John VI Martin
John VI Martin (* 1573 in Mellrichstadt ; † June 5, 1628 ) was abbot of the Benedictine monastery in Münsterschwarzach from 1613 to 1627 .
Münsterschwarzach before Johannes Martin
The central event of the 16th century was the beginning of the Reformation . It also divided the small principalities, especially in Franconia . Now the Catholic abbey had to live with its Protestant neighbors. At the same time, a large peasant uprising began, which culminated in the German Peasants' War in 1525 . In this conflict, the monastery was devastated by Stadtschwarzacher citizens and the archive was destroyed.
The reconstruction was completed by 1540, but the abbey never came to rest: In 1546 soldiers destroyed the monastery villages in the Schmalkaldic War . Abbot Leonhard Gnetzamer embezzled the monastery property in the fifties of the 16th century and was deposed by the convent. Only Johannes Burckhardt renewed the monastic discipline of the abbey in addition to the possessions.
Life
Early years
John VI Martin was born in Mellrichstadt, Lower Franconia , in 1573 . Very little is known about his family. Both were respected citizens of the city, the father worked as a hacker . Little is known in the sources about the training of young Johannes either. He completed a degree in logic, probably at the University of Würzburg , before entering the Benedictine abbey in Münsterschwarzach in 1590.
He took his vows a year later, in 1591. The young monk quickly rose to His Low orders he received on 21 September 1591 Subdeacon he was on 12 November 1593. This is followed by closed diaconate to which Martin acquired on 9 March 1596th Before that, in 1595, he had re-enrolled in order to devote himself even more intensively to his studies in Würzburg. Maybe he was learning theology now. On March 1, 1597, Johannes Martin was ordained a priest .
During his ordination he had already held offices in the monastery. Immediately after his ordination, he was Ludidirector and grammar teacher at the monastery’s own university. After April 20, 1598 he became prior in the monastery and recommended himself through this office for the successor to abbot. When Johannes Krug died in March 1613, an election was scheduled. Martin was able to win this on April 17, 1613.
As abbot
On June 7, 1613, the forty-year-old received confirmation. Benediziert was Martin on Monday, September 9, 1613. At his inauguration was the reign of Prince Bishop Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn in full bloom: Everywhere new Catholic churches were built and relentlessly pushed the recatholicization the region. Abbot Johannes exchanged several estates in Gaibach with the family of the prince-bishop for Nordheimer possessions. The wine village was now completely owned by the monastery.
In 1618 Johannes Martin had the church in Gerlachshausen renovated. The house of God received the typical “Echterspitzhelm”, which was named after the bishop. At the same time, however, the Thirty Years' War broke out throughout the Holy Roman Empire and led to the rapid decline of the monastery. Together with the so-called Little Ice Age, the war consumed the earnings of the monastic businesses.
However, the abbot had the Zehnthof in the newly preserved Nordheim expanded and decorated. Despite the war, the prelate continued to live in luxury, equipping the abbey only with a few cannons and wall reinforcements against the constantly moving Protestant armies. When the old abbot became constantly ill in 1627, open resistance broke out in the convent. The internal conflicts of the monastery brought the gentlemen, the Bishop of Würzburg, to intervene.
During November 1627, the Würzburg bishopric withdrew Johannes VI. Martin the abbot. The aged abbot was replaced by the abbot of the Würzburg Schottenkloster , Wilhelm Ogilbay, who officially headed Münsterschwarzach as coadjutor. Reform monks from Augsburg were brought to the monastery until November 16, and the later successor Johannes Kassian Speiser was appointed prior.
Johannes Martin died as an emeritus abbot on June 5, 1628.
coat of arms
John VI Martin was the fifth abbot whose personal coat of arms has come down to us. As a speaking coat of arms, it is based on the prelate's surname. Description : Saint Martin riding on horseback, sharing a cloak with the sword that a kneeling poor begs for. The heraldic coloring is unknown. In addition to a seal from 1620, the coat of arms can also be found on the Zehnthof in Nordheim am Main, which the abbot had renewed.
literature
- Kassius Hallinger: Chronology of the abbots of Münsterschwarzach a. M. (1390-1803) . In: Abtei Münsterschwarzach (Ed.): Abtei Münsterschwarzach. Works from their history . Münsterschwarzach 1938.
- Rainer Kengel: The coat of arms of the abbots of Münsterschwarzach . In: Abtei Münsterschwarzach (Ed.): Abtei Münsterschwarzach. Works from their history . Münsterschwarzach 1938.
- Johannes Mahr: Münsterschwarzach. 1200 years of a Franconian abbey . Münsterschwarzach 2002.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ See: Leo Trunk: The Abbots of Münsterschwarzach. P. 156 f. While most sources name the year 1628, Kassius Hallinger assumes a deposition in 1627.
- ^ Johannes Mahr: Münsterschwarzach. 1200 years of a Franconian abbey. P. 26.
- ↑ Kassius Hallinger: The chronology of the abbots of Münsterschwarzach. P. 105.
- ^ Johannes Mahr: Münsterschwarzach. 1200 years of a Franconian abbey. P. 29
- ↑ Kassius Hallinger: The chronology of the abbots of Münsterschwarzach. P. 106.
- ↑ Rainer Kengel: The coat of arms of the abbots of Münsterschwarzach. P. 147.
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Johannes V. pitcher |
Abbot of Münsterschwarzach 1613–1627 |
Johannes Kassian Speiser |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Martin, John VI. |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German Benedictine abbot |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1573 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Mellrichstadt |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 5, 1628 |