Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse (Cottbus)
The Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse ( Lower Sorbian : K. Liebknechtowa droga ) is next to the Berliner Strasse , with which it converges in Ströbitz , the most important east-west connection of the Cottbus city center. It extends from Brandenburger Platz to Grenzstraße in the west. In 1873, by decision of the magistrate, the street was run in a section from Spremberger Tor to Bahnhofstrasse . Initially under the name Schwanstraße, which the old dirt road to Ströbitz carried, it was renamed Kaiser-Friedrich-Straße in 1888, now fully expanded. Since 1946 it has been called Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse, after the workers' leader Karl Liebknecht . The development, primarily representative apartment and commercial buildings, took place mainly in the 1880s / 90s. Originally the houses had enclosed front gardens and linden trees lined the street. The last front garden disappeared in 1969 when the sidewalks were re-paved.
While in the eastern part of Karl-Liebknecht-Straße the southern buildings were retained in their original structure, on the northern side the houses between number 130 and the Spremberger Tower had to give way to the construction of the consumer department store , today Galeria Kaufhof and the city promenade . Only the Bürger-Töchterschule (later Carl-Blechen-Schule), in which the school was run until 1978, has survived. With the construction of the Blechen-Carré, the building was integrated into the shopping center.
Architectural monuments
| location | designation | description | image | |
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| 1 | Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 4 | Rental apartment building with an office extension and storage building with hereditary burial cellar and enclosure wall | The building at Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 4 is a rental apartment building with a converted hereditary burial in the courtyard. The building was built in 1880/81 by master mason Paul Broeßke as a residential and commercial building. It stands on the corner property facing Roßstrasse. In 1903 Hermann Pabel took over the construction business and the house, the office and the building yard have been in his family since then. At the beginning of the 20th century, an office was added, and in the course of this the front door was relocated and the burial site, once built in the cemetery in front of Spremberger Tor, was converted into a warehouse.
In 1991 a renovation and a roof extension was carried out. The building has an L-shaped floor plan and a Berlin roof . Strong plaster bands decorate the ground floor, while the upper floors are highlighted by means of differentiated edicle-like window frames. Birds and lion griffins decorate the parapet mirror and palmette motifs embellish the straight roofs of the windows. A two-storey round bay window accentuates the outer axis with its rich decoration. The underside is designed as a clamshell and provided with a floral ribbon with integrated lion heads. The end of the facade is accompanied by a wide, framed leaf frieze, which goes hand in hand with narrower egg bar friezes and block friezes. The windows and doors are built during the construction period. The office building to the west has been preserved with its narrow, attached wooden veranda, the small-scale windows, the baluster-like parapet and the decorated intermediate posts. The entrance is on the courtyard side and has a porch. Along the Roßstrasse, the rear views of the hereditary burials form a closed wall front, enlivened by plastered fields and attic . In terms of urban history, the ensemble is of great importance due to the headquarters of the Broeßke and Pabel construction businesses and the diverse facade. |
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| 2 | Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 9 | Rental apartment and commercial building | The building was built in 1904 by order of the master plumber Eduard Penning. Construction was carried out by the construction business Hermann Pabel & Co. It is a rental apartment building, the transverse building of which has an outer wall. In 1905 the Bank for Commerce and Industry moved in. The structure of the ground floor has been changed many times. This is due to the high number of tenants. In 1969 repair work was carried out, the onion dome crowning of the dwelling was removed. The last restoration and refurbishment was carried out in 2000. An elevator was installed in the stairwell and the transverse building was demolished. The outer wall on Schwanstrasse has been preserved.
The apartment building is a four-story structure with an L-shaped floor plan. The building has a mansard roof and the facade is characterized by differently designed window axes. The left outer window axis emerges slightly in front of the wall surface from the second floor, the right outer axis is designed as a loggia axis . The two central axes have coupled windows and a dominant three- story bay window with a balcony above the eaves. Every single floor of the house is characterized by a different window shape. The countless wall openings are decorated with flat relief, plastered or inlaid in plastered fields. This shows mask and animal motifs as well as stylized vegetable and banded forms. The mansard roof of the house has a curved gable as well as richly designed dwarf and roof houses. Under a hexagonal end (originally with a pointed tent roof) there is a stair tower with a spiral staircase on the courtyard side. There are also wooden loggias and the side wing as well as the wall facing Schwanstrasse are subdued and look like sand-lime bricks. On the upper floor, the filigree, hand-drawn ceiling stucco in the form of historicism or art nouveau has been preserved, as are the doors. The spacious eight-room apartments were accessed via a representative staircase. A delicate, floral stucco panel decorated with décor follows the course of the stairs. The building is of great value as a rental apartment building due to its architectural and artistic quality. In addition, it is of architectural significance because it cleverly combines the traditional, historical facade structure and the varied Art Nouveau romanticism. |
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| 3 | Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 18 | Rental apartment and commercial building | The rental apartment and commercial building was built in 1897 for master butcher G. Greschke. The construction business Dümpert & Hauke took over the construction contract. The middle risalit , which gradually tapers upwards, has a roof hood and is the main accentuation of the plastered facade. There are small outlets on the left and right of the risalit. The ground floor is provided with fine plaster bands. The entrance gate and the shop fittings date from the building's construction time. The bel étage is highlighted by a triangular gable and a parapet, and the window architecture varies from floor to floor. The stucco decoration used here is very rich in motifs and filigree, but worked with restraint. Further decorations were attached to the gable in the form of a city coat of arms with the date of construction. A sweeping, modulated sheet mask decorates the keystone of the courtyard entrance. Inside the building there are stucco ceilings, box windows and coffered doors from the construction period. The former butcher's shop still contains the tiles from the year it was built. The building is a synthesis of different styles, such as late historicism. Due to its well-preserved substance from the construction period and the shop fittings during the construction period, the building is of great urban significance as a commercial building. |
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| 4th | Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24 | villa | The factory owner's villa was built in 1897 by contractor Paul Boeßke on behalf of the dye works owner and carpet manufacturer Max Michaelis. In 1900 a winter garden with a terrace facing the garden was added. During the GDR era, the building was used as a registry office and the wedding hall was located in the winter garden.
