Energy Saving Ordinance

Basic data
Title:	Ordinance on energy-saving thermal insulation and energy-saving systems engineering for buildings
Short title:	Energy Saving Ordinance
Abbreviation:	EnEV
Type:	Federal Ordinance
Scope:	Federal Republic of Germany
Legal matter:	Commercial administrative law , construction law , environmental law
References :	754-4-10
Original version from:	November 16, 2001 ( BGBl. I p. 3085 )
Entry into force on:	February 1, 2002
Last revision from:	July 24, 2007 ( BGBl. I p. 1519 )
Entry into force of the new version on:	October 1, 2007
Last change by:	Art. 257 Regulation of June 19, 2020 ( Federal Law Gazette I p. 1328, 1358 )
Effective date of the last change:	June 27, 2020 (Art. 361 of June 19, 2020)
Expiry:	November 1, 2020 Art. 10 G of August 8, 2020 ( Federal Law Gazette I p. 1728, 1794 )
Weblink:	Text of the regulation
Please note the note on the applicable legal version.

The Energy Saving Ordinance ( EnEV ) is part of German commercial administrative law . The legislature writes it on the legal basis of the authorization by the Energy Saving Act (EnEG) builders civil engineering standard requirements for efficient operation energy needs of their building or construction project before. The EnEV applies to residential buildings , office buildings and certain operational buildings , while others are excluded. The Energy Saving Ordinance is being replaced by the Building Energy Act.

background

The Energy Saving Ordinance is an important instrument of German energy and climate protection policy. The EnEV is intended to "help achieve the federal government's energy policy goals, in particular an almost climate-neutral building stock by the year 2050".

history

The Energy Saving Ordinance replaced the Thermal Insulation Ordinance (WSchV) and the Heating Systems Ordinance (HeizAnlV) and summarized them.

The first version came into force on February 1, 2002, the second version (EnEV 2004) 2004. To implement Directive 2002/91 / EC on the overall energy efficiency of buildings, a new version was drawn up that was valid from October 1, 2007.

The last major amendment from 2013 implements Directive 2010/31 / EU on the overall energy efficiency of buildings (new version) and Directive 2012/27 / EU on energy efficiency with effect from May 1, 2014. The new version of the EnEV was announced in November 2013 (rarely also called EnEV 2013). Large parts of the ordinance came into force on May 1, 2014. The ordinance is therefore often also called EnEV 2014. The requirements changes that have been in effect since January 1, 2016 are occasionally described under the term EnEV 2016 or EnEV 2014 with changes from 2016. However, in all three cases it is the same version of the 2013 regulation.

Principles of the EnEV

The merging of the Heating Systems Ordinance and the Thermal Insulation Ordinance into a joint ordinance expanded the previous accounting framework in two ways:

• On the one hand, with the inclusion of the system technology in the energy balance , the losses resulting from the generation, distribution, storage and transfer of the heat are also taken into account. As a result, the useful energy made available to the room is no longer relevant, but the final energy transferred at the building boundary.
• On the other hand, this energy requirement is assessed in terms of primary energy, in that the losses resulting from the extraction, conversion and transport of the respective energy carrier are taken into account in the energy balance of the building using a primary energy factor . This brings it much closer to an ecological balance sheet.

This extended framework makes it possible to offset the system technology factor and the structural thermal insulation factor to a certain extent in the overall balance of a building, i.e. to compensate for poor thermal insulation with an efficient heating system or vice versa. The main requirement for new buildings in the EnEV is the annual primary energy requirement compared to a reference building of the same geometry and dimensions and specified technical properties. In addition, a limit value depending on the building type for the transmission heat loss related to the heat-transferring surrounding area must be observed .

For the first time, the EnEV also sets requirements for thermal insulation in summer and enables solar heat gains to be taken into account .

scope

The regulation applies in Germany

• for buildings with normal indoor temperatures (buildings which, depending on their purpose, are heated to an indoor temperature of 19  ° C and for more than four months a year, as well as for residential buildings that are used entirely or significantly predominantly for living)
• for buildings with low internal temperatures (buildings which, depending on their purpose, are heated to an internal temperature of more than 12 ° C and less than 19 ° C and more than four months annually) including their heating, ventilation and domestic hot water systems.

Distinctions as to the extent to which certain requirements should only apply to new buildings, only to existing buildings or to both are made in the corresponding sections and in the respective regulations.

