Josef Gruntzel

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Josef Gruntzel (born October 20, 1866 in Alt-Paka ; † November 21, 1934 in Vienna ; also Josef Grunzel , Joseph Gruntzel and Joseph Grunzel ) was an Austrian economist .

Life

Josef Gruntzel graduated from high school in 1885 and began to study political science and oriental studies at the University of Vienna in the same year . In 1886 he switched to the Collège de France and the Ecole des langues orientales vivantes in Paris . Then he attended the seminar for oriental languages at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität in Berlin . At Vienna University doctorate , he finally in 1888 to doctor of philosophy and shortly thereafter in Jus .

Gruntzel's first scientific work appeared in 1888. At the beginning of his career he worked as a linguist and dealt with the Altaic languages . This remained an episode, as did his attempt as a playwright , who wrote a social drama called Storm Surge, about a workers' uprising. Josef Gruntzel finally found his calling in economics. As a journalist, he devoted himself to practice-oriented economic policy as well as to finance and the methodology of economics .

From 1890 he worked for the Austrian State Trade Museum as a librarian and editor of the official consular reports and from 1891 additionally as secretary of the Central Association of Austrian Industrialists . For five years he worked as a technical reporter for the Trade Museum in the Ottoman Empire , Egypt , Greece and Spain . In 1908 Gruntzel became a full professor of economics at the Vienna Export Academy, a predecessor of the Vienna University of Economics and Business . He campaigned for the expansion of the export academy to become a university for world trade, which he then headed from 1921 to 1923, from 1925 to 1927 and from 1931 to 1932 as rector . He positioned himself against the anti-Semitic activists of the German student body and tried to protect threatened Jewish students.

Josef Gruntzel had been married to Rosa Gruntzel since 1898 and was widowed at last. He had two daughters and a son. He died at the age of 68 after a brief serious illness and was buried in Vienna's central cemetery.

Fonts

  • The vocal harmony of the Altaic languages . Tempsky, Vienna 1888.
  • On the phonetics of the Altaic languages . Dissertation. University of Vienna, Vienna 1889.
  • China's commercial development over the past 25 years . Friedrich, Leipzig 1891.
  • Trade relations between Austria and Hungary and the Balkan countries . A. Dorn, Vienna 1892.
  • Draft of a comparative grammar of the Altaic languages ​​together with a comparative dictionary . Altmann, Leipzig 1894.
  • Storm surge. Drama in five acts . E. Pierson, Dresden / Leipzig 1894.
  • International trade and its balance sheet . Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1895.
  • Statistics of the Austrian cotton industry . Association of Cotton Industrialists, Vienna 1895.
  • The workers' committees in Austria. A private inquiry from the weekly Die Industrie . Publishing house of the weekly Die Industrie, Vienna 1896.
  • The economic conditions in Asia Minor . A. Dorn, Vienna 1897.
  • Handbook of International Trade Policy . Manz, Vienna 1898.
  • System of trade policy . 3rd, revised edition. Julius Springer, Vienna 1928 (first edition: Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1901).
  • About cartels . Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1902.
  • Report on the economic conditions of the Ottoman Empire . Court and State Printing House, Vienna 1903.
  • Report on the economic situation in Egypt . Court and State Printing House, Vienna 1905.
  • System of industrial policy . Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1905.
  • Report on the economic situation in Greece . Court and State Printing House, Vienna 1906.
  • System of transport policy . Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1908.
  • Economic Policy Outline . 5 volumes: 1. General Economics , 2. Agricultural Policy , 3. Industrial Policy , 4. Trade Policy , 5. Transport Policy . Hölder-Pichler-Tempsky, Vienna 1909.
  • The victory of industrialism. Land emancipation and farm concentration . Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1911.
  • Trade policy and balance in Austria-Hungary . Hölder, Vienna 1912.
  • The industry . In: Gerhard Anschütz (Hrsg.): Handbuch der Politik . 3. Edition. IV. Volume. Rothschild, Berlin / Leipzig 1921, p. 257-262 (first edition: 1912).
  • Trade, payments and economic balance . Publishing house of the Export Academy of the Imperial and Royal Austrian Trade Museum, Vienna 1914.
  • Value and price. A theoretical investigation based on a realistic method . Duncker & Humblot, Munich 1914.
  • Price gouging. A critical illumination of their being and their fight . Hölder, Vienna 1915.
  • Economic Protectionism . Clarendon Press, Oxford 1916.
  • State and economics . Compaßverlag, Vienna 1916.
  • Economics theory . 2nd, revised edition. Hölder-Pichler-Tempsky, Vienna 1923 (first edition: Hölder, Vienna 1918, title of the first edition: Economic Terms. A new attempt to scientifically clarify the most common expressions in economics ).
  • The monetary value. Principles for assessing currency devaluation (=  financial and economic issues of the time . No. 57 ). Enke, Stuttgart 1919.
  • Outline of finance . 2nd, improved edition. Hölder, Vienna 1922 (first edition: 1920).
  • The economic order. Inaugural address given at the inauguration ceremony as rector of the University of World Trade on November 19, 1921 . Publishing house of the University for World Trade, Vienna 1921.
  • Monetary value and exchange rate . Hölder, Vienna 1923.
  • Theory of international trade. Free trade or protective tariffs . Hölder-Pichler-Tempsky, Vienna 1924.
  • The doctrine of the wealth of the people . Hölder-Pichler-Tempsky, Vienna 1926.
  • The economic concentration . Springer, Vienna 1928.
  • Economy and politics . In: Yearbooks for Economics and Statistics . tape 133 . Gustav Fischer, Jena 1930, p. 641-657 .
  • The free trade theory of comparative costs . Heymann, Berlin 1932.
  • The essence of the economic order . Heymann, Berlin 1932.
  • Enterprise and Economics . In: Karl Meithner (ed.): The balance sheets of the companies. Festival ceremony for Julius Ziegler . tape 1 : Foundation. Structure and problem areas of the balance sheets. Österreichischer Wirtschaftsverlag, Vienna 1933, p. 3-13 .

