José del Castillo Nicolau

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José del Castillo Nicolau , or José del Castillo for short (born December 25, 1920 in Salamanca , Spain ; died August 21, 2002 in Luquillo , Puerto Rico ) was a Spanish neurobio- and physiologist .

Life

Del Castillo graduated from the University of Salamanca with a degree in medicine in 1945 . He published his first scientific work in 1941; for example about the effects of indole compounds on intestinal activity or the neuroanatomy of the axillary nerve . He received his doctorate in medicine from Complutense University in Madrid in 1947 and a doctorate in physiology from Middlesex Hospital Medical School in London in 1948 . During this time he investigated the physiological effects of so-called war gases ( neurotoxins from synthesized organophosphates ) and published the results in 1947 in the journal Nature .

From 1948 to 1950 he studied with Sir Charles Lovatt Evans at University College London and with Professor Alexander von Muralt at the University of Bern . There he researched individual nerve fibers and discovered the blocking effect of metal ions on nerve conduction , the findings were published in the journal Nature in 1951. As a lecturer, he stayed in the Department of Physiology and Biophysics and lecturer in Switzerland until 1953. He then worked with Paul Fatt and Ricardo Miledi as a research assistant to Professor Bernard Katz and a lecturer in the Department of Biophysics at University College. From 1950 to 1956 he was involved in the research that deciphered the mechanism of synaptic transmission or synaptic vesicle fusion and brought Professor Katz the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1970 .

As a visiting professor of physiology, he worked from 1956 to 1957 at the State University of New York . Then from 1957 to 1959 he was chairman of the clinical neurophysiology at the National Institute for Neurological Diseases and Blindness of the National Institutes of Health . Eventually he was appointed Associate Professor of Pharmacology at the University of Puerto Rico (UPR) in San Juan . There he headed the Department of Pharmacology from 1960 to 1967 and was Director of the Laboratory for Neurobiology from 1967 to 1987, finally becoming Distinguished Professor (Senior Professor) of the School of Medicine at the University of Puerto Rico in 1987.

Awards

  • 1961–1990: NIH Research Career Award from the National Institutes of Health of the United States (honor for a scientific career).
  • 1987: Doctor of Medicine Honoris Causa from the University of the Caribbean, Puerto Rico.
  • 1984: Doctor Honoris Causa from the University of Salamanca (retrospectively recognized in 1992).
  • 1992: Premio Castilla y León de Investigación Científica y Técnica - Spanish research award.

Works (selection)

Del Castillo published more than 150 papers in specialist publications from 1941 to 1997.

  • Contribución al estudio de la transmission central de los reflejos . Ed .: Complutense University - Faculty of Medicine. Madrid 1948, OCLC 1025030593 (PhD thesis).
  • José del Castillo Nicolau: Contribución a la farmacología de la lobelina . In: Trabajos del Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas . tape XII . Instituto de Medicina Experimental Real Academia Nacional de Medicina, Madrid 1948, OCLC 976355985 , p. 387 .
  • Siete lecciones sobre metabolismo . Seu, Salamanca 1950, OCLC 645175244 (Spanish).
  • The effect of calcium ions on the motor end-plate potentials . In: The Journal of Physiology . tape 116 , no. 4 , April 28, 1952, pp. 507-515 , PMID 14946716 , PMC 1392217 (free full text) - (with Lawrence Stark).
  • Quantal components of the end-plate potential . In: The Journal of Physiology . tape 124 , no. 3 , 1954, pp. 560-573 , PMID 13175199 , PMC 1366292 (free full text) - (with Bernard Katz).
  • Biophysical aspects of neuro-muscular transmission . In: Progress in Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry . tape 6 , 1956, ISSN  0096-4174 , pp. 121-170 , PMID 13420190 (with Bernard Katz).
  • Membrane Currents in Clamped Vertebrate Nerves . In: Nature . tape 180 , no. 4597 , December 7, 1957, p. 1290–1291 , doi : 10.1038 / 1801290a0 ( nature.com - with JY Lettvin, WS McCulloch, W. Pitts).
  • On increasing the velocity of a nerve impulse . In: The Journal of Physiology . tape 148 , no. 3 , 1959, pp. 665-670 , PMID 13815521 , PMC 1363137 (free full text) - (with JW Moore).

literature

  • Cecilio Rafael Font: In memoriam - José Del Castillo, neurophysiologist (1920–2002) . In: Boletin De La Asociacion Medica De Puerto Rico . tape 95 , no. 3 (May – June), 2003, ISSN  0004-4849 , pp. 52-55 , PMID 14584458 (English).
  • Steven J. Zottoli: How the early voltage clamp studies of José del Castillo inform “modern” neuroscience . In: The Neuroscientist : A Review Journal Bringing Neurobiology, Neurology and Psychiatry . tape 18 , no. 5 , 2012, ISSN  1089-4098 , p. 415-421 , doi : 10.1177 / 1073858412446971 , PMID 22653696 .
  • GJ Augustine: Katz, Bernard . In: Robert B. Daroff, Michael J. Aminoff (Eds.): Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences . Academic Press, Elsevier Science, Burlington 2014, ISBN 978-0-12-385158-1 , pp. 785 ( books.google.de ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ En Memoria de Jose del Castillo (1920–2002). In: upr.edu. Institute of Neurobiology, accessed June 11, 2018 (Spanish).
  2. ^ Institute of Neurobiology. neuro.upr.edu, accessed June 11, 2018 .
  3. ↑ Doctorados Honoris Causa - José del Castillo Nicolau 17-X-1984th In: usal.es. Universidad de Salamanca, accessed June 11, 2018 (Spanish).
  4. ^ Premio Castilla y León de Investigación Científica y Técnica 1991. jcyl.es, accessed on June 11, 2018 (Spanish).
personal data
SURNAME Castillo Nicolau, José del
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Castillo, José del
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Spanish neurobiologist and neurophysiologist
DATE OF BIRTH December 25, 1920
PLACE OF BIRTH Salamanca , Spain
DATE OF DEATH August 21, 2002
Place of death Luquillo , Puerto Rico