The EnEV does not apply to:

• Buildings that are heated or cooled without the use of energy.
• Buildings that are under monument protection if an exception is made by the responsible state authority.
• Business buildings that are mainly used for animal husbandry
• Large-scale company buildings that have to be kept open for a long time
• underground structures
• Spaces used for growing and selling plants ( greenhouses, etc.)
• Air domes , tents and similar buildings that have to be repeatedly erected and dismantled.
• Buildings that do not fall under the above parameters, e.g. B. if they are heated for less than 4 months per year
• Use of energy for production processes in buildings

Calculation method of the EnEV

Whether and how proof must be provided according to the EnEV depends, among other things. a. depends on whether a new building is to be constructed or an existing one is to be modified.

• For new buildings with normal indoor temperatures (> 19 ° C) compliance with the maximum values ​​of the annual primary energy demand as well as the specific transmission heat loss specified in Appendix 1, Table 1 of the EnEV must be proven.
• For new buildings with low internal temperatures (<19 ° C) or small building volumes (<100 m³), ​​lower requirements and simplified verification procedures apply.
• In the context of summer heat protection, the observance of solar input parameters or the overtemperature degree hours must be proven in new buildings.
• For changes in existing buildings ( old buildings ) - depending on the scope of the measures - either the required heat transfer coefficients ( U-values ) must be observed (component method) or evidence of the annual primary energy requirement of the entire building (balance method); it can be up to 40% above the annual primary energy demand of the reference building.
• If the heated usable area is expanded by more than 50 m² and a new heating system is installed, the requirements for new buildings apply to the new part of the building.

The EnEV contains many static references to existing EN / DIN standards with regard to the applicable technical rules . This means that the respective standards are cited with their date of issue and thus indirectly become part of the EnEV. This ensures that changing a standard does not automatically change the requirement level of the EnEV.

Since the calculation methods of the EnEV since the first Thermal Insulation Ordinance of 1977 have grown to several hundred pages of standards for the evaluation methods, the EnEV-easy method was developed. This should help to reduce the complexity of the regulations and still comply with EnEV and EEWärmeG .

Primary energy demand

In addition to the final energy requirement for heating and hot water , the primary energy requirement also takes into account the losses that arise from the extraction of the energy source at its source, through processing and transport to the building and its distribution and storage in the building.

In Germany, the EnEV describes the primary energy requirement in residential buildings as follows using the system expenditure figure , the heating requirement and the drinking water heating requirement : ${\displaystyle Q_{p}}$ ${\displaystyle e_{p}}$ ${\displaystyle Q_{h}}$ ${\displaystyle Q_{w}}$

${\displaystyle Q_{p}=e_{p}\cdot (Q_{h}+Q_{w})}$

Among other things, the primary energy factor is included in the system expenditure figure . ${\displaystyle e_{p}}$

The primary energy demand in relation to the usable building area per year Q _{p "} (usually given in kWh / ( m² · a )) results analogously .

Final energy demand

The final energy requirement is the calculated amount of energy that is required under average climate conditions throughout Germany to cover the heating requirement and the drinking water heating requirement including the losses of the system technology. How big this amount of energy actually is depends on the living habits of the building users and the respective local climatic conditions. Conclusions about the energy-related quality of a building are also possible based on the documented electricity, oil, gas, wood or coal consumption.

The EnEV describes the relationship between primary energy demand, final energy demand , primary energy factor and conversion factor for final energy as follows: ${\displaystyle Q_{P}}$ ${\displaystyle Q_{E}}$ ${\displaystyle f_{P}}$ ${\displaystyle f_{U}}$

${\displaystyle \,Q_{P}=\sum (Q_{E}\cdot f_{P}\cdot f_{U})}$

The conversion factor includes the ratio of the lower calorific value to the upper calorific value of the fuels used. ${\displaystyle f_{U}}$

Heating requirement / DHW heating requirement

The heating requirement is the calculated amount of energy that z. B. is given by radiators to a heated room. According to the Energy Saving Ordinance, the low-energy house standard with a specific heating requirement of 40–70 kWh / (m² · a) is required for newly built houses .

The drinking water heat demand is the amount of energy that has to be added to the drinking water for heating. Losses in energy conversion (e.g. losses from the boiler), distribution and other technical losses are not included. In some procedures, it is set at a flat rate of 12.5 kWh / (m² · a). This corresponds to a requirement of 23 l / person / day. The reference variable for the area is not the living space, but the building area .

The EnEV 2007

On July 24, 2007, the Federal Cabinet passed an amended Energy Saving Ordinance ( Federal Law Gazette I p. 1519 ). The new version came into force on October 1, 2007. Many of the provisions of the previous ordinance were adopted unchanged; only a few slightly changed in details. This applies in particular to the requirements for residential buildings and the procedure for assessing the energetic quality of residential buildings. The requirements for heating boilers and the retrofitting obligations also remained unchanged.