The free-standing plastered building has an almost square floor plan and is subdivided into a rusticated base, a ground floor and a lower upper floor leading into the roof area. The building is accentuated on the street side with a curved gable and a tower-topped entrance porch on the side. The ground floor is provided with a corner cuboid as well as wide window formats with an integrated cuboid frame. The side upper floor windows have a gable with a crooked hip, which in turn merges into the roof area. The interior is characterized by the central hall with chimney, the light roof and the use of wooden balusters . The staircase leading to the upper floor is spatially separated and has no spatial function. Filigree wrought iron grating can be found on the garden-side terrace, on the entrance porch and on the roof ridge. The building is an example of late historical villa architecture. Thanks to the well-preserved original structure, the upper-class living standard of the imperial era can be documented here. |
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| 5 | Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 28, 28a | Double rental house with front garden and enclosure | The two rental houses were built in 1906/07 for the house owner Rudolf Kaiser. The two buildings form an almost symmetrical semi-detached house with two curved gables that protrude like a risalit and are combined by means of a raised roof area. The eaves zone in this central area is accentuated by a comb frieze, wavy band and decorative fields. Below the gable are two-storey porches that end with balconies. The wall surfaces of the building are roughly plastered and the plinth area is bricked with clinker bricks, the end of which was provided with decorative strips. The side axes of the upper floor have an ornamental framework. The building has varying window formats, the framing of which has a skylight rungs and was built during the construction period. In the entrance and gable area as well as on the porches there is decor with stylized tendril and panicle motifs.
The interior is still rich in the original substance and the decorative motifs can be found on the outside. There are building-time doors with a carved decor, wave-shaped stucco friezes and terrazzo edging. The apartment building was built in Art Nouveau style and is characterized by its ambiguous symmetry. Furthermore, it is characterized by the withdrawal and abstraction of the decor, which was partly made on site. Furthermore, it is an example of the fact that the emerging demand for individual, handcrafted solutions was applied to apartment buildings. |
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| 6th | Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 30 | Residential house with enclosure | The two-story house has a Berlin roof and was built in 1908/1909 by the merchant David Reissner. The corner of the building has a polygonal tower extension with a curved dome. On the north side is dominated by a central buttress , which additionally Altan was prefixed with balcony statements. The end of the risalit is formed by a curved gable , which is flanked by two dormers on the roof. The window frames of the rectangular windows are richly decorated with garlands, volutes and face masks in Art Nouveau form. To the right of the risalit is a stone balcony on the first floor and a loggia on the second floor . To the left of the risalit on the second floor, the balcony is equipped with an iron railing in which an ornate “R” for Reissner is incorporated. The eastern side of the house has five axes. In the fourth axis in the risalit there is a red entrance door with a skylight, the round arch of which is decorated with garland stucco. A small curved gable forms the conclusion. A richly decorated cartridge stands out in the fifth axis . The basement is a basement level with strong plaster rustication . A risalit in the second axis has a curved gable, which is flanked by two dormers. At the back of the house there are two loggias with iron railings, as well as a brick stair tower that served as a servants' entrance. A multi-part servant bell is attached to the outside of the tower. In the courtyard at the back of the house, a piece of the enclosure wall with recessed brick arches has been preserved. A 150 cm high ornate iron fence separates the building from the street. The iron entrance gate wings lead over cobblestone to the courtyard. The qualitative interior is characterized by the substance of the construction period. The stucco ceilings have a floral decor and rich sprouting. The wall structure shows baroque design patterns, the shape of which is influenced by Art Nouveau.
