Juglans olanchana
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Juglans olanchana |
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| Standl. & LOWilliams |
Juglans olanchana is an American tree of the genus walnuts ( Juglans ).
features
Juglans olanchana is a medium-sized to large semi- evergreen tree (maximum 40 m) with a dark and deeply furrowed bark . The diameter can reach 150 cm, the trunk is usually up to 5 m high without knots, in rare cases 10 to 15 m. The branches are dark brown and appear bare, but are covered with small glandular hairs. The lenticels are conspicuous.
The leaves are large, usually 45 to 65 cm long and 30 to 35 cm wide. Usually present in a terminal leaflet, so that the leaves are pinnate unpaired. The leaflets are large, usually 17 to 21, each 14 to 17 cm long and 5 to 6 cm wide. They are clearly stalked, 2 to 4 mm long. The leaves are finely toothed strong, of oblong-elliptic to ovate leaf shape , with asymmetrically truncated or rounded leaf base and long-sharpened blade end. The lower leaflets are often significantly smaller than the rest. The underside of the leaves is bare and has only a few stalked glands, a few small tuft hairs on the midrib and large lateral nerves. The top is also bare. The rachis is glabrous or balding, but has very small, densely seated stalked glands.
The male catkins are 22 to 30 cm long, the bracts are small at 1 mm. The flower stalk is 4 to 5 mm long. The ring of bracts and sepals usually consists of eight organs. There are 61 to 102 stamens .
The fruits stand on 8 cm long stems. The ripe fruit is large, spherical to pear-shaped, 4.3 to 4.5 cm wide and 4.7 to 4.8 cm long. It is bald, glossy greenish brown with showy white warts. The shell is thick. The nut inside it is reddish brown, almost spherical, slightly flattened, 3.4 to 4.5 cm thick and 3.2 to 4.2 cm long. It is strongly ribbed, with broad ribs that are flat on top. The furrows are relatively shallow. Only at the base of the nut are the furrows deep and the ribs sharp.
distribution
For a long time the species was only known from Central America, especially Guatemala and Honduras . However, their distribution area extends from southern Mexico to the mountainous regions of Colombia , Ecuador , Peru and Argentina .
In Central America, the species grows in wet and very wet forests, mostly on muddy, sandy or rocky soils, mostly on river banks from sea level to 700 m above sea level. In the more southern areas it grows more in the mountain regions.
use
The wood is used in a variety of ways: for example for furniture, light construction timber, interior cladding, turning work, musical instruments, parquet floors. The nuts are edible. The covers are used to dye leather.
supporting documents
- Wayne E. Manning: The Genus Juglans in Mexico and Central America . Journal of the Arnold Arboretum, Volume 38, 1957, pp. 121-150.
- CR Alvarado, CA Alvarado, OO Mendozo: Juglans olanchana Standl. & LO Williams . In: Tropical Tree Seed Manual. Part II - Species Descriptions . USDA Forest Service, 2003, pp. 287-288.
Web links
- Juglans olanchana inthe IUCN 2013 Red List of Threatened Species . Listed by: Nelson, C., 1998. Retrieved December 12, 2013.