Josef Schantl (horn player)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Josef Schantl (born February 8, 1842 in Graz , † March 22, 1902 in Viehdorf , Lower Austria ) was an Austrian horn player and is considered to be the resurrection of Austrian hunting music .

biography

Studies and career

Schantl was the son of the Graz horn player Florian Schantl . Both his grandfather, Franz Xaver Schantl , and two of his brothers and an uncle were horn players.

From 1852 to 1857 he received horn lessons from his father at the school of the "Musikverein für Steiermark" in Graz. After completing his horn training with a diploma, Schantl began his orchestral career in Vienna in 1857 in Johann Strauss ' chapel , where he first met the prelude to Wagner's opera " Tristan und Isolde ". After the rejection of “Tristan” by the Vienna Court Opera Orchestra because of too many rehearsals, the Johann Strauss Orchestra played the prelude to the opera before the premiere in Munich.

On October 1, 1870, Schantl joined the orchestra of the kuk Hofoper in Vienna (and with it the Vienna Philharmonic ) as horn player and soon became solo horn player. He worked there until his retirement. In 1878 Schantl became a member of the court orchestra .

Horn ensembles and hunting music

Soon after joining the orchestra, a horn quartet was founded with tours within the Austrian Empire , Switzerland and Germany . At the beginning of 1879 the first printed edition of the "Repertoire (s) of the French Horn Quartet of the Imperial and Royal Court Opera Orchestra" appeared.

On April 27, 1879, a large parade took place on the occasion of the silver wedding of Emperor Franz Joseph I and his wife Elisabeth ("Markart Festival Parade") with a large participation of the population. The "Schantl Quartet" with Josef Schantl, Anton Wunderer , Emil Wipperich and Franz Pichler was commissioned with the musical design. The hunting car of that time and its occupation of the so-called Makart pageant with horn players is considered to be the cradle of the Viennese horn players' club , which was then founded in 1883. For this move in 1879 he composed 13 fanfares within a very short time . The success of the Schantl Quartet led to a new heyday of the kk Hofjagdmusik ( later named "Lainzer Jagdmusik" after its location in the Lainzer Tiergarten ) under Schantl.

In 1883, the Hornistenclub (official name: "First Wiener Hornistenclub" ) was founded under Schantl's artistic direction. Under the name Wiener Waldhornverein from 1951, this association has existed to this day and is therefore the oldest association of horn players. From 1884/1885 until his early retirement in 1899 (as successor to Wilhelm Kleinecke) Schantl worked as a professor of horn at the Conservatory of the Society of Friends of Music in Vienna .

In 1886 his “Austrian Hunting Music” appeared with seven other fanfares. In total there were now 50 fanfares, including “blowing on the hunt” and “blowing off the hunt”.

Because of his great commitment to hunting music, Schantl received countless invitations from the nobility to set up hunting horn music and train the hunter horn players. He accepted these invitations with great enthusiasm, as they offered him the opportunity to hunt, which was also his great passion. Schantl is considered to be the real revival of Austrian hunting music.

Additional Services

Schantl gave the world premieres of Brahms ' 2nd and 3rd symphonies and the 3rd and 8th symphonies by Anton Bruckner . When Richard Wagner conducted the preview performances of parts of the Ring in Vienna and Budapest in 1875, Schantl blew the cry of victory in "Waldweben" . Until his retirement in 1899 he played “Ruf” a total of 19 times in the Vienna Court Opera.

He also wrote the first Wagner orchestral studies (collections of difficult horn passages from Wagner operas), the first studies for Wagner tuba and a large four-volume horn school.

Schantl shared the solo horn position at the Vienna Court Opera with Emil Wipperich and Christian Nowak senior . He could not teach at the music academy because he lacked the "academic certificates". That is why Wipperich taught at the Academy and Schantl at the Vienna Conservatory.

student

Despite these circumstances there are important students of Josef Schantl. Among them u. a. Karl Stiegler .

Works

His compositions are preserved in the manuscript as part of the Hans Pizkas collection , which as a whole is part of the large collection for brass instruments in Kremsegg Castle / Upper Austria . There are a large number of arrangements by Schantl and some compositions for horn.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Information on the homepage www.wienerwaldhornverein.at, accessed on June 22, 2014
personal data
SURNAME Schantl, Josef
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian horn player
DATE OF BIRTH February 8, 1842
PLACE OF BIRTH Graz
DATE OF DEATH March 22, 1902
Place of death Viehdorf , Lower Austria