Today the building is empty. The windows are partly covered without window panes or with cardboard. The balconies and the roof are completely covered with tarpaulin to prevent stone falling. On September 10, 2008, stumbling blocks for David Reissner's family, who had died in concentration camps , were laid in front of the building . |
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| 7th | Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 127 | House passage with ceiling fresco | This four-axle building with a monopitch roof on the north side of the street was built in 1885 and renovated in 1998. The ceiling painting on canvas in the entrance area is from 1896 and comes from the renowned decorative painter Gustav Fürst. The painting shows an allegorical representation of the craft as well as various arts (painting, architecture, music). It represents the wealth acquired through hard work and thus symbolizes the happiness of the house and its families. This is the only ceiling painting on linen in a rented house in Brandenburg.
The entrance area of the house is structured by a high, coffered plinth area and stylized wall pilasters. In addition there is a impost , which carries basket arcuate profiled arches with keystones. This pseudo architecture leads to the rectangular ceiling picture, which is framed by a stucco throat decorated with cartouches, flower tendrils, butterflies and decorative ribbons. |
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| 8th | Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 130 | Rental apartment and commercial building (later bank building) | The building, designed in historicizing forms in an exposed location, was built in 1887/1888 and forms a uniform development on the north side of the street with the neighboring rental houses to the west. Nevertheless, this building stands out in terms of design by the width of the facade and the richer decorative forms of the classically-oriented neo-renaissance . In 1913 the business premises on the ground floor were converted. It was u. a. the house entrance moved from the central axis to the outside.
The axially symmetrical facade was provided with changing window frames and roofing on each floor. The ground floor shows strong plaster bands, the upper floors were lavishly designed. Frontal bay windows are located on the outer axes , supported by consoles. The three-part windows of the bay windows are framed by wall pillars or three-quarter columns and Hermes pilasters . The end here are drawn-in lunette gables. A balcony was constructed in front of the central axis, the door of which is crowned by a segment arch with the bank's signet. A protruding eaves cornice reveals itself over the jamb zone, which is decorated with frieze panels . Numerous details of the furnishings have been preserved, for example the staircase with ornate posts, stucco ceilings on all the upper floors facing the street, the iron courtyard gate from 1913, paneling and the ceiling of the checkout room, which is divided by beams. |
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| 9 | Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 136 | Citizen's Daughter School (later Carl Blechen School) | The building of the former girls' middle school (middle class), a red three-story brick building, which was inaugurated in April 1875, was a big step forward for the city of Cottbus. The “new building” was located on the church premises at the “Spremberger Thore”, which was sold cheaply by the upper parish to the city. By Easter 1880 there were 600 female students. The class size averaged 72 people. The teaching staff in 1891 consisted of 8 teachers and 11 “fräuleins”. In 1945 the school was renamed the 5th school "Carl - Blechen". In 1971 there were 37 classes, including 3 after-school classes, with up to 1006 students. From this time on she was given a special task as a special school with extended Russian lessons from the 3rd grade. Every year 150 children started school here, and an additional 60 specially selected for Russian lessons from all over Cottbus. At last there were 28 classrooms here, including special rooms for biology, chemistry and physics. A gym of 206 m² and a school yard of 1500 m² with large old trees were available to the students. Up until the early 1970s there was a school kitchen here, which also cooked lunches for other schools. Then the restaurant "Am Stadttor" took over the school supply with warm meals. The distances from the school to the central school garden in Pappelallee in Ströbitz, to the sports field on what is now the Energy Stadium and to the after-school care center, which was housed in the Biedermeier house at Lieberoser Strasse 7, proved to be unfavorable. After over 100 years of use, this school closed its doors in 1978 and was inaugurated in 1979 as a new building in what was then Rudolf-Rothkegel-Straße (now Elisabeth-Wolf-Straße). The name of the famous painter Carl Blechen was adopted.
The building was then used by the city theater, which later became the state theater, as a fund, work and workshops. Now the entire school building is integrated into a shopping center in the city center. |
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Map with all coordinates: literature
- Gerhard Vinken et al. (Ed.): Handbook of German Art Monuments , Brandenburg. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-422-03054-9 .
- Irmgard Ackermann, Marcus Cante, Antje Mues: Monument Topography Federal Republic of Germany, Monuments in Brandenburg, Volume 2.1, City of Cottbus Part 1: Old Town, Mühleninsel, Neustadt and Ostrow, inner Spremberger suburb, "City Promenade", western urban expansion, historical Brunschwig. Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 2001, ISBN 3-88462-176-9 .
- Antje Mues: Cottbus. Architecture and urban development 1871 to 1918. Westkreuz-Verlag GmbH, Berlin / Bonn 2007, ISBN 3-92959-299-1 .
- Ingrid Halbach, Karl-Heinz Müller, Steffen Delang, Gerold Glatte, Peter Biernath: Architectural Guide Cottbus. Walks through the city and surroundings. Publishing house for construction, Berlin / Munich 1993.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Action Alliance Brandenburg ( Memento of the original from February 28, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