The following aspects of the new regulation have been changed significantly compared to the regulations described above or have been added:

• Requirements for non-residential buildings
• Procedure for the energetic evaluation of non-residential buildings
• Consideration of alternative energy supply systems
• Consideration of the summer heat protection
• Energetic inspection of air conditioning systems
• Energy certificates for existing buildings

The EnEV 2009

The ordinance in the version of Article 1 of the ordinance of April 29, 2009 ( Federal Law Gazette I, p. 954 ) is colloquially referred to as EnEV 2009. As a result of the changes to the Energy Saving and Heating Costs Ordinance, the resolutions on the Integrated Energy and Climate Program ( IEKP ) are now largely implemented. The aim is to reduce the energy, heating and hot water consumption by around 30%. From 2012, the energy requirements are to be tightened by up to 30% in a further step.

The accounting method of DIN V 18599 is also extended to residential buildings, but in a simplified version. The previous simplified verification procedure is abandoned, as is the formulation of maximum values ​​with regard to the ratio (A / V). New reference values ​​have been set for the building envelope . The requirements for retrofitting existing buildings have also been revised .

The changes to the EnEV 2009 at a glance:

• The upper limit of the permissible annual primary energy requirement was reduced by an average of 30% for new and old buildings (in the case of modernization).
• The energy requirements for thermal insulation in new buildings have increased by an average of 15%.
• In the modernization of the old building with significant structural changes to components (facade, windows and roof), the energy requirement was increased by 30%. A relief only applies “if the area of ​​the modified component does not affect more than 10 out of a hundred of the total component area of ​​the building” ( Section 9 (3) EnEV). This means that if more than 10% of a building (measured on the entire building) is changed, the EnEV 2009 applies. Previously, the minimal limit was up to 20% of a building based on the orientation / direction of the corresponding building.
• Attics must have thermal insulation by the end of 2011. Depending on the use of the room, the floor ceiling or roof insulation can be selected. There is an obligation to retrofit with a new acquisition. For owners of single and two-family houses, the exemption still exists if the owner was already living in his house on February 1, 2002.
• Air conditioning systems that change the humidity of the room air must be retrofitted with an automatic control for humidification and dehumidification.
• Night storage heaters that are 30 years or older must be replaced by more efficient heaters by January 1, 2020. This applies in particular to residential buildings with at least six residential units and non-residential buildings with more than 500 square meters of floor space. Buildings that are built according to the requirements of the 1995 Thermal Insulation Ordinance or if the replacement would be uneconomical are excluded. The same applies in buildings in which the use of electrical storage heating systems is prescribed by public law.
• The implementation of the ordinance is being scrutinized more strictly. Certain tests are assigned to the chimney sweep and evidence is introduced when certain work has been carried out in the building stock ( company declarations ).
• Uniform rules on fines for violations of central EnEV regulations are introduced. Violations of certain new and old building requirements of the EnEV and the provision and use of incorrect data in the energy certificate will be punished as an administrative offense.

The EnEV 2013

On October 16, 2013, the federal government decided to amend the Energy Saving Ordinance with the amendments to the Federal Council resolution of October 11, 2013. The changes were announced in the Federal Law Gazette on November 21, 2013. Most of the changes came into force on May 1, 2014. This amendment to the EnEV is sometimes referred to with different dates. Due to the decision of the amendment in 2013, it is sometimes referred to as EnEV 2013, when the version came into force in 2014 it is mostly referred to as EnEV 2014. The requirements changes that came into force on January 1, 2016 are occasionally described under the term EnEV 2016 or EnEV 2014 with changes from 2016. However, in all three cases it is the same version of the 2013 regulation.

The revision of the Energy Saving Ordinance has its real origin in the Kyoto Protocol of 1997 and the associated goal of the federal government to achieve an almost climate-neutral building stock by 2050 . The content of the current decision is based on the EU directive on the overall energy efficiency of buildings (2010/31 / EU). The EU directive actually stipulates that the state regulation will come into force by January 9, 2013. This appointment could not be kept.

As a verification procedure, DIN 4108 should be completely replaced by DIN V 18599 in residential buildings . In the approved version of the EnEV, the verification procedure of DIN 4108 with DIN 4701-10 for residential buildings remains valid. With the so-called model building procedure, a simplified third “verification” procedure is even introduced.

