Julius Ritter (SS member)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Julius Ritter

Julius Ritter (* 1893 (?); † September 28, 1943 in Paris ) was an SS officer in World War II who headed the Service du travail obligatoire (STO) in France . The STO organized forced labor for French people in Germany. Ritter was killed in an assassination attempt in 1943 by mainly Jewish members of a communist resistance group .

Life

Julius Ritter was head of the Nuremberg branch of the Bavarian State Labor Office. He received his doctorate in 1932 with a dissertation on labor law at the University of Jena . Ritter joined the NSDAP and the SS in 1931 . In 1932 he was appointed Sturmführer (equivalent to lieutenant) and subsequently promoted regularly until he reached his highest rank of SS-Standartenführer in July 1942 , which corresponds to the rank of colonel .

Ritter at an address to say goodbye to a forced labor transport

In October 1942 he was appointed “Representative of the General Manager for Labor Deployment” in France, and was thus directly subordinate to Fritz Sauckel . Ritter should work closely with the French military commander (MBF), General von Stülpnagel . However, as tensions between the departments increased, Ritter set up his own territorial departments in the spring of 1943. In August 1943 Sauckel gave him overall responsibility for the work in France.

On the morning of September 28, 1943, a group of the resistance movement FTP-MOI ( Francs-tireurs et partisans - Main-d'œuvre immigrée ) shot Knight as he got into his car in front of his office on Rue Pétrarque in the 16th arrondissement . The group, to which Marcel Rayman , Celestino Alfonso, Spartaco Fontano and Arsene Tchakarian belonged, was under the orders of Missak Manouchian . In the aftermath of the attack, the reprisals in France were intensified by the HSSPF Carl Oberg on Himmler's instructions . Hostage shootings, which had been suspended in France since autumn 1942, were resumed. 50 hostages were selected from the Fort Romainville prison camp for the assassination and shot on October 5, 1943 near Mont Valérien . SS Brigade Leader Alfons Glatzel was appointed to succeed Ritter .

literature

  • Stéphane Courtois, Denis Peschanski and Adam Rayski: L'affiche rouge: Immigrants and Jews in the French Resistance , Translated from the French by Tom Wehmer. Schwarze-Risse-Verlag, Berlin 1994. ISBN 3-924737-22-3 .

Web links

Commons : Julius Ritter  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Julius Ritter: The appeal in labor court proceedings . Noske, Borna-Leipzig 1933. (1932 submitted as a dissertation to the law and economics faculty of the University of Jena.)
  2. ↑ NSDAP membership number 680323, accession on 1 November 1931. SS membership number 34491, accession on 1 December 1931st
  3. ^ Hans Umbreit: The military commander in France 1940 - 1944 . Boldt, Boppard 1968, pp. 320-331.
  4. ^ Susan Zuccotti : The Holocaust, the French, and the Jews . University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln 1999, pp. 270f. ISBN 0-80329914-1 .
  5. ↑ On the politics of the shooting of hostages: Serge Klarsfeld : Le livre des otages: la politique des otages menée par les autorités allemandes d'occupation en France de 1941 à 1943 . Les Éditeurs Français Réunis, Paris 1979. ISBN 2-201-01531-7 .
personal data
SURNAME Ritter, Julius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German SS officer, was shot dead by the Resistance in 1943 as a "representative for work in France"
DATE OF BIRTH 1893
DATE OF DEATH September 28, 1943
Place of death Paris