Joseph Bové

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Joseph Bové

Joseph Bové (often Ossip Ivanovitch Bowe of Russian Осип Иванович Бове or Italian Giuseppe Bova ; born October 24, jul. / 4. November  1784 greg. In St. Petersburg ; † June 16 jul. / 28. June  1834 greg. In Moscow ) was a Russian architect and city builder of Italian descent. He became famous for his contribution to the reconstruction of Moscow after large parts of it had burned down during the war against Napoleon in 1812 . Several structures designed by Bové have survived to this day.

biography

Bové was born in the then imperial Russian capital Saint Petersburg as the son of Vincenzo Giovanni Bova (according to Russian usage Iwan Bowe ), a Neapolitan painter living in Russia . He discovered his interest in architecture at an early stage and at the age of 18 began studying at the Moscow Kremlin's construction school . During his studies he was already involved in urban construction projects in Moscow. In 1807 he graduated from school and initially worked in Moscow and Tver under the direction of the then renowned architects Matwei Kasakow and Carlo Rossi .

The building of the Bolshoi Theater

After the great fire in Moscow in 1812, when many city dwellers had left their mostly wooden houses before the approaching French troops and set them on fire, around two thirds of all residential buildings in the city and thousands of public buildings were completely destroyed. In order to coordinate the reconstruction of the city, a special commission was set up after the war in which several architects were commissioned to design new buildings in specific sections of the city. Bové worked in this commission since 1813 and was divided into the central area of ​​the city, which included the area around the Kremlin and Tverskaya Street . In this role he also worked on the development of a general plan for the reconstruction of Moscow, which was laid down in 1817. Under the direction of Bové, several well-known squares in the historic center of Moscow were built around the Kremlin - including the Red Square and the Theater Square a few hundred meters further north . On the former, the building of the Upper Trading Ranks was built from 1816 onwards, based on Bové's designs, the forerunner of today's GUM department store , built in 1893 on the same site ; A little later, the classicist building of the Bolshoi Theater , which has survived to this day, was erected on Theaterplatz - probably Joseph Bové's most famous building to this day.

Bové officially received the title of architect from the St. Petersburg Art Academy in 1816. In the 1820s and 1830s, several church buildings were also built according to his designs in Moscow.

Buildings (selection)

Bové's triumphal arch

Web links

Commons : Joseph Bové  - collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Bové, Joseph
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ossip Bowe; Giuseppe Bova
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian architect and city builder of Italian descent
DATE OF BIRTH November 4, 1784
PLACE OF BIRTH St. Petersburg
DATE OF DEATH June 28, 1834
Place of death Moscow