Mountain Badachshan

Вилояти Мухтори Кӯҳистони Бадахшон Mountain Badachshan
Basic data
Country	Tajikistan
Capital	Chorugh
surface	64,200 km²
Residents	212,100 (2014)
density	3.3 inhabitants per km²
ISO 3166-2	TJ-GB
Welcome at the border crossing along the road from Osh in Kyrgyzstan to Murghob . Wording (in Russian ): "The people of Berg-Badakhshan greet you."

Coordinates: 38 ° 0 '  N , 73 ° 0'  E

Berg-Badachschan ( Tajik Вилояти Мухтори Кӯҳистони Бадахшон , Wilojati Muchtori Kuhistoni Badachschon, in Persian scriptولایت مختار کوهستان بدخشان, German Autonomous Province of Berg-Badachschan ; Russian Горно-Бадахшанская автономная область , Gorno-Badachschanskaja avtonomnaja oblast ) is an autonomous province in eastern Tajikistan .

geography

Berg-Badachschan lies at an altitude of 1200 to 7495  m ( Pik Ismoil Somoni ) in the Pamir . The area, which is mainly occupied by a high mountain desert in the east, covers around 64,200 square kilometers, about 45% of the Tajik territory.

In the northwest, Berg-Badakhshan connects to the rest of Tajikistan; there is the highest part of the Tajik Pamir with the peak Ismoil Somoni, which as peak Stalin and later peak communism was the highest mountain in the Soviet Union . In the north, the autonomous province borders on Kyrgyzstan in the course of the Transalai Mountains with the 7134  m high Lenin Peak . The border with the People's Republic of China in the east is marked by the almost 6351  m high Sarikol chain . Only about 30 to 50 km away on Chinese territory are the Kongur massif and the Muztagata, the highest peaks of the Pamir. In the south and west, Berg-Badakhshan borders Afghanistan ; except in the southeast, the border follows the Pandsch , the left headwaters of the Amu Darya . In the southwest, parallel to the border, runs the Chess Darakette , which, together with the Karl Marx peak , reaches a height of 6726  m . Also in the central part of Berg-Badachschan there are other mountain ranges that reach heights between 6000 and 7000  m .

The most important rivers are the Pandsch along the southwest and western borders with Afghanistan and its right tributary Bartang , which is called Murgab in the middle reaches and Oksu in the upper reaches and crosses the area from the southeast through the central part with the Saressee to the west. In the northeast at an altitude of over 4000  m is the largest lake in the province and also Tajikistan, the Karakul without any outflow .

The average temperatures in the provincial capital Khorugh in the western part are −8 ° C in January and +23 ° C in July.

There is traffic connection via the Pamir Strait , which leads from Chorugh first down the Pandsch to Dushanbe , in the other direction through the eastern part of the area via Murghob to the Kyrgyz city of Osh , and by plane to Chorugh.

and display information about the image

Chorugh , capital of Berg-Badachschan

history

The area was occupied by the Russian Empire in 1885 , which initially established several military posts there. According to the agreements with Great Britain on the spheres of influence in Central Asia, the western, more densely populated part of today's Berg-Badachshan came at least formally to the Emirate of Bukhara , a Russian protectorate, but in fact the entire area remained under direct Russian military administration, from 1905 under the military governor of the oblast Ferghana .

After the establishment of the Soviet Union and the formation of the Tajik ASSR on October 14, 1924 (from 1929 SSR ), the Berg-Badachschan Autonomous Oblast was formed on January 2, 1925. In terms of extension, it almost corresponded to today's province; only the westernmost part, the narrow strip in the Pandsch Valley around Qalai Chumb , belonged to the Gharm Oblast as Qalai-Chumbski rajon and only became part of the Autonomous Oblast when it was dissolved in 1955, as today's Nohija Darwos .

After the independence of Tajikistan in 1991, the autonomy remained.

population

Berg-Badachschan is only inhabited by about 212,100 people (2014). The inhabitants of the area, who mainly breed cattle on mountain pastures, are called mountain tajiks or Badachschaner. A significant part belongs to the Pamirians (Tajik помирӣ , pomirij ), some of whom speak various Southeast Iranian languages related to Pashtun . Most of the people live in the western part of the province in the valley of the Pandsch and on the lower reaches of its right tributaries. Many Kyrgyz people also live in the significantly less populated central and eastern parts of Berg-Badachschan .

Although the population of Berg-Badachschan has more than tripled since the 1930s, increasing the population density from around 1 to over 3 inhabitants per km², it is still very low compared to the other provinces of Tajikistan. Berg-Badachschan's share of the total population of Tajikistan fell continuously from 4.4% in 1939 to 3.2% at the end of the Soviet period (1989) to 2.6% in 2014.

Administrative division

Berg-Badachschan is divided into seven districts ( ноҳия , nohija, originated from the Rajons of the Soviet era). The administrative center is the prefecture-level city of Chorugh with 28,800 inhabitants (all 2014 figures). The districts unite a total of 43 village communities ( ҷамоат , jamoat ).

district	main place	Population (2014)	Area (km²)	Population density (inh / km²)	Village communities
Chorugh (city)	Chorugh	28,800
Darwos	Qalai Chumb	21,700	2,800	7.7	Nulwand, Qalai Chumb, Saghirdascht, Wischcharw (4)
Ishkoshim	Ishkoshim	30,500	3,700	8.2	Andarob, Ischkoschim, Pitup, Schitcharw, Song, Qosideh, Wrang (7)
Murghob	Murghob	14,200	38,400	0.4	Alitschur, Gadoberdijew, Murghob, Qarokul, Qisilrabot, Rangkul (6)
Roshtqala	Roshtqala	25,400	4,300	5.9	Barwos, Mirschakar, Roschtqala, Seschd, Tawdem, Tussjon (6)
Ruschon	Ruschon	24,500	5,900	4.1	Bar-Ruschon, Bartang, Bassid, Pastchuf, Ruschon, Sawnob, Schids (7)
Schughnon	Midschor	35,400	4,600	7.7	Darmoracht, Nawobod, Porschinew, Sochtscharw, Sutschon, Wanqala, Wer (7)
Wall switch	Wall switch	31,700	4,400	7.2	Jasgulom, Rowand, Schowid, Techarw, Wandsch, Wodchud (6)
total		212.100	64,100	3.3

economy

The Berg-Badachschan region is economically underdeveloped. The largest single employer in the region are the development aid organizations of Karim Aga Khan IV , the religious leader of the Ismaili Nizarites . One of the organizations is the Aga Khan Foundation .

Web links

Commons : Berg-Badachschan  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Regions of Tajikistan 2014 ( Memento of the original from February 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at the Tajik Statistics Agency (Tajik, Russian) 
2. ^ Paul Goble: Tajikistan Struggles to Integrate Ismaili Pamiris Living Along Afghan Border , jamestown.org April 30, 2020.