Junkers Jumo 211

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Junkers Jumo 211
Jumo 211F side.jpg
Junkers Jumo 211F
Type: Twelve-cylinder - V engine
Design country:

German Reich NSGerman Reich (Nazi era) German Empire

Manufacturer:

Junkers aircraft and engine plants

Production time:

1937-1944

Number of pieces:

68,248

The Junkers Jumo 211 was a liquid-cooled, twelve-cylinder engine - aircraft engine with direct fuel injection of the Junkers . With a displacement of 35 liters, it had a take-off power of up to 1500 hp.

From 1937 to 1944 a total of 68,248 engines of all versions were manufactured and used in the most important fighter aircraft of the German Air Force such as Junkers Ju 87 , Junkers Ju 88 and Heinkel He 111 . The Jumo 211 is thus the most popular German aircraft engine of the Second World War .

history

The Jumo 211 was a full-scale enlargement of the engine block and piston kinematics of the Junkers Jumo 210 and like this a V-engine with "hanging" cylinders ( crankshaft above). It was intended to achieve the goal set by the Reich Aviation Ministry (RLM) of creating an aircraft engine with 1000 hp and a mass of 500 kg. The magnification was performed using a pantograph from the design drawing of the Jumo 210. On account of the enlargement was called the Jumo 211 Junkers also 3 / 3 machine compared with the Jumo 210 2 / 3 machine.

The first test engine from 1935 still had a carburetor and developed 880 hp. The redesign to the gasoline direct injection developed by Junkers by August Lichte (1902–1978) did not take place until the end of 1936. Static runs, flight tests and type testing of the engine were not completed until the late summer of 1937. It was built in numerous versions from the late summer of 1937 until the production stop in August 1944. At this point in time, the more powerful successor Jumo 213 , which is now available in larger numbers, took its place. The Jumo 211 was manufactured in the Junkers factories in Magdeburg , Köthen , the Junkers subsidiaries Muldenwerke AG ( Muldenstein ) and Flugmotorenwerke Ostmark ( Wiener Neudorf ) as well as under license at the Mitteldeutsche Motorenwerke in Taucha and Pommersche Motorenbau GmbH, which are part of the Auto Union Group in Arnimswalde (today Załom ), a subsidiary of the Stoewer works in Stettin .

After the end of the war, the remaining stocks of the Jumo 211 delivered to Spain were still used in the CASA 2.111, a licensed version of the Heinkel He 111 . In the Czechoslovak Avia S-199 , the Jumo 211, which was still available in Czechoslovakia , were installed instead of the DB 605 .

The engines still in existence include two examples that come from a Heinkel He 111 H-6. The plane made an emergency landing on May 15, 1940 on the Swedish lake Sitasjaure . The engines are currently (2013 ) being restored in Falkenberg (Sweden).

variants

Jumo 211 production (1939)
Junkers Jumo 211F
Junkers Jumo 211D
  • Jumo 211 A
First series of embodiments 1937 1000 HP starting performance at 2200 min -1 , and two-speed loader , 0.615 kg / PS.
  • Jumo 211 B
Automatically switching two-gear loader, nominal height 5000 m. Take-off power 1200 hp at 2400 min −1 , 0.55 kg / hp.
  • Jumo 211 D
Like Jumo 211 B, but with a different propeller reduction . Starting power 1200 hp at 2400 min -1
  • Jumo 211 G, H
Like Jumo 211 B, D but with structural reinforcements in the engine block. Starting power 1200 hp at 2400 min -1
  • Jumo 211 F
Like Jumo 211 G but with improved charger, pressurized water cooling, higher speed; Nominal height 5300 m. Starting power 1340 hp at 2600 min -1 , 0.54 kg / PS.
  • Jumo 211 J.
A Jumo 211 F with intercooler , nominal height 4900 m. Starting power 1420 hp at 2600 min -1 , 0.51 kg / PS.
  • Jumo 211 N.
A Jumo 211 F with increased engine speed and boost pressure. Start Output 1450 hp at 2700 min -1 .
  • Jumo 211 P
A Jumo 211 N with charge air cooling. Starting power 1500 hp at 2700 min -1 .
  • Jumo 211 Q
Trial version of the 211 F with exhaust gas turbocharger for improved altitude performance.

Technical data Jumo 211 F

swell

  • Kyrill von Gersdorff, Kurt Grasmann: aircraft engines and jet engines. Bernard & Graefe Verlag, 1981, ISBN 3-7637-5272-2 .
  • Reinhard Müller: Junkers aircraft engines. AVIATIC Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-925505-79-2 .

See also

Web links

Commons : Junkers Jumo 211  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ FliegerRevue X, No. 44, p. 6
  2. ↑ He 111, WNr. 6830, 1H + DN on ktsorens.tihlde.org