up areas than in the open field.
When the Prussian regiment threatened to run out of ammunition in the course of the battle, Johanna Stegen supplied the soldiers with bullets and gunpowder ( paper cartridges ), which she picked up from an overturned ammunition wagon left behind by the French and carried in her apron. Through this act, which is said to have contributed significantly to the victory of the Prussian troops, she became known as the hero girl of Lüneburg .
However, it should be noted in this legend that Morand's troops were pursued by mounted Russian Cossacks and attacked in the rear, while at the same time he had to defend himself against the Prussian infantry and Lüneburg insurgents. Therefore, the French and Saxons finally had only surrender. Morand himself succumbed to his wounds three days later.
The French offered a head bonus at Johanna Stegen, but this did not lead to their capture.
In 1817 she married the Prussian sergeant Wilhelm Hindersin in Berlin, who later became royal chief printer in the war ministry .
Reception and honors
As a souvenir, a young woman is dressed up as Johanna Stegen every year, who cleans the monument in Lüneburg. She tells her story to whoever speaks to her.
Stegen was in national poems a. a. glorified as a heroine by Friedrich Rückert . Even today streets in Berlin-Steglitz and Lüneburg are named after her. Her grave in Cemetery II of the Sophiengemeinde Berlin is dedicated to the city of Berlin as an honorary grave .
See also
literature
- Fiction
- Ernst Arfken: Johanna Stegen, the heroine of Lüneburg. A historical story from Lüneburg's hardest time . Baumann, Leipzig 1905.
- Matthias Blazek: The Electorate of Hanover and the years of foreign rule 1803-1813 . ibidem, Stuttgart 2007, p. 67 f. ISBN 3-89821-777-9
- Karl Meyer-Jelmstorf: Johanna Stegen. Dramatic poem in four pictures from the time of the great wars of liberation . Rathmacher, Lüneburg 1913.
- Non-fiction
- Adolf Hofmeister: Stegen, Johanna . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 35, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1893, pp. 560-562.
- Hans Ferdinand Maßmann: April 2nd, 1813 and Johanna Stegen, the girl from Lüneburg: called to memory for the 50th anniversary celebration . Herold & Wahlstab, Lüneburg 1863
- Michael Peters: Stegen, Johanna. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 29, Bautz, Nordhausen 2008, ISBN 978-3-88309-452-6 , Sp. 1401-1404.
- Christine Wittrock : The girl from Lüneburg . In: Femininity Myths. The image of women in fascism and its precursors in the women's movement of the twenties . Frankfurt am Main 1983, pp. 282-292
- Johanna's story and her experiences in 1813 . In: Lüneburger Museumblätter , Heft 5, 1912, p. 73
Web links
- Johanna Stegen memorial at the bastion in Lüneburg (picture)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Baptism book St. Lamberti Lüneburg 1793, p. 325 No. 3, baptism on January 16, 1793
- ↑ welt.de
- ^ Adolf Hofmeister: Stegen, Johanna . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 35, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1893, pp. 560-562.
- ^ Friedrich Rückert: Johanna Stegen . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. rueckert-buecher.gesammelte-werke.org
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Stegen, Johanna |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Hindersin, Johanna; Hero girls of Lüneburg |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Prussian patriot |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 11, 1793 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Luneburg |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 12, 1842 |
| Place of death | Berlin |