Juan Huarte de San Juan

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Juan Huarte de San Juan, contemporary illustration

Juan Huarte de San Juan actually Juan Huarte y Navarro (* 1529 in Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port , † 1588 in Linares ) was a Spanish doctor, philosopher and founder of early psychological-theoretical concepts ( differential psychology ) of the human mind .

Live and act

He came from a Spanish noble family ( Hidalgo ). His birthplace San Juan Pie de Puerto ( Basque Donibane Garazi ) was a capital of the remaining kingdom of Lower Navarre (French Basse-Navarre, Basque Nafarroa Beherea, Spanish Baja Navarra), which then fell to France in 1589.

Huarte first studied humanities in Huesca and later, from 1553 to 1559, medicine at the Universidad de Alcalá . On December 31, 1559 he was promoted to doctor medicinae . He later lived and worked in various Spanish cities, such as Huesca, Granada , Baeza and, most recently, Linares. His marriage to Doña Agueda de Velasco had three sons and four daughters., Sou.a. Antonia (ca.1568-1576), Águeda and Luis.

In Baeza, Huarte practiced very professionally and heroically during the plague epidemic that struck the city and its residents in 1566.

Title page of his Examen de ingenios para las sciencias (1575)

His work Examen de ingenios para las sciencias (1575) was translated by Gotthold Ephraim Lessing in a late German translation, Examination of the Heads to the Sciences (1752). In this work Huarte tries to be one of the first to show the connection between psychology and physiology . The Examen de ingenios para las sciencias were placed on the list of forbidden books ( Index librorum prohibitorum ) by the Spanish Inquisition of the Roman Catholic Church and he was given a list of fifteen points which should be corrected from the perspective of the Inquisition . Despite its initial ostracism by the Inquisition, copies of the work ended up in many public and private libraries, including several copies , particularly in Barcelona .

In his exams , one of the author's requests was to be able to give parents advice on how to make the best possible career decision possible for their sons. Here he draws on the temperament theory of ancient authors. In his search for the causes of the talent of (male) people, u. a. the humoral pathology but also climatological factors included, from which pedagogical recommendations were derived. When considering human cognition, he distinguished memory, intellect and imagination.

Huarte de San Juan was one of the first to claim that there is a direct relationship between understanding, consciousness and the brain as an organ.

Works (selection)

  • Examen de ingenios para las sciencias. (Baeza, Juan Bautista de Montoya, 1575)

literature

Web links

Commons : Juan Huarte de San Juan  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lorenzo Martínez Aguilar: Tras las huellas de los humanisas de los siglos XV-XVII en su relación con Linares. Boletín del Inst de Estudios Giennenses. (194): 47-109. (No longer available online.) 2006, formerly in the original ; accessed on December 29, 2018 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: dead link / dialnet.unirioja.es
  2. ^ G. Fernández San Emeterio: Huarte de San Juan, Juan (h. 1529-1588). mcn. biografías.com
  3. ↑ Helmut E. Lück: History of psychology: currents, schools, developments. Vol. 1 von Grundriss der Psychologie, W. Kohlhammer Verlag, Stuttgart 2009, ISBN 3-1702-0923-X , p. 138
  4. ^ "El día 31 de diciembre, año del nacimiento del Señor 1559, el señor licenciado Juan de San Juan recibió el grado del Doctorado en Medicina, de manos del señor doctor Fernando de Balbas, abad y canciller, y le entregó las insignias el doctor San Pedro "
  5. ↑ Juan Huarte de San Juan. Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia. Bernardo Estornés Lasa Fondoa
  6. ↑ James S. Amelang: THE LIBRARY OF IBERIAN RESOURCES ONLINE Honored Citizens of Barcelona. Chapter Six. STUDIES IN SOCIAL VOCABULARY From Genius to Culture
  7. ↑ Matthias Giger: Huartes examination of the heads to the sciences. SwissGifted, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 26-30
  8. ↑ Ignacio Morgado : Los sentidos. Cómo percibimos el mundo. Ariel, Barcelona 2012, ISBN 978-84-344-3119-5 , p. 29
  9. ↑ Volker Roloff, Harald Wentzlaff-Eggebert: The Spanish novel: From the Middle Ages to the present. 2nd edition, Melzer, Stuttgart / Weimar 2016, ISBN 978-3-4760-3605-6 , p. 96
personal data
SURNAME Huarte de San Juan, Juan
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Juan Huarte y Navarro
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Spanish doctor and philosopher
DATE OF BIRTH 1529
PLACE OF BIRTH Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port
DATE OF DEATH 1588
Place of death Linares