Hermsdorf lime works

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The lime works Hermsdorf was a lime - mine southwest of the Saxon community Hermsdorf in Osterzgebirge . The beginnings of limestone mining can be traced back to the 16th century. Funding was discontinued at the end of 2016.

history

The lime quarries and kilns southwest of Hermsdorf on a map by Hermann Oberreit (1821)

Limestone mining is documented for the first time in 1581; it is considered likely that limestone was extracted at the site before this point in time. In 1647 the first official lime kiln was built. In 1809 limestone was extracted in the Fiskalischer Bruch , the Blauen Bruch and the Waltherbruch .

In 1817 August Schumann mentions the lime works in the state, post and newspaper encyclopedia of Saxony concerning a. a .:

“The hallway of this large village of Hermsdorf is particularly remarkable because of the mighty limestone deposits and the lime kiln. The limestone on the whole of the Hermsdorf mark, but not, as it is called in other geographical works, in all of the Frauenstein districts , is a shelf , and no one is allowed to break or use limestone there on its property. There are five main fractions here, namely one on the Walter estate, one on the Liebscher estate, and 3 on the inherited estate. The finest white limestone is found in the one fraction on the Erbgerichte, which is operated by mining, and it is said to be almost like Carara's marble . On the Walterschen Gute, on which the most productive break is, variegated limestone is found, which would provide the most beautiful leaves for consoles and the like, if one wanted to overwhelm the waters and go deeper into the depths . Every year, at the time of the toboggan run, many raw limestones are moved far and wide, and it is not uncommon to come across around 200 teams there on a winter day.
With the hustle and bustle of agriculture, an extraordinary amount of quicklime is used for fertilization every year. Many landlords burn these raw limestones in their own small ovens, called Schneller, extinguish the limestone with water and then sprinkle it on the field.
Previously there were two lime distilleries in Hermsdorf, namely that of the office and that of the emperor there. 10 to 12,000 tons of lime were deposited on both of them annually. The latter was based on a granted concession until it was connected to the official lime distillery in 1809. The whole thing is under the direction of the renting officer zu Frauenstein . [...] The largest part of the limestone, lime and wood from the Nassau district is moved on the Freiberg Landstrasse that runs through here . "

The first shaft furnace was built in 1827, and in 1870 it was converted into a Rüdersdorfer furnace. 1839 was water drainage gallery for "fiscal break" and "Walther break" ascended . In 1880, starting from the "Fiskalischen Bruch", mining began in the tunnel operation , in 1891 the "Waltherbruch" was shut down, and in 1925 the tunnel operation began there too. In 1923 the 3 lime kilns that existed at that time were rebuilt and a ring kiln was also built - the ring kiln was shut down in 1965, the last kiln followed in 1986.

The "Kannelbahn" for transport to and from the map on a map from 1923

Between 1924 and 1972 the products were transported by cable car ("Kannelbahn") to Holzhau station on the Nossen – Moldau railway line .

The 2664-meter-long ropeway was built from 1923 by Adolf Bleichert & Co. , a company particularly active in cable car construction, and put into operation on January 19, 1924. The distance between the mine and the train station was bridged by 19 wooden masts, these masts were between 8 and 18½ meters high. The greatest free length was between mast 19 and the station at the station. There were more than 258 meters to be bridged. At the highest point of the track, near the dragon's head , the rope had a height of 799 meters.
In the gondolas 90 kg of lime could be transported to the train station and at the same time 60 kg of coal could be transported to the lime works. 71 gondolas could be loaded or unloaded in one hour. The speed was about 2 m / s. 50 tons of lime and 30 tons of coal were transported every day.

In 1990 the plant came to the "Erzgebirgischen Kalkwerke GmbH" based in Oberscheibe , the latter under the administration of the Treuhandanstalt . In 1992 it became part of the "GEOMIN Erzgebirgische Kalkwerke GmbH" based in Lengefeld . The company also operates the lime works in Lengefeld (cessation of production at the end of 2015) and in Hammerunterwiesenthal .

After the takeover by GEOMIN, the technical systems were modernized and expanded. From 2005 new deposit areas outside the central mine field were developed. The operating company GEOMIN announced in the summer of 2016 that production was to be discontinued at the end of 2016 due to the exhaustion of stocks. In 2013, around 60,000 tons of marble were mined in Hermsdorf, in 2015 it was around 30,000 tons. The existing processing plants at the site are to remain in operation and continue to process the marble extracted in Hammerunterwiesenthal. Backfilling and remediation work are ongoing.

use

From the beginning, the lime obtained here was used as fertilizer and building lime , and has also been preferred in the chemical, paint and varnish industries since the 20th century due to its purity. After the factory was acquired by "GEOMIN Erzgebirgische Kalkwerke GmbH", high-purity fillers for the construction chemistry, paint and chemical industry, as well as marble chippings and decorative gravel for gardening and landscaping were added to the product range.

literature

  • Egon Bellmann: The lime cable car between Hermsdorf (Ore Mountains) and Holzhau. In: Sächsische Heimatblätter . Vol. 36, Issue 3, 1990, ISSN  0486-8234 , pp. 126-128.
  • Karl Kutzsche, Joachim Börner: From the history of lime mining near Hermsdorf in the Ore Mountains. In: Sächsische Heimatblätter. Vol. 34, Issue 3, 1988, pp. 114-116.
  • Wolfgang Schilka: Hermsdorf lime works. In: Erzgebirgische Heimatblätter . Vol. 23, Issue 1, 2001, ISSN  0232-6078 , pp. 4-8.
  • Wolfgang Schilka: Hermsdorf / Erzgebirge deposit. In: Klaus Hoth, Norbert Krutský, Wolfgang Schilka: Marbles in the Erzgebirge (= mining in Saxony. Vol. 16). State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology - Oberbergamt, Freiberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-9812792-2-1 , pp. 189–201, ( PDF; 7.47 MB ).

Web links

Commons : Kalkwerk Hermsdorf  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c cf. Lime works Hermsdorf and nature reserve Gimmlitzwiesen - nature guide East Ore Mountains
  2. ↑ a b c Chronicle of the Hermsdorf site , accessed on March 23, 2011
  3. ↑ cf. Hermsdorf . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 4th volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1817, p. 13 f.
  4. ^ The GAG ​​forum - discussion and information forum on underground topics , accessed on June 25, 2011
  5. ^ From the end of an era , Sächsische Zeitung (Dippoldiswalde edition) of August 31, 2016

Coordinates: 50 ° 45 '10 "  N , 13 ° 37' 5.9"  E