John Hammond (physiologist)

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Sir John Hammond , CBE FRS PhD (born February 23, 1889 in Norfolk , † August 25, 1964 in Cambridge ) was an English physiologist and animal breeding scientist.

Live and act

He was born the son of a farmer in the English county of Norfolk . After attending Gresham's School in Holt and Edward VI Middle School in Norwich , he tried in vain for admission to the Royal Veterinary College in 1907 and was then advised to study agricultural sciences instead. Hammond then enrolled at Downing College at Cambridge University , where he first studied the natural sciences until 1909, before graduating in 1910 with a degree in agricultural sciences. After a brief period teaching at the Technical Institute in Chelmsford , he returned to Cambridge. His teachers included Francis HA Marshall in the field of reproductive physiology and G. Smith in the field of bacteriology . He graduated with an MA and in 1912 also received a diploma in public health bacteriology . This was followed by an assistantship with Francis HA Marshall in Cambridge in the field of farm animal physiology. From 1914 to 1919 Hammond did his military service in the British Army. From 1920 to 1942 he was a physiologist at the Institute of Animal Nutrition at Cambridge University, focusing primarily on issues relating to fertility, milk secretion and growth in farm animals.

In 1943 he became a lecturer in agricultural physiology and head of the department of farm animal physiology at Cambridge University. He was concerned with questions of general animal breeding as well as the reproduction of the important farm animal species. He became a co-founder of artificial insemination (KB). To do this, he used the results of practical experiments in this area in the Soviet Union and Argentina, because there was considerable resistance to this new method in Great Britain for religious and cultural reasons. He was retired in 1954, but remained a sought-after consultant and scientific expert.

Hammond knew how to use the findings of basic biological research to develop proposals for practical application in animal breeding. He was an excellent teacher for many students and young scientists (in postgraduate training). He has received numerous awards and honors for his achievements.

Main work (selection)

  • Anatomical and histological changes during the sexual cycle in the mare. With Kazimierz Wodzicki
  • Artificial insemination of cattle. Cambridge, 1947
  • Handbook of Animal Breeding, Vol. 1: Biological Basics of Animal Performance, ed. by John Hammond and Ivar Johannson, Hamburg: Parey, 1958; Vol. 2: Pet Genetics, 1959; Vol. 3: Racial Studies in Two Parts, 1961
  • Farm animals: growth, breeding, heredity. A textbook for zootechnical practice. Translated into German by Wolf Herre; Hamburg & Berlin: Parey, 1962, 227 p. M. 199 Fig.

Awards

literature

  • Harold G. Sanders: Sir John Hammond, CBE, FRS (February 23, 1889 - August 25, 1964). Obituary notice in Brit. J. Nutr. (1965), 19, 149
  • Anonymous: Sir John Hammond has died. In: Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift , 77, 1964, p. 462
  • Biogram in the Vet.med. Library of the Free University of Berlin
  • Joseph Edwards: Hammond, Sir John (1889–1964). In: Henry Colin Gray Matthew, Brian Harrison (Eds.): Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , from the earliest times to the year 2000 (ODNB). Oxford University Press, Oxford 2004, ISBN 0-19-861411-X , ( oxforddnb.com license required ), as of November 27, 2014

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Previous holders of the Hermann von Nathusius Medal of the DGfZ
  2. ^ Previous recipients of the Sir John Hammond Award
personal data
SURNAME Hammond, John
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hammond, John Sir
BRIEF DESCRIPTION English physiologist and animal breeding scientist
DATE OF BIRTH February 23, 1889
PLACE OF BIRTH Norfolk
DATE OF DEATH August 25, 1964
Place of death Cambridge