Julian von Speyer

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Julian von Speyer , Latin Julianus Teutonicus or Alemannus , French Julien de Spire , (* in Speyer in the Palatinate ; † around 1250 in Paris in France ) was a medieval choir master , composer and poet from the order of the Franciscans . He is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church .

Life

Little is known about Julian's life overall, nothing about his early years apart from his place of birth. Julian studied at the University of Paris and became Kapellmeister at the court of the French kings Philip II and Louis VIII.

Around 1225 Julian joined the Franciscan Order (then also known as the Minorites) and lived in their convent in Paris. In 1227 he accompanied his friar Simon Angelicus to Germany, as he had been appointed provincial there. It is considered likely that Julian was also present at the entombment of Francis of Assisi in the Basilica of San Francesco in 1230 .

Julian became choirmaster and corrector mensae at the convent in Paris . Here he wrote several sacred works that were among the most important of his time and later led to his canonization . A Vita of Francis of Assisi ( Legenda S. Francisci ), a representation of the life of the holy founder of the order, was probably created between 1232 and 1235 . Between 1235 and 1240 a Vita of Antonius of Padua was created ( Vita ab auctore anonymo ), the authorship of which is not clear, but is most likely assigned to Julian. He also created two rhyming offices ; These are chants for the Liturgy of the Hours with a strict formal law and partly rhyming verses: The Officium S. Francisci was created between 1229 and 1235 ; Julian leaned on the work of Thomas von Celano and used some hymns by Pope Gregory IX. as well as the cardinals Rainer von Viterbo and Thomas von Capua . He wrote the second rhyming office Officium S. Antonii between 1241 and 1246. The art of rhyming offices reached its climax with Julian.

Julian died in Paris around 1250 (for a long time the date of death was wrongly assumed to be 1285). His feast day is February 9th .

Works

  • Officium S. Francisci (Rhyming Office, between 1229 and 1235)
  • Legenda S. Francisci (Vita S. Francisci, between 1232 and 1235, Life of St. Francis ISBN 3-87163-172-8 )
  • Vita ab auctore anonymo (Vita S. Antonii, between 1235 and 1240)
  • Officium S. Antonii (Rhyming Office, between 1241 and 1246)

literature

personal data
SURNAME Julian von Speyer
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Julianus Teutonicus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Choirmaster, composer and poet from the Franciscan order and saint
DATE OF BIRTH 12th century or 13th century
PLACE OF BIRTH Speyer
DATE OF DEATH around 1250
Place of death Paris