Limestone epee wing

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Limestone epee wing
Systematics
Order : Sailor birds (Apodiformes)
Family : Hummingbirds (Trochilidae)
Tribe : Emeralds (Trochilini)
Genre : Epee wing ( Campylopterus )
Type : Limestone epee wing
Scientific name
Campylopterus calcirupicola
Lopes , Vasconcelos & Gonzaga , 2017

The limestone rapier wing ( Campylopterus calcirupicola ) is a species of bird in the hummingbird family (Trochilidae) that is endemic to Brazil . The species is monotypical .

features

The limestone epee wing is about 13.9 cm long and weighs about 6.1 g. It has a long, slightly curved beak. The upper side, the upper and lower wing-covers are shiny bronze-green, whereby the top of the head is slightly darker with a bronze-colored tint. There is a white spot behind the eye. The flight feathers are bluish black with a metallic sheen. The underside is light gray with the exception of the belly, which is whitish. The under tail coverts are light gray. With the rounded tail with ten control feathers , the central pair is shimmering bronze-green, the next ones are similar in color with a dark olive-gray spot at the end. The three outer pairs are shimmering bronze-green at the base followed by a narrow olive-gray band. Especially from the inner flags, a white tip stretches over the control springs. The iris is dark brown, the upper bill black, the lower bill greyish red with a black tip. Feet, toes and claws are black. Females and males are similar, with the female having a slightly longer beak.

Behavior and nutrition

The limestone sword wing draws its nectar and a. from the genera Sage , Justicia and Camptosema , from Spathodea campanulata , Carica papaya , Delonix regia , Inga laurina or Malvaviscus arboreus and bromeliads .

Reproduction

Little is known about the breeding biology of the limestone sword wing. No nest has yet been described. Males with increased gonadal activity were examined in May, July and September. Females with well-developed breeding spots were collected in June and December, data suggesting a longer breeding season.

distribution and habitat

The limestone sword wing occurs from Divinópolis de Goiás , via Coribe to Bocaiúva on both banks of the Rio São Francisco . It is also present in the valley of the Río Paraná . It moves at altitudes between 460 and 880 meters. Its preferred habitat is dry forest in limestone surroundings.

Hazard and protection

The limestone epee wing is currently not covered by the IUCN . In view of the various threats to which the habitat in which the species is endemic is exposed, the first descriptors suggest that it be considered as "endangered" ( vulnerable ) according to the IUCN criteria .

Etymology and history of research

The first description of the limestone sword blade was made in 2017 by Leonardo Esteves Lopes, Marcelo Ferreira de Vasconcelos & Luiz Pedreira Gonzaga under the scientific name Campylopterus calcirupicola . The type specimen was collected on June 6, 2007 at Montes Claros in Minas Gerais . In 1827 William Swainson introduced the new genus Campylopterus . This word is derived from the Greek »kampylos καμπύλος « for »curved, curved« and »-pteros, pteron πτερο « for »-fluted, wing«. The species name "calcirupicola" is a Latin word formation from "calx, calcis" for "lime, limestone", "rupes, rupis" for "stone" and "-cola, colere" for "residents, living".

After initially being viewed as a subspecies of the gray-breasted rapier wing , the South American Classification Committee now sees it as a distinct species.

literature

  • Leonardo Esteves Lopes, Marcelo Ferreira de Vasconcelos, Luiz Pedreira Gonzaga: A cryptic new species of hummingbird of the Campylopterus largipennis complex (Aves: Trochilidae) . In: Zootaka . tape 4268 , no. 1 , 2017, p. 1-33 , doi : 10.11646 / zootaxa.4268.1 ( pdfs.semanticscholar.org ).
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • William Swainson: On several Groups and Forms in Ornithology, no hitherto defined . In: The Zoological journal . tape 3 , no. 11 , 1827, pp. 343-363 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jochen Martens, Norbert Bahr: Documentation of new bird taxa, 13 - report for 2017 In: Vogelwarte 57, November 2019, pp. 151–171
  2. ^ IOC World Bird List Hummingbirds
  3. ↑ a b Leonardo Esteves Lopes u. a., p. 15.
  4. ↑ Leonardo Esteves Lopes et al. a., p. 18.
  5. ↑ a b c d Leonardo Esteves Lopes u. a., p. 19.
  6. ↑ Leonardo Esteves Lopes et al. a., p. 17.
  7. ^ William Swainson (1827), p. 358
  8. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 87
  9. ↑ Leonardo Esteves Lopes et al. a., p. 16.

Remarks

  1. ↑ He assigned the gray-breasted rapier wing ( Campylopterus largipennis ) and the red-tailed rapier wing ( Campylopterus falcatus ( Swainson , 1821)) to the new genus .