Calcium silicate plate
| Calcium silicate board | |
|---|---|
 Covering for cable duct to maintain the functionality of the lines in the event of fire. |
|
| origin | |
| raw materials | Silicon dioxide and calcium oxide reinforced with cellulose |
| Primary energy consumption (production) | 2 kWh / m³ |
| Material properties | |
| Thermal conductivity λ | 0.053-0.07 W / (mK) |
| Specific heat capacity c | 1000 J / (kg K) |
| Bulk density ρ | 200-800 kg / m³ |
| Vapor diffusion resistance μ | 5-20 |
| commitment | |
| Areas of application | Mold control, fire protection and interior insulation |
| material costs | 15–80 € / m² |
The calcium silicate -Platte ( English silicate calcium , can also be found under the names calcium silicate board , Klimaplatte , indoor climate disk or residential Klimaplatte ) is a structural panel consisting of technical insulation and fire protection comes from.
It is a predominantly mineral building material that consists of silicon dioxide , calcium oxide , water glass and cellulose and is hardened with the help of water vapor, similar to aerated concrete , mineral foam insulation boards and sand-lime brick . The board is dimensionally stable, pressure-resistant, non-flammable, open to diffusion, alkaline and environmentally safe. Their ability to absorb, buffer and release moisture and their heat-insulating effect make them interesting for special applications in house construction.
application areas
- Mold control . This is one of the most commonly described uses.
- Internal insulation of external walls (especially half-timbered buildings, old buildings with historical facades)
- Clothing for structural fire protection
- High-temperature thermal insulation in industrial furnace and plant construction.
Advantages / disadvantages of using it as internal insulation for external walls
Advantages:
- Simple and quick processing.
- Humidity regulating effect with a positive effect on the room climate.
- Partial renovation (room by room) possible.
- No vapor barrier or vapor barrier necessary. Diffusion-open, breathable system.
- "Error-tolerant": Partial penetration of the plate ensures that water vapor is introduced, which is, however, buffered and released again due to the high capillarity .
- Building biologically advantageous: has a natural anti-mold effect due to its high pH value ; is easy to dispose of.
- Energy saving through the "warm wall" effect: the room temperature can be lowered by the higher surface temperature of the walls.
- Energy savings through good thermal insulation: less heat loss from the insulated wall.
- Rapid heating in winter, as the cold outer wall does not have to be "heated up", which is favorable for rooms that are only used temporarily.
Disadvantage:
- Due to the low heat storage capacity of the material, there is a risk of a “barrack climate” if other components such as interior walls and storey ceilings no longer have a thermal storage capacity.
- Higher thermal conductivity than other insulation materials such as PU foams, styrofoam, glass and mineral wool.
- Heavy objects must be anchored through the plates in the outer wall.
- Restriction when choosing the wall surface design: system components should be breathable and mold-resistant.
- High price due to the complex manufacturing process (is partly put into perspective by the simple processing).
processing
Similar to aerated concrete, the material can be sawed and drilled. Depending on the manufacturer and application, the panels are applied over the entire surface in a bond or using the point-and-bead method on mineral, gypsum-free substrates with a special adhesive. Attaching with lumps of adhesive carries the risk of rear ventilation if the wall connections are not carefully sealed and should therefore be avoided. Whenever possible, full-surface gluing with a notched trowel should be used, as on the one hand the capillarity of the panel is fully emphasized and on the other hand ventilation is reliably excluded. The joints, which are to be made as narrow as possible, must either be provided with adhesive or smoothed out with a lime cement smooth. The surface can then be smoothed with lime cement smooth or provided with a mineral plaster. As is customary with interior insulation, thermal bridges must be treated with insulation wedges or other suitable measures. Subsequently, in order not to impair the effect of the panel, the surface must not be provided with diffusion-blocking coatings over a large area (e.g. like multiple paint coats on woodchip wallpaper ). A silicate paint is generally recommended as a coating , and light paper wallpapers can also be applied.
In the case of half-timbered buildings, the panels can be glued to the interior walls with clay mortar.
When cladding components for the purpose of fire protection, the possibility of screwing the panels together simplifies assembly considerably.
Use as internal insulation for external walls
Internal insulation is only the second best solution compared to external insulation. It requires careful processing and thermal bridges must be taken into account.
The calcium silicate board is relatively expensive, its distribution is not very widespread. In the area of interior insulation, it is in competition with the cheaper wood fiber insulation board , which requires several work steps and higher technical know-how to be laid, and the mineral foam insulation board , whose capillarity is not as high, but which has a better insulation effect.
It should be noted in connection with the Energy Saving Ordinance (EnEV): With interior insulation, the U-value required by the EnEV (2009) for the thermal insulation of exterior walls in old buildings is difficult to achieve in practice with diffusion-open building materials, as the insulation layer thickness on the interior wall Would be 10 cm or more. With an insulation layer thickness of 5 cm, values of 0.6-0.7 can be achieved (see links).
Concerning the problem of condensation water formation: The application of internal insulation always means that the component layers lying outside the internal insulation become colder. Particularly in winter, this could lead to the dew point falling below the dew point at the transition between the interior insulation and the exterior wall, followed by the formation of mold if sufficient drying is no longer possible. Scientific studies on this have shown that this is not to be feared when using calcium silicate panels. The Glaser method , which has so far mainly been used to estimate the formation of condensation , leads to unrealistically high values for capillary-active insulation, as it does not take into account the good moisture release and the dynamic processes within the wall.
Technical specifications
- Diffusion - equivalent air layer thickness ( sd value ) for a 5 cm plate = µ × 0.05 = 0.25–1 m
- Water absorption coefficient ( w-value ):
- Compressive strength : 0.5-1.5 N / mm²
- DIN EN 14306
Web links
- TU Dresden Scientific calculation bases for hygroscopic building materials
- FIZ Karlsruhe : PDF document for the investigation by the TU Dresden on the use of calcium silicate panels as interior insulation in listed buildings and half-timbered houses.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Flyer ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 152 kB) from gutebaustoffe.de. See also database entry ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b Compilation with table ( memento of the original from June 28, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. from pbschober.at
- ↑ a b overview table from mineralwolle.de
