Kaisermühlen
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Kaisermühlen has been a district of Vienna since 1850 . It was in the 2nd, then in the 21st district and is now in the 22nd district , the Donaustadt , and is one of the 89 cadastral communities in Vienna . A small part of Kaisermühlen is in the 21st district of Floridsdorf .
geography
Although the Kaisermühlen district also includes the Danube Park , the Danube City and part of the Danube Island , in common parlance Kaisermühlen is usually the residential area between Am Kaisermühlendamm, Wagramer Straße and the branches of the Old Danube.
Kaisermühlen is located in the west of the Donaustadt district. In the south-west it borders along the Danube on the 2nd district, Leopoldstadt , in the north-west along Donauturmstrasse on the Floridsdorf district part Donaufeld (21st district). The border to Donaufeld and the two districts of Kagran and Stadlau runs along the Upper and Lower Old Danube . The cadastral community of Kaisermühlen covers an area of 558.4 ha , of which 20.45 ha are in the area of the Floridsdorf district. Most of these are water areas in the Old Danube and traffic areas in the area of the Donaupark motorway junction.
Origin of name
The Kaisermühlen, mentioned for the first time in 1674 (at that time still called “Hof- und Kaisermühlen”) originally belonged to Stadlau. The name refers to the mill owners and boatmen who lived there at the time, whose ship mills were located on Kaiserwasser, an important arm of the Danube near Vienna at that time. A ship mill is also shown on the Kaisermühlen coat of arms .
history
Kaisermühlen was located on the right bank of the main arm of the then still unregulated Danube until 1875. Mainly the operators of the eponymous ship mills lived here, but also raftsmen and fishermen. In 1830, a steamship station was built in the area of today's Gänsehäufels , which made Kaisermühlen economic importance. When it was incorporated in 1850, Kaisermühlen became part of the new 2nd district of Vienna, Leopoldstadt, due to its location .
The Reichsbrücke , the most important Danube bridge in Vienna, was built from 1872 to 1876 as the "Kronprinz-Rudolf-Brücke" as part of the Danube regulation. It was rebuilt in 1937 and rebuilt in 1980 after it collapsed on August 1, 1976.
After the Danube was regulated from 1870 to 1875, Kaisermühlen was on the left bank of the Danube. The ship mills could no longer be operated on the standing Old Danube (the former main arm), and in the course of the industrial revolution they had become increasingly meaningless. So they soon disappeared. The steamship station had to be relocated to the city-side bank of the new main stream ( Handelskai ), which meant that an important source of income for restaurateurs and carters in Kaisermühlen was lost. The local area was partly built in a grid with "interest barracks" (rental houses with a low standard), some areas were dedicated to industrial companies.
In 1898 the tram began operating on Wagramer Strasse and across the Reichsbrücke ; the edge of Kaisermühlen was thus connected to public transport. From 1899 on, Schüttaustraße was used to drive to Schüttauplatz, where the tram terminus was located not far from the bridge to Gänsehäufel until 1982. Most of the time, you could drive from Kaisermühlen to the Praterstern without changing trains, for many years to Franz-Josefs-Kai on the Danube Canal and to the Ringstrasse .
In the interwar period, large community buildings were built, including the Goethehof , which was one of the most important scenes of the February fights in 1934 and was even attacked from the air by Brumowski . But the Bretteldorf village and a large manure deposit also arose north of Wagramer Strasse ; both disappeared decades later (see below).
After the " annexation of Austria " to the National Socialist German Reich, Kaisermühlen in the new Greater Vienna , which was created through numerous incorporations on the left bank of the Danube, was transferred from the 2nd to the 21st district, Floridsdorf , in autumn 1938 . Since 1954, Kaisermühlen and seven other former municipalities have formed the 22nd district, Donaustadt, which was smaller than in the Nazi era and partly shifted to the north .
Three 14-story skyscrapers on the now covered Kaisermühlendamm are part of the Marshallhof and were built by the City of Vienna from 1953 to 1959 according to plans by the architect Hermann Stiegholzer.
