Johannisbrunnen (Wingst)
| Johannis Fountain | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| position | ||||
| Country or region | Wesermünder Geest ( Lower Saxony ) | |||
| Coordinates | 53 ° 43 '45 " N , 9 ° 3' 5" E | |||
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| geology | ||||
| Mountain range | Wingst | |||
| Exit type | dried up | |||
Coordinates: 53 ° 43 ′ 45 ″ N , 9 ° 3 ′ 5 ″ E
The Johannisbrunnen , sometimes also called Johannesbrunnen , is a former healing spring in the Wingst in the area of the municipality of the same name in the district of Cuxhaven . The source is first mentioned at the beginning of the 17th century. It dried up at the end of the 19th century and meanwhile there are no more structural indications. Like the original royal fir, the Johannisbrunnen was a historical landmark of the Wingst that was significant in its time .
position
The former Johannisbrunnen can only be seen today as a kettle-like depression in the forest floor as part of a dried-up stream bed running in an east-west direction. It is located about 300 m from the summit of the Silberberg , which is 74 m above sea level. NHN highest elevation of the Elbe-Weser triangle , on the south-western slope in about 50 m above sea level. NHN . In a travel description from 1894 there is a report of a dilapidated complex with remains of boards and a square hole on the slope of the Silberberg.
story
The first mention of the Johannisbrunnen can be found in a tract , published in 1613 by Pastor Christoph Rothbart, who was then resident in Altenbruch , in which he wrote:
“ That at the fountain on the Winckst in the Stifft Bremen as well as four possessed people were redeemed in 14 days by God's help and grace. "
In 1651 the fountain is mentioned by the main preacher Johann Michael Dilherr to St. Sebald in Nuremberg as a " miracle fountain in which, with God's help and grace, not only all sorts of sick people, but those possessed by Satan have recovered ".
Nicolaus Bähr (born July 11, 1639 in Oppeln , † August 2, 1714 in Bremen ), who comes from the Wingster district of Opole , describes the Johannisbrunnen in his work Gott-Heilige Brunnen-Devacht from 1705 in the following Poem:
–––
The fountain in the Duchy / the one in the Wingst /
Has long since penetrated many countries with its fame /
It is a sweet
fountain where a blind man wakes up in the hot summer time.
The sermon / which he had taken 'in the bass pool / which he
repeated there / to his piousness / without
offense he delivered it / and from word to word / complete
disposition, at this well-place.
From Holland / Engeland / there came patients /
To need the cure, the water elements /
The cripples left their crutches at the well /
When they could leave healthy and fresh.–––
In further evidence there is the indication that the Gesundbrunnen especially on locust days was visited since the water then most was "kräfftig" and particularly "fresh sweet taste" have, but also that he did during the 18th century was increasingly less visited and practically came to a standstill. Only at the beginning of 1791 was it discovered again for a short time as a health well through a rumor of a cure, which fell asleep again in the same spring.
After the original Johannisbrunnen dried up in the second half of the 19th century, a new spring was created 450 m southwest of it. It served as a water source for the former Heidekrug inn, built around 1839, about 100 m away. Around 1900, the then innkeeper of the Heidekrug took over the name Johannisbrunnen for his spring, probably to stimulate his business. This well has also dried up in the meantime and the well house has fallen into disrepair. Only the original source is now referred to as the Johannisbrunnen.
Drying up of the source
The following information is based on the extensive documentation Why did the Johannisbrunnen in the Wingst run dry? Using many sources from the Wingster home nurse Ingelore Borchers.
By comparing several sources, one can assume that the Johannisbrunnen dried up between 1860 and 1870.
Many theories have been cited as the cause of the drying up in the past. A storm surge in 1825 or a seaquake in the North Sea in 1848, which was probably confused with the Atlantic tsunami of 1858, were considered to be the causes for the drying up . The reforestation of the Wingst from 1846 onwards was also suspected to be the cause. However, these theories were all discarded because they were either implausible in terms of time or cause.
On the other hand, it seemed plausible that the various drainage measures in the area were the cause of the lowering of the groundwater level and thus ultimately the drying up of the Johannisbrunnen. In a temporal context, the construction of the Neuhaus-Bülkau Canal between 1852 and 1853 should be mentioned in particular . It was one of the biggest interventions in the water balance. You can also see that after the construction of the canal, the streams that previously drained the Wingster ridge to the west also dried up, as the water seeped away faster due to the lowered groundwater level.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ingelore Borchers: Why did the Johannisbrunnen in the Wingst run dry? In: Yearbook of the Men of the Morning Star . tape 92/93 (2013/2014) . Bremerhaven 2015, ISBN 978-3-931771-92-8 , pp. 246 .
- ^ Franz Buchenau: The Wingst . In: Treatises of the Natural Science Association in Bremen . tape 1897-1898 , no. 15 , p. 175–181 , Zoological-Botanical Database ( zobodat.at [PDF; 857 kB] [accessed on November 17, 2021] printed in the Weser newspaper on July 6 and 7, 1894).
- ↑ a b Ingelore Borchers: Why did the Johannisbrunnen in the Wingst run dry? In: Yearbook of the Men of the Morning Star . tape 92/93 (2013/2014) . Bremerhaven 2015, ISBN 978-3-931771-92-8 , pp. 243 ff .
- ^ Nicolaus Bähr: Fontanalia Sacra . God-sanctified well-devotion. Johann Wesseln, Bremen 1705, p. 19-20 ( google.de [PDF; 4.4 MB ; accessed on November 21, 2021]).
- ↑ Ingelore Borchers: Why did the Johannisbrunnen in the Wingst run dry? In: Yearbook of the Men of the Morning Star . tape 92/93 (2013/2014) . Bremerhaven 2015, ISBN 978-3-931771-92-8 , Der Heidekrug-Brunnen, p. 252 ff .
- ↑ Ingelore Borchers: Why did the Johannisbrunnen in the Wingst run dry? In: Yearbook of the Men of the Morning Star . tape 92/93 (2013/2014) . Bremerhaven 2015, ISBN 978-3-931771-92-8 , pp. 244-256 .
- ↑ Ingelore Borchers: Why did the Johannisbrunnen in the Wingst run dry? In: Yearbook of the Men of the Morning Star . tape 92/93 (2013/2014) . Bremerhaven 2015, ISBN 978-3-931771-92-8 , hydrological changes, p. 251 .