Lime-loving felt sapling
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Lime-loving felt sapling ( Hygrocybe calciphila ) |
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| Arnold's |
The Kalkliebende, Kalkholde or Dirty Filz- Sapling ( Hygrocybe calciphila ) is a type of mushroom from the genus of the sapling . As the first-mentioned German trivial name suggests, the fungus only grows on lime-rich or base-saturated soils.
features
Macroscopic features
The 3 to 24 mm wide hat is initially hemispherical to convex, later more or less flattened and often has a slightly recessed center. The dry, finely flaky surface can be almost smooth in damp weather. The color spectrum ranges from scarlet to orange-red, the hat often has a narrow yellow border. After collecting, the fruiting bodies quickly pale yellow. The scales are colored like the skin of the hat, only from the north of Norway are different collections known with dark gray scales on the middle of the hat. In addition, the edge is often grooved through. The lamellae , which grow broadly on the stem and rarely run down a little, are often almost whitish when young, later yellowish or pale orange in color. The 2 to 4 cm long and 1.2 to 3 mm thick stem has a cylindrical or compressed shape and then usually has a longitudinal furrow. Sometimes it tapers downwards. The surface is dry and matt or slightly silky and shiny. The stem is orange or golden yellow in color. Both the smell and the taste are unspecific.
Microscopic features
The spore dimensions are 7.5 to 9 by 5 to 6 µm, the minima and maxima are 6 to 11 by 4.5 to 7 µm. The quotient of length and width is between 1.1 and 1.9, on average between 1.3 and 1.6. They are broadly elliptical in shape, sometimes almost round or elliptical. Constricted or miter-shaped spores such as those found in the Mennigroten Filz-Saftling are missing. For this, there are sterile hairs on the lamellar edges , as has also been observed on some of the fruiting bodies of the mennigroot felt sap. The basidia are predominantly 4-spore. The sub-regular lamellar trama contains cylindrical or slightly inflated elements with a length of up to 140, a maximum of 250 µm. As with the red felt sapling, the top layer of the hat is a trichoderm with more or less club-shaped end cells. Those are 30 to 95, rarely 120 µm long and 6 to 15 µm wide.
Species delimitation
In the past, the lime-loving felt juice was often confused with the red felted juice . However, this grows on acidic soils and has single-core spores, whereas the spores of the lime-loving felt sap have two cores.
ecology
The lime-loving felt sapling is probably widespread in Northern Europe, but its distribution is not well known. The species is considered rare, but it can also be overlooked. The fruiting bodies appear from July to October on poor grasslands, at the edges of roads in light forests and in deciduous bushland, always on calcareous or alkaline soils such as basalt or gypsum. Finds were from 1860 m above sea level. NN in the Alps up to 2300 m above sea level. NN reported in the Pyrenees .
In Central Europe, the species can be found on fully and semi- arid grasslands ( Xero and Mesobrometum, Koelerietum ), juniper heaths, limestone meadows, subcontinental steppe grasslands ( Festuco guestfalica societies ) and on south- exposed forest edges . The sapling occurs on more or less shallow and dry to moderately fresh soils. They consist of weak to strongly alkaline, base-rich, but low-nitrogen rendzines, pararendzines, brown and parabrown earths over lime, gypsum, marl, lime sand and basalt. The fruiting bodies appear in two bursts from June to July and from September to October.
distribution
The Kalkholde felt sap is found in North America (USA) and Europe. In Europe, the species was found in the south (Italy, Spain), west (England, France, Netherlands), in the middle (Germany, Austria, Switzerland) and in southern northern Europe (Denmark). However, it is believed that the species is wider and more dense.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b David Boertmann: The genus Hygrocybe . Fungi of Northern Europe, 2nd revised edition. Vol. 1. The Danish Mycological Society, 2010, ISBN 978-87-983581-7-6 .
- ↑ a b c German Josef Krieglsteiner (ed.), Andreas Gminder : Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 3: Mushrooms. Leaf mushrooms I. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3536-1 .
