Karakul (Tajikistan)

Karakul ; Kara-Kul
Geographical location	Mountain Badakhshan ( Tajikistan )
Tributaries	Karajilga, Karart, Akdschilga, Muskol
Drain	drainless
Places on the shore	Karaart
Location close to the shore	Kashgar
	Data
Coordinates	39 ° 1 ′ N , 73 ° 23 ′ E Coordinates: 39 ° 1 ′ N , 73 ° 23 ′ E
Altitude above sea level	4020 m
surface	380 km²
Maximum depth	230 m
	Satellite image

The Karakul or Kara-Kul (German: "Black Lake") is a lake in eastern Tajikistan ( Central Asia ) in the autonomous province of Berg-Badachschan .

geography

The approx. 380 km² large, drainless end lake is located in the highlands of the Pamir .

There it is located south of the Transalai about 15 km west of the border with the Chinese autonomous region of Xinjiang and about 225 km (each as the crow flies ) west of the Chinese city of Kashgar at an altitude of 4020 m . The Kara-Kul is surrounded by numerous very high mountains. From the north it can be reached via the Kyzyl Art Pass ( 4270 m ) on the Pamir Highway . Karaart lies on its east bank .

A large peninsula , which extends from the south coast towards the north, and an island that adjoins it to the north or is located south of the north bank, divide the lake into two unequally large basins, the smaller and the eastern, which is only 19 m deep, and the larger or western one, which has a depth of 230 m. The average depth is 112 m.

The lake has several tributaries (the main ones Karadschilga , Karart , Akdschilga and Muskol ) but because he no outlet located in a large basin located.

ecology

Due to the lack of runoff, the lake water has a salt content of approx. 10 g / l and is therefore classified as brackish water . The water temperature is up to 13 ° C in summer, the pH value of the water is between 7.3 and 8.0.

The only species of fish in the Karakul Lake is the Karakul brook loach ( Noemacheilus lacusnigri ), which can grow up to 5.2 cm. It also inhabits the tributaries of the lake. There is no fishing.

The lake is listed as an important bird area in the Ramsar List .

Cenozoic rift system

Once the area around the Karakul Lake was in 1932 mapped as grave structural scientists discussed whether it is one of a later meteorite created impact craters could act. Its age has been estimated to be five million years. However, recent studies show that it actually is a caused by extension movements tectonic ditch is. The trench system is currently located in a NW-SE directional transtensional expansion

Web links

Commons : Karakul - collection of images, videos and audio files

Earth Impact Database: Kara-Kul

Individual evidence

↑ Ergashev, AL (1979): The origin and typology of the central asian lakes and their algal flora. International Review of the Entire Hydrobiology, No. 65, 629-642.
↑ Mischke, S. et al. (2010): Modern hydrology and late Holocene history of Lake Karakul, eastern Pamirs (Tajikistan): A reconnaissance study. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, No. 289, 10-24.
↑ Petr., T. (1999): Fisk and Fisheries at higher Altitudes: Asia. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. No. 385. Rome, FAO. 1999. 304
^ The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance (PDF)
↑ Ludwig Nöth: Geological investigations in the northwest Pamir area and central Transalai . Ed .: D. Reimer, E. Vohsen. Berlin 1932, p. 204pp .
^ EP Gurov, HP Gurova, RB Rakitskaya, A. Yu. Yamnichenko: The Karakul Depression in Pamirs-The First Impact Structure in Central Asia . In: Abstracts of the 24th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference . 1993, p. 591 .
↑ Kara-Kul . Earth Impact Database, Planetary and Space Science Center (PASSC), University of New Brunswick, Canada. Archived from the original on November 15, 2010. Retrieved January 7, 2011.
^ William H. Amidon, Scott A. Hynek: Exhumational history of the north central Pamir: PAMIR EXHUMATION . In: Tectonics . tape 29 , no. 5 , October 2010, p. n / a – n / a , doi : 10.1029 / 2009TC002589 ( wiley.com [accessed June 19, 2020]).
^ MR Strecker, W. Frisch, MW Hamburger, L. Ratschbacher, S. Semiletkin: Quaternary deformation in the Eastern Pamirs, Tadzhikistan and Kyrgyzstan . In: Tectonics . tape 14 , no. 5 , October 1995, p. 1061-1079 , doi : 10.1029 / 95TC00927 ( wiley.com [accessed June 19, 2020]).

[1] Ergashev, AL (1979): The origin and typology of the central asian lakes and their algal flora. International Review of the Entire Hydrobiology, No. 65, 629-642.

[2] Mischke, S. et al. (2010): Modern hydrology and late Holocene history of Lake Karakul, eastern Pamirs (Tajikistan): A reconnaissance study. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, No. 289, 10-24.

[3] Petr., T. (1999): Fisk and Fisheries at higher Altitudes: Asia. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. No. 385. Rome, FAO. 1999. 304

[ramsar-4] The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance (PDF)

[5] Ludwig Nöth: Geological investigations in the northwest Pamir area and central Transalai . Ed .: D. Reimer, E. Vohsen. Berlin 1932, p. 204pp .

[6] EP Gurov, HP Gurova, RB Rakitskaya, A. Yu. Yamnichenko: The Karakul Depression in Pamirs-The First Impact Structure in Central Asia . In: Abstracts of the 24th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference . 1993, p. 591 .

[7] Kara-Kul . Earth Impact Database, Planetary and Space Science Center (PASSC), University of New Brunswick, Canada. Archived from the original on November 15, 2010. Retrieved January 7, 2011.

[8] William H. Amidon, Scott A. Hynek: Exhumational history of the north central Pamir: PAMIR EXHUMATION . In: Tectonics . tape 29 , no. 5 , October 2010, p. n / a – n / a , doi : 10.1029 / 2009TC002589 ( wiley.com [accessed June 19, 2020]).

[9] MR Strecker, W. Frisch, MW Hamburger, L. Ratschbacher, S. Semiletkin: Quaternary deformation in the Eastern Pamirs, Tadzhikistan and Kyrgyzstan . In: Tectonics . tape 14 , no. 5 , October 1995, p. 1061-1079 , doi : 10.1029 / 95TC00927 ( wiley.com [accessed June 19, 2020]).