Honors

  • Title Councilor (1918)
  • Street naming of Gruntzelstraße in Vienna- Essling (1955)

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Felix Czeike (Ed.): Gruntzel (Grunzel) Josef. In:  Historisches Lexikon Wien . Volume 2, Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1993, ISBN 3-218-00544-2 , pp. 626-627 ( digitized version ).
  2. ↑ a b c Richard Kerschagl:  Gruntzel, Josef. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1966, ISBN 3-428-00188-5 , p. 231 f. ( Digitized version ).
  3. ^ Anton Franz Ressel: Local history of the Reichenberger district. City and country . tape 1 . Augsten, Reichenberg 1904, p. 523 .
  4. ^ Karl Bienenstein : Dramas . In: Society. Monthly for literature, art and social policy . tape 11 , no. 3 , March 1895, p. 419–420 ( digitized [accessed February 28, 2020]).
  5. ↑ Gruntzel, Josef. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 2, Publishing House of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1959, p. 94 f. (Direct links on p. 94 , p. 95 ).
  6. ↑ Peter Berger: The Vienna University for World Trade and its professors 1938–1945 . In: Johannes Koll (Ed.): “Cleansing” at Austrian universities 1934–1945. Requirements, processes, consequences . Böhlau, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2017, ISBN 978-3-205-20336-0 , pp. 166-167 .
  7. ↑ Vice-Rector Hofrat Dr. Gruntzel †. In:  Kleine Volks-Zeitung , November 23, 1934, p. 4 (online at ANNO ).Template: ANNO / Maintenance / kvz
  8. ↑ Felix Czeike (Ed.): Gruntzelstrasse. In:  Historisches Lexikon Wien . Volume 2, Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1993, ISBN 3-218-00544-2 , p. 627 ( digitized version ).
personal data
SURNAME Gruntzel, Josef
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Grunzel, Josef; Gruntzel, Joseph; Grunzel, Joseph
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian economist
DATE OF BIRTH October 20, 1866
PLACE OF BIRTH Alt-Paka
DATE OF DEATH November 21, 1934
Place of death Vienna