Essling
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Essling (until 1999 officially Essling to 1938) was an independent municipality and is now a district of Vienna in the 22nd district of Vienna Danube city and one of 89 Vienna Katastralgemeinden .
geography
Essling is located between the Lobau in the Donau-Auen National Park in the south, the Lower Austrian Marchfeld communities Groß-Enzersdorf , Raasdorf and Aderklaa in the east and north, and the Donaustadt districts of Aspern and Breitenlee in the west. The cadastral parish covers an area of 1,497.78 hectares . In addition to the old town center, there are several settlements in Essling in the midst of agricultural areas, including Neuessling in the north with the Kienast settlement and the Teufelsfeld settlement and the Invalid settlement, in the east the Schippani settlement and in the south the Wegmayer settlement. The Schafflerhof, located near the Ostbahn, was once the farm yard of the Essling manor.
history
Finds from the Bronze Age prove that there were already settlements in the Essling area at that time. The name "Essling" is derived from the Ezzelarn family, who were once important personalities in Vienna's city administration. A Konrad von Eslarn was mayor of Vienna in 1278 . The place was first mentioned in a document in 1258 as Ezzelarn . At the end of the 16th century, the ending of the place name - with different spellings - changed to the suffix -ing . In 1880 the only official form of the name was Eßlingen , from 1890 the short form Eßling was used as an alternative. The name Eßlingen has not been used since 1938.
The proximity to the Danube brought Essling great floods, especially in the Middle Ages. Essling gained historical importance through the battle of Essling and Aspern in 1809 , where Napoléon I suffered the first defeat. Cannon balls from this battle were walled in in the old castle. In the museum in the Schüttkasten you can see a replica of the battle with tin soldiers. Vienna's first airport was also located between Aspern and Essling, and was later replaced by Schwechat Airport. In Essling, aircraft were built and flown in at the " Aviatik " aircraft factory during the First World War . After the end of the war, the production facility had to be destroyed. Remains of the buildings are still visible today.
In 1938 Essling came to the 22nd district of Groß-Enzersdorf, part of the new Groß-Wien . Since 1954, the place and seven other former municipalities have been part of the district renamed Donaustadt. Due to its location and quality of life, Essling is now one of the major urban expansion areas in Vienna. An important question for the future of Essling is the steady increase in private transport. Several citizens' initiatives are very committed.
Traffic history
The Marchegger Ostbahn from Vienna Stadlau to Marchegg , opened in 1870 and on which the legendary Orient Express once operated, crosses the Essling area in a west-east direction between the center of the village and the Neuessling part of the settlement; but there is no train station in Esslingen. The once double-track railway line has only been single-track since the times of the Iron Curtain , when the train frequency was greatly reduced. The connection via Marchegg to Bratislava / Pressburg is currently heavily used in regional traffic in the Twin Cities .
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Essling was made accessible from 1886-1970 by a tram line that began in Floridsdorf (where it joined a line from the city center) and led via Kagran and Aspern to Essling and on to Groß-Enzersdorf . When this route was opened by the steam tramway company (formerly Krauss & Comp.), All the places mentioned were still outside Vienna (until Aspern was incorporated in 1904, Essling and Groß-Enzersdorf in 1938, this was removed again in 1954). In Essling, the line ran on the left side of the street (seen to the east) of today's Esslinger Hauptstraße and was laid out on a single track with a turnout.
In the spring 1901 timetable, the total distance of 20.4 km from the city center, from the Salztorbrücke (then Stefaniebrücke) on the Danube Canal (from Floridsdorf it was 14.9 km, from Kagran 11.3 km) to Groß-Enzersdorf, five per day appeared Trains per direction of travel that took 74 minutes to Essling and another 12 minutes to the terminus 3 km away. It took half an hour to drive from Kagran to Essling. 1st and 2nd class cars were in operation.
On January 23, 1922, the city trams began operating under the line signals 217 (mostly Kagran – Aspern, to Essling in World War II) and 317 (Kagran – Groß-Enzersdorf) in the direction of Essling. (The Floridsdorf – Kagran section had been integrated into the electric tram network as line 17 as early as January 23, 1912 and is now used by line 25.) At the end of the war in 1945, both lines had been more than seven months (April 7th - November 14th) set. The stop Englisch-Feld-Gasse in Essling was the tariff limit. Those who wanted to continue to Groß-Enzersdorf had to buy a second ticket from the conductor. From July 16, 1966, 217s and 317s were operated from Floridsdorf. On August 30, 1970 the tram service was stopped, from August 31, 1970 buses operated.
Culture and sights
church
The Esslingen parish church was inaugurated in secret a few days after the National Socialists marched in in 1938. During the renovation, the interior was renewed and clad with wood. The stone mosaic Way of the Cross and the wooden statue of the Holy Family are now among the attractions of Essling.
There is also a Baptist church in Essling . Its beginnings go back to the 1930s; its own parish hall with garden was inaugurated in 1956. About 30 visitors take part in the services on Sunday mornings.
art
The well-known sculptor Georg Raphael Donner was born in Essling in 1693 . He is one of the outstanding masters of sculpture of his century in German-speaking countries. His works can still be viewed today in Vienna, Gurk, Salzburg, Dresden and Pressburg. A plaque on the house where he was born commemorates this great Esslinger.
jazz
For genre Jazz Essling has a special relationship: Born Esslinger Franz Georg Pressler was under the stage name Fatty George to a world-renowned jazz musicians. The same goes for Bill Grah , to whom the park in front of the old elementary school is dedicated. The Jazz Museum was opened in Essling in 2005, and jazz concerts take place in the park in summer.
Bulk box
The Schüttkasten, northwest of Essling Castle , was once a storage facility for grain and became a fiercely contested building during Napoleon's war against Austria. Today it houses a re-enactment of the battle as a model.
Sports
The SV Essling is a football club founded in 1931 in the district.
literature
- Sophie Schwindshackl: Esslingen in the quarter under the Manhartsberg . Diploma thesis, University of Vienna 1996
Individual evidence
- ↑ Resolution of the Vienna City Council of December 17, 1999, PrZ 299-M07, P 49, source: wien.gv.at : In an amendment to the GRB of January 30, 1981, the principles of the Vienna Nomenclature Commission are used for the writing of traffic area designations and geographical names added to the effect that the new spelling is generally used. The changed spelling on street boards, orientation number boards and the like as well as in personal documents is only to be taken into account in the case of new installation or reissue.
- ^ Felix Czeike : Historical Lexicon Vienna: De - Gy . Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 2004, ISBN 3-218-00743-7 . P. 219
- ^ Walter Krobot, Josef Otto Slezak, Hans Sternhart: Tram in Vienna - the day before yesterday and the day after tomorrow , Verlag Josef Otto Slezak, Vienna 1972, ISBN 3-900134-00-6 , p. 305 ff.
- ^ Website of the Baptist Essling
Web links
Aspern |
Breitenlee |
Essling |
Hirschstetten |
Kagran |
Kaisermühlen |
Stadlau |
Süßenbrunn
Lobau (KG Kaiserebersdorf Herrschaft and KG Landjägermeisteramt)
Coordinates: 48 ° 13 ' N , 16 ° 32' E