Capuchin monastery Salzburg
The Kapuzinerkloster Salzburg is located on the Kapuzinerberg in Salzburg in Austria .
In response to the Reformation, Prince Archbishop Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau brought the Capuchins to Salzburg as the second mendicant order after the Franciscans in 1596 . It was precisely the simple manner of the Capuchins, which came to meet the evangelical spirit, that should lead the citizens back to the Catholic Church. Like the Nonnberg monastery over the old town, the Capuchin monastery towers over the new town .
The complex of the Capuchin monastery and church, St. Bonaventura, Trompeterschlössl and Mauern are listed buildings and are part of the UNESCO World Heritage Historic Center of the City of Salzburg .
History of the monastery
The Trompeterschlössl previously stood on the site of the church .
The monastery was enlarged for the first time in 1620. In 1668 the monastery had become a study monastery of the order in addition to Bozen and Innsbruck . Therefore it had to be expanded again in 1690 and now partially reached directly up to the strong bastion wall. Since then, the monastery has had two small inner courtyards divided by a low cross corridor. The monastery had already received its present form. In the course of the centuries the religious remained independent of the sovereign and bishop, they were subordinate only to the Pope.
Prince Archbishop Hieronymus von Colloredo was no friend of the mendicant orders. After internal tensions, he divided the old Capuchin order province Tyrol-Salzburg and expelled the Tyrolean friars. In 1810/11 the monastery was confiscated by the French, the monastery garden was demonstratively misused as a horse pasture. In 1813 the friars had to move to the Franciscan monastery for another 13 weeks because the Bavarians were now occupying the monastery. The time of National Socialism was to be even worse . In 1939 the monastery and church were expropriated. It should be torn down to make room for the planned gigantic Gauforum. During this time, the friars stayed mostly in Maria Plain. The monastery garden was temporarily opened to the general public. After the return of the friars in 1945, the church was inhabited by refugees for a long time. The monastery building became more and more neglected, which greatly disrupted religious life. The last major renovation of the monastery took place in 1980–1983. At that time the old Engelsbrunnen cistern and old arched portals of the Trompeterschlössl were rediscovered and restored as jewels of the monastery. Today, as a novitiate, the monastery is an important training center for the Capuchins for the entire German-speaking area (since 1998).
During his three-day visit to Salzburg in 1988, Pope John Paul II lived in the monastery.
The monastery church
The monastery church on Kapuzinerberg was consecrated in 1602. The church is dedicated to St. Francis of Assisi and St. John Bonaventure . The well-known ten relief representations that adorn the oak wood door of the monastery church and were made around 1450 probably come from the old Romanesque cathedral.
The monastery garden
After 1600, the Capuchins initially lacked a flower and vegetable garden, as was and is always important for the disciples of St. Francis. Wolf Dietrich had therefore bought from the bourgeois bookkeeper Jakob Mayr in 1607 and gave it to the Capuchins. Saint Francis had a particularly close relationship with nature. Previously, the monastery garden was primarily a vegetable and medicinal herb garden , but for the Capuchins it became a multi-layered ornamental garden. He gives the brothers leisure for MEDITATIO and CONTEMPLATIO.
literature
- Reinhard Medicus: About the Capuchin monastery and garden, the Franziskuskapelle and St. John's Church. In: Bastei. Journal for the preservation and care of buildings, culture and society. 56th year, 2nd episode, June 2007.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.kirchen.net/rupertusblatt/Default.asp?sec=23&menuopt=archiv&apid=6681
- ↑ Monastery Church of St. Bonaventure . In: Salzburger Nachrichten: Salzburgwiki .
- ↑ More about us, history of our house at kapuziner.at accessed on December 2, 2018
Coordinates: 47 ° 48 ′ 6.7 ″ N , 13 ° 2 ′ 48.4 ″ E