Until 1960 there was an urban dung place on the area of today's Danube Park; the site was then redeveloped and was the scene of the Vienna International Horticultural Exhibition in 1964 (wig64). At that time, the Danube Tower was built as a new landmark , today the tallest structure in Austria. On the former flood plain ( inundation area ), the New Danube was built in the 1970s to 1980s as the mostly standing branch of the river and the Danube Island between the main river and the New Danube (bureaucratically referred to as a relief channel for a long time ).
The UN City, which further changed the skyline of the area, opened in 1979. On September 3, 1982, the Kaisermühlen underground station on Wagramer Strasse went into operation, which also has direct access to the UNO City and opens up the Danube City; the center of Kaisermühlen has since been served by regular buses from there.
present
The Reichsbrücke is still the most important connection between Kaisermühlen and the city center. It not only connects the two banks of the river, but also extends over the Danube Island and the New Danube . To mark the 25th anniversary of today's Reichsbrücke, it was thoroughly renovated in 2005.
Other bridges in Kaisermühlen include the Kagran Bridge and the parallel underground bridge over the Old Danube, as well as the Ponte Cagrana and the Kaisermühlen Bridge over the New Danube.
The entire complex of the UNO City on the edge of the Danube Park is of international importance . It includes the Vienna International Center , which opened in 1979 and includes the official headquarters of international organizations, and the later Austria Center Vienna , a congress center operated by Austria. Right next to it is the modern office and residential district Donau City .
The Donaucity Church, known for its striking architecture, is located on the Donau City area. The parish church Kaisermühlen , the Sacred Heart Basilica, is located on the Schüttauplatz . The columns of the Byzantine basilica come from the Vienna Ring Theater , which burned down on December 8, 1881. The modern and no-frills bell tower was only built next to the church in 1966. Both churches are looked after by the Roman Catholic order of the Salvatorians , who also run a hospice here . Father Martin Bauer has been the pastor in Kaisermühlen since September 1st, 2008. The Donaucitykirche is a rectorate church of the parish Kaisermühlen, the responsible rector has been Father Franz Exiller since September 1st, 2013.
The primary school in Kaisermühlen is housed in the listed school building on Schüttaustraße, built in 1904 based on designs by Wilhelm Schimitzek and Franz Anderle .
The Kaisermühlen fire station and a support point of the Workers' Samaritan Association have been located in the northwest of Donau City since 2001 .
On the island of Gänsehäufel, surrounded by the Old Danube and its tributaries, is the lido of the same name , which can be reached via a bridge. Although many Viennese have been taking advantage of the opportunity to swim along the banks of the Danube Island for free since the 1980s, the Gänsehäufel lido is still one of the most popular summer pools in Vienna. That is why Kaisermühlen experiences real Gänsehäufel tourism on hot days, where the regular buses, which travel between the Kaisermühlen underground station and the Schüttauplatz near the Gänsehäufel entrance, reach the limits of their capacities.
Cultural and media
Ernst Hinterberger 's television series Kaisermühlen-Blues , produced in 1992–1999 and set in the Kaisermühlner community building Schüttauhof and other locations in this Grätzl , created a monument to the district. One episode of the series Everyday Stories by Elizabeth T. Spira was also dedicated to the residents of Kaisermühlen.
From 1996 to 2014, the Webster University Vienna campus was located in the southeast of Kaisermühlen , in whose inner courtyard the brick chimney of a factory originally located at this location has been preserved as an industrial monument.
literature
- Birgit Trinker, Michael Strand: Vienna district handbooks. 22nd district - Donaustadt . Pichler Verlag, Vienna 2001, ISBN 3-85431-231-8
Web links
Individual evidence
Aspern |
Breitenlee |
Essling |
Hirschstetten |
Kagran |
Kaisermühlen |
Stadlau |
Süßenbrunn
Lobau (KG Kaiserebersdorf Herrschaft and KG Landjägermeisteramt)
Coordinates: 48 ° 14 ' N , 16 ° 25' E