Bernhard Diebold

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Bernhard Ludwig Diebold (born January 6, 1886 in Zurich as Bernhard Dreifus ; † August 9, 1945 ibid) was a Swiss dramaturge, literary and theater critic, author.

Life

Diebold was born as Bernhard Dreifus, officially took his mother's name after his parents' divorce in 1902 and studied law in Zurich from 1904 to 1906. He then went to Vienna, after a performance with Josef Kainz , to the drama school at the Burgtheater and then studied theater studies in Vienna, Berlin and Bern. He received his doctorate in 1912 in Bern with Max Herrmann with the topic: "The role subject in the German theater business of the 18th century" (1913). From 1913 to 1917 Diebold lived in Munich and worked as a dramaturge at the Schauspielhaus, where he also wrote his first theater reviews and reviews. In 1917 he went to Frankfurt to work as a features editor for the " Frankfurter Zeitung ". In 1921 his standard work “Anarchy in Drama” (4th edition 1928) was published. In 1928 he moved from Frankfurt to the Berlin editorial staff of the “Frankfurter Zeitung” and was one of the most respected theater critics of the Weimar Republic in the capital, alongside Alfred Kerr and Herbert Jhering , not only in the field of expressionist theater, but also in the still young field of film .

The study “Der Denkplayer Georg Kaiser ” (1924) was the adaptation of a chapter from “Anarchy in Drama”. In 1928 “The Wagner Case. A revision ”, based on a planned report on the Bayreuth Festival , and“ Habima . Hebrew Theater ”, an illustrated book that he edited with the photographers Nini and Carry Hess. In 1932 Diebold's last book published in Germany was published, “The Book of Good Works 1914-1918”, in which he collected reports from those affected by the First World War.

After the seizure of power by the Nazis in 1933, he praised in the Frankfurter Zeitung of Joseph Goebbels prompted restrictive cultural policies of the new rulers. Nevertheless, due to his Jewish denomination, he was banned from working in Germany at the beginning of 1934 and was also expelled from the Reichsschrifttumskammer in 1935 . He went back to his native Zurich in 1934. Here he worked for various newspapers as a theater critic, until 1937 as Switzerland correspondent for the “Frankfurter Zeitung”, but also for the “ NZZ ”, “ Die Tat ” and the “ Basler Nationalzeitung ”. In addition, together with Julius Marx, between 1935 and 1940 he set up the film material distributor THEMA. During these years he wrote the novel “Das Reich ohne Mitte”, which was published in 1938 by Emil Oprecht Verlag. The 840-page novel is a picture of the times of the twenties in Frankfurt and Berlin that has not yet been explored. In 1939 the prose volumes “The Last Grandfather” and “Italian Suite” appeared, the following year his last publication “The Immortal Sick”, an opera libretto based on Molière . Bernhard Diebold was married and had two sons. He died on August 9, 1945 after a brief illness in Zurich.

Works

  • The role subject in 18th century German theater. Leipzig and Hamburg, Verlag von Leopold Voss, 1913, (VIII), 166 pp. (Research on theater history, edited by Berthold Litzmann, Professor in Bonn, Vol. 25). Kraus reprint. Nendeln / Liechtenstein 1978.
  • Tragedy. In: Poets and the Stage. Master of the Opera. Literature and music history in separate issues for theater-goers. Published by the Volksbund in Frankfurt am Main. Augsburg, Stuttgart, Verlag Dr. Filser & Co. [1921], 16 p., 1st row: Wesen und Kind des Dramas, Vol. 1.
  • Anarchy in drama. Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurter Verlags = Anstalt AG (December 1920, pre-dated) 1921. 480 p. With five portraits Since the 2nd edition in 1922 (4th thousand, 480 p.) With the subtitle: "Criticism and representation of modern drama" . 3rd, extended edition 1925, Frankfurt / M., Frankfurter Verlagsanstalt, 462 pages [!]. With 16 picture additions. 4th, newly expanded edition, 1928, Berlin, H. Keller, 470 p. With 16 image additions [plates].
  • The thinker Georg Kaiser. Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurter Verlags-Anstalt A.-G., 1924, 144 pp.
  • Habima. Hebrew theater. 32 images. With an introduction by Bernhard Diebold. Berlin-Wilmersdorf, H. Keller, 1928, 18 pages, 32 plates. Photographs by N. and C. Hess.
  • The Wagner case. A revision. Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurter Societäts-Druckerei GmbH, 1928, 46 pp.
  • The book of good works 1914-1918. Compiled with a foreword and edited. by Bernhard Diebold. Frankfurt am Main, Societäts-Verlag, 1932, 346 (2) pp.
  • The empire without a center. Novel. Zurich, New York, Verlag Emil Oprecht, 1938, 844 (4) pp.
  • The last grandfather. A story. Zurich and Leipzig, Morgarten = Verlag, 1939, 294 pp.
  • Italian suite. Thoughtful stories of strange encounters. Illustrated by Charles Hug . Zurich, Swiss Book Friends, 1939, 238 pp. (13th Book of Swiss Book Friends). New edition 1950, ibid.
  • The immortal sick man. Comical opera in three acts and a prelude freely based on Molière. Music by Hans Haug . Sulgen, Switzerland 1940, Neuer Opern-Verlag Alfred H. Naeff.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Karl Kraus: The third Walpurgis night . Munich: Kösel, 1952, pp. 31–84. ISBN 3-518-37822-8 , online version
personal data
SURNAME Diebold, Bernhard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Diebold, Bernhard Ludwig (full name); Dreifus, Bernhard (birth name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss writer and dramaturge
DATE OF BIRTH January 6, 1886
PLACE OF BIRTH Zurich
DATE OF DEATH August 9, 1945
Place of death Zurich