Joseph Bucher

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Joseph Bucher (born October 23, 1838 in Waldkirchen ; † December 7, 1909 in Passau ) was a Bavarian publisher and politician, member of the Customs Parliament and the Chamber of Deputies of the Bavarian State Parliament (1869/70 and 1881-1892).

Life

Bucher, son of the innkeeper and master butcher Johann Nepomuk Bucher, attended grammar schools in Passau and Straubing , studied philosophy and law in Munich from 1857 to 1861 , completed his law studies with the first state examination, entered the judicial service in Passau, decided but after a few months he opposed the legal profession and turned to journalism. In 1862 he bought Johann Baptist Breßl (1801–1864) printing and publishing house for the Donau-Zeitung , which appeared in Passau, and remained its publisher and author until 1889. In 1867 he traveled to Italy and founded a German correspondence office in Rome . In 1870 Bucher also acquired the Franconian Volksblatt in Würzburg, which he ceded to his brother Franz Xaver in 1875, and in 1873 also the Munich Volksfreund , Ernst Zander's former Volksbote , which was discontinued in 1877. Bucher had been with Luitgard, b. Abbot, married with whom he had a daughter and three sons.

Bucher, who was originally liberal, turned to a Catholic-conservative course from 1866 and, as the publisher of the Donau-Zeitung, was one of the most active organizers of a radical opposition to the Hohenlohe Ministry, which was oriented towards liberal-small German . In the run-up to the Customs Parliament election in 1868 , he came forward with radical anti-Prussian slogans (“The first quality of our election candidates must be that they are Bavaria and hate Bismarck ”), was elected to the Customs Parliament in the constituency of Niederbayern 4 ( Pfarrkirchen , Eggenfelden , Griesbach ) and There consequently joined the South German parliamentary group , which opposed any expansion of the powers of the customs parliament.

The work of the South German parliamentary group received a great deal of attention in the Bavarian press, which brought the Bavarian parliamentary group members to a leading role in the organization of the work of the state parliament. After the elections to the Bavarian Chamber of Deputies in May 1869, which had brought the Catholic-Conservative forces a majority, 13 Bavarian customs parliamentarians, including Bucher, met in Berlin on June 11, 1869 and agreed to form a patriotic parliamentary group in the Bavarian Chamber. Bucher suggested this name and thus belongs to the closest founding circle of the Bavarian Patriot Party . When the state parliament met on September 21, 1869, the Catholic-Conservative MPs came together as agreed and, with 78 seats, made up the majority over the 75 liberals. Bucher himself was elected in the Pfarrkirchen constituency and was successful there even after the necessary new election in November 1869.

The patriotic faction to which Bucher belonged was split in different directions, with Bucher being an exponent of the most radical wing, the so-called clerical democrats . Bucher and his colleagues, such as his colleague at the Donau-Zeitung Joseph Lukas , advocated democratic methods of mass mobilization in the service of Catholic-conservative goals, ultimately with the intention of overthrowing the liberal state ministry. This extreme position was, however, already lacks majority support in the faction and the spectrum of Catholicism highly controversial: his local bishop Heinrich von Hofstätter Bucher was in conflict since 1868, where he certainly received support from the Curia and demonstratively with the Papal Order of St. Gregory the Great was awarded . The conflicts in the new parliamentary group led to Bucher's expulsion from the parliamentary group as early as March 1870, whereupon he and Lukas resigned in May 1870.

Without a mandate, Bucher accompanied the work of the patriotic faction in the Donau-Zeitung, initially as a critical observer from a clerical-democratic perspective: "So far we have been in company with the faction, now the connection has been broken, we are free, including the Patriots' Club opposite. But we still share a common cause. " In the course of the 1870s, however, Bucher turned more and more away from his ideals and, from 1876, advocated collaboration with the government. When he again moved into the Chamber of Deputies in the state elections in 1881 ( Grafenau constituency , also re-elected there in 1887), he rejoined the parliamentary group, but rejected the sharp opposition strategy on which Alois Rittler had been able to commit the parliamentary group. In January 1882 Bucher was again excluded from the parliamentary group. This time, however, he retained his mandate and was a member of the Chamber until 1892 as a conservative outsider close to the government.

Bucher's change in political direction also affected his work as a publisher. In the 1880s, the Donau-Zeitung was no longer the mouthpiece of the Patriot Party (since 1887 the Center Party ). When Bucher openly advocated the chairman of the Council of Ministers Johann von Lutz after the king's tragedy of Ludwig II and the following year argued in favor of the septennate bill rejected by the Center Party in the Reichstag, a group of younger center politicians formed in Passau around the up-and-coming Franz Seraph Pichler , who with the Niederbayerischen Volkszeitung founded a party-affiliated competitor to the Donau-Zeitung . Although his paper retained a significantly larger readership, Bucher finally gave up and sold his newspaper to Passavia , the stock corporation that held the people's newspaper . In 1890 both papers were merged and continued under the name Donau-Zeitung , now on the center's party line.

Bucher ended his life as a privateer in Passau.

literature

  • Friedrich Hartmannsgruber: Die Bayerische Patriotenpartei 1868-1887 (series of publications on Bavarian national history, volume 82), Munich: CH Beck 1986.
  • Helmut W. Schaller: Danube newspaper. In: Historical Lexicon of Bavaria . September 10, 2013, accessed August 14, 2015 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Johann Baptist Breßl in: Wikiporno Lower Bavaria
  2. ^ Christoph Weißmann: Franconian Volksblatt. In: Historical Lexicon of Bavaria . January 16, 2012, accessed August 14, 2015 .
  3. ^ Paul Hoser: People's messenger for the citizen and farmer. In: Historical Lexicon of Bavaria . November 28, 2012, accessed August 14, 2015 .
  4. ^ Obituary for Joseph Bucher in the Donau-Zeitung of December 9, 1909, Link: Helmut W. Schaller: Donau-Zeitung. In: Historical Lexicon of Bavaria . September 10, 2013, accessed August 14, 2015 .
  5. ↑ Quoted from Friedrich Hartmannsgruber: Die bayerische Patriotenpartei , Munich 1986, p. 38.
  6. ^ Friedrich Hartmannsgruber: Die Bayerische Patriotenpartei , Munich 1986, p. 102.
  7. ^ Section after Friedrich Hartmannsgruber: Die Bayerische Patriotenpartei , Munich 1986, p. 102 f.
  8. ↑ On this Friedrich Hartmannsgruber: Die bayerische Patriotenpartei , Munich 1986, p. 129 ff.
  9. ^ Heinrich von Hofstätter in: Regiowiki Niederbayern
  10. ↑ Peter Herde: The Holy See and Bavaria between Customs Parliament and the founding of an empire (1867 / 68-1871) , in: Journal for Bavarian State History 45 (1982), pp. 589-662, here: pp. 610 ff.
  11. ↑ [1] Bucher's resignation.
  12. ↑ Quoted from Friedrich Hartmannsgruber: Die bayerische Patriotenpartei , Munich 1986, p. 292.
  13. ^ Helmut W. Schaller: Donau-Zeitung. In: Historical Lexicon of Bavaria . September 10, 2013, accessed August 14, 2015 .
personal data
SURNAME Bucher, Joseph
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German publisher and politician
DATE OF BIRTH October 23, 1838
PLACE OF BIRTH Waldkirchen
DATE OF DEATH December 7, 1909
Place of death Passau