Jules Marx

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jules Marx (born June 2, 1882 as Julius Marx in Frankfurt am Main , † May 8, 1944 in Sachsenhausen concentration camp ) was a German theater and variety theater operator and director.

Live and act

The banker's son Julius "Jules" Marx grew up in Frankfurt and from 1895 in Hamburg . In Berlin, Marx completed an apprenticeship at the Julius Bleichröder bank and settled in London in 1900 as a freshly qualified banker. In the years before the First World War he was also active on the London Stock Exchange .

Back in Germany since 1914, Marx switched from banking to show business six years later and opened his first entertainment establishment in Berlin at the end of September 1920, together with eight Jewish businessmen, with the Scala revue stage (capital of the GmbH : 150,000 RM ). Famous entertainers like the Spanish clown Charlie Rivel would later perform there. The businessman then acquired further theaters and variety shows in Berlin, Hamburg , Leipzig , Dortmund and Mannheim . For a time, Marx also acted as president of the international variety theater directors' association.

As a result of the takeover by the National Socialists and the general efforts to Aryanise, the main lender Dresdner Bank terminated its cooperation with Scala, which was then taken over by “non-Jews”. Marx had to flee Germany. Two years later, on 23 February 1935 the tax office Charlottenburg-East listed a still outstanding in a control profile Reichsfluchtsteuer on amounting to 65,025 RM. In the meantime, Marx had initially settled in Paris and opened the “Empire” variety theater there in 1937, which was closed again in June of the same year. Two months later, Marx founded a literary agency in Zurich together with the author and critic Bernhard Diebold of the Frankfurter Zeitung .

When the Second World War broke out in 1939, 57-year-old Marx, who was still wanted by the Berlin public prosecutor's office in his old homeland, was arrested by the French as an "enemy foreigner" and interned in the Gurs assembly camp. After the occupation of France by the Wehrmacht , Marx was extradited to the Gestapo in early 1943 , which in February of the same year transferred the Jews via Trier and Berlin to the Sachsenhausen concentration camp. Jules Marx died there 15 months later.

Private life

Jules Marx was married to Wilhelmine, b. Krull (born September 19, 1889). The couple lived at Luther-Straße 22/24 in Berlin-Charlottenburg until they escaped.

Honor

Since May 8, 2009, a stele on the Franz-Mehring-Platz 1 office building in Berlin-Friedrichshain has been commemorating the Volksvarieté Plaza, which opened at this location in 1929, and its founding director Jules Marx.

literature

  • Kay Less : Between the stage and the barracks. Lexicon of persecuted theater, film and music artists from 1933 to 1945 . With a foreword by Paul Spiegel . Metropol, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-938690-10-9 , p. 241.

Web links

Commons : Jules Marx  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ cf. Reichssteuerblatt Nr. 23 from April 23, 1935
  2. ↑ Berlin Public Prosecutor's Office file number 9 Ms 75000 RM StA Berlin 2 St and Ms 13/37
  3. ↑ Anonymous: Tax profiles and confiscation of assets . In: Official Gazette of the Reich Finance Administration . tape 17 , 1935, pp. 47 .
  4. ^ Franz-Mehring-Platz 1 in neue deutschland from May 29, 2012
personal data
SURNAME Marx, Jules
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Marx, Julius (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German theater and variety operator and director
DATE OF BIRTH June 2, 1882
PLACE OF BIRTH Frankfurt am Main
DATE OF DEATH May 8, 1944
Place of death Sachsenhausen concentration camp