The main changes include:

• Boilers that are more than 30 years old may no longer be operated. Exceptions concern z. B. One- and two-family houses that were occupied by the (current) owner on February 1st, 2002, or low-temperature and condensing boilers.
• In the case of the insulation requirement for the top floor ceiling, DIN 4108-2: 2013-02 is used instead of the description "uninsulated" and the obligation by when has to be fulfilled has been changed, it now says "must ensure that [. ..] are so insulated after December 31, 2015 ". The reduced requirement for the amount of additional insulation ("0.30 watt / (m² • K)") for buildings with no more than two apartments is not applicable, for these also "0.24 watt / (m² • K)" applies
• Tightening of the requirements for the primary energy demand of new buildings (residential and non-residential buildings) in one step by 25% since January 1, 2016. Additional tightening of the component-related maximum values ​​for the heat transfer coefficient for non-residential buildings by approx. 20 percent.
• No increase in the requirements for the renovation of buildings .
• Obligation of the federal states to carry out random checks of the energy certificates , compliance with the EnEV new building requirements and the reports on the inspection of air conditioning systems.
• Model building method. Additional simplified verification procedure for residential buildings (tied to strict criteria).

Table of efficiency class EnEV 2013

• The most important changes to the energy certificate are: Rescaling with information on energy efficiency classes in the belt speedometer. Obligation to submit documents for rentals and sales, including mandatory information on energy efficiency in real estate advertisements. If no valid energy certificate is available at the time the advertisement is placed (this means advertisements in commercial media of any kind), then the information in accordance with EnEV 2014 not be listed in the advertisement. A valid ID must be presented at the latest at the viewing appointment and handed over after the contract has been concluded. The seller or the landlord is responsible for compliance with the obligation. In the case of residential buildings, these mandatory details are:

  a) the type of energy certificate (energy requirement certificate or energy consumption certificate),

  b) the final energy requirement or final energy consumption value for the building stated in the energy pass,

  c) the essential energy sources for heating the building named in the energy pass,

  d) the year of construction stated in the energy certificate and

  e) the energy efficiency class specified in the energy pass.

• The introduction of fines for violating the EnEV up to € 50,000.

The replacement requirement of the EnEV 2013 only affects a few outdated heat generators. Around 11 million low-temperature heating systems are not subject to the replacement obligation, but they are also not state-of-the-art. The Federal Association for Renewable Energy therefore criticized the EnEV as "ineffective".

literature

• The EnEV 2014. In: Deutsche Bauzeitschrift No. 1–2 / 2014, pp. 62–65

Web links

• Text of the Energy Saving Ordinance (current version)
• Synopsis of the changes and texts of the EnEV 2007, 2009 and 2013
• EnEV 2004 (valid until October 1st, 2007)
• Initiative "Against the destruction of historical facades through thermal insulation" (Stadt.Bild.Berlin: Building Culture and Monument Preservation in the German Capital)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Energy Saving Act .
2. ↑ ENEV-online.com , Section 1 Paragraph 3 Exceptions, accessed November 12, 2015
3. ^ German Bundestag accessed on June 23, 2020
4. ↑ Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety : Climate Policy Instruments. As of April 9, 2014. Accessed March 26, 2015.
5. ^ Ministry for the Environment, Climate and Energy Baden-Württemberg : Energy Saving Ordinance (EnEV) . Retrieved March 26, 2015.
6. ↑ Ordinance on energy-saving thermal protection and energy-saving system technology in buildings (Energy Saving Ordinance - EnEV) § 1 Purpose and scope. Retrieved March 26, 2015.
7. ↑ Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety: New Energy Saving Ordinance brings more transparency and higher climate protection standards. Joint press release with the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy. Berlin, April 29, 2014. Retrieved March 26, 2015.
8. ↑ Energy Saving Ordinance (EnEV) . Website of the ASUE Working Group for Economical and Environmentally Friendly Energy Consumption. Accessed on October 10, 2014.
9. ↑ EnEV 2009 - Which EnEV version applies to building projects? . Website of the Institute for Energy-Efficient Architecture with Internet Media. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
10. ↑ § 24 EnEV
11. ↑ http://www.denkmalpflege-forum.de/Download/Nr25.pdf .
12. ↑ Second ordinance amending the Energy Saving Ordinance of November 18, 2013 ( BGBl. I p. 3951 )
13. ^ Synopsis of the changes EnEV 2009 on EnEV 2013 Buzer.de. Retrieved June 21, 2019.
14. ↑ [1]
15. ↑ press release

Please note the information on legal issues!