Karl Allmenröder (judge)

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Johann Ludwig Karl Allmenröder (born July 14, 1861 in Oberquembach , † February 25, 1926 in Frankfurt am Main ) was a German lawyer . He took over the chairmanship of the juvenile court , which was set up in 1908 at the Frankfurt am Main district court , and is therefore considered the first German juvenile judge.

Live and act

Allmenröder was the son of his father of the same name, Karl Allmenröder , a pastor. After completing his law degree, he was the prince's lawyer at Solms . The President of the Frankfurt Higher Regional Court , Carl Hagens , got to know him there and brought him to Frankfurt. There Allmenröder worked as a guardianship judge with the rank of judge at the district court in Frankfurt am Main . In 1908 he took over the chairmanship of the juvenile court, which was established in Frankfurt on January 1, 1908 based on the model of the American juvenile courts. The goal of setting up separate courts for young offenders was formulated in 1905 on the one hand by the Frankfurt criminal lawyer Berthold Freudenthal and on the other hand by the Berlin judge Paul Köhne . Since no central legal regulation came about, various court presidents decided in 1907 to set up juvenile courts by changing the business distribution plan . With the new plan on January 1, 1908, the presidium of the Frankfurt Regional Court assigned the juvenile court, on the one hand, the criminal cases against minors between 12 and 18 years of age, and on the other hand, the guardianship of these minors. As a youth judge, Allmenröder thus combined the function of a guardianship judge with that of the chairman of a lay judge's court . In 1909, 212 of the 772 Prussian district courts had already set up a juvenile court in this form.

It is true that at the end of 1907 an attempt had been made to set up a juvenile court in Haspe, Westphalia . In fact, however, it was a welfare committee upstream of the court. While youth courts were also set up at other local courts by division of responsibilities in 1908, including in Breslau , Cologne and Stuttgart , the first documented constitutive session of a German youth court took place on January 30, 1908 in Frankfurt. Allmenröder negotiated three cases in the presence of the President of the Higher Regional Court Carl Hagens, the President of the Regional Court Heinrich Colnot , Karl Stiebel from the Central Office for Private Welfare , the City Councilor Karl Flesch and Wilhelm Polligkeit .

If Allmenröder was initially critical of the Frankfurt youth justice model, he soon became one of the most famous German youth judges. Berthold Freudenthal reports that Allmenröder was called “the German Lindsey ”, but he was “the German Allmenröder”. He is credited with “pioneering social measures in the field of urban youth welfare in Frankfurt am Main”. His companion Wilhelm Polligkeit remarked that Allmenröder was “an artist as a judge and educator”. After the youth court law was passed (1923), which did not satisfy him , Allmenröder used to say: "Nowhere do I feel more comfortable than in the loopholes in the law". The historian Detlev Peukert points out that the Frankfurt juvenile court significantly upgraded the preliminary judicial investigation and that the judge, in Allmenröder's own words, “gained a significant preponderance over young people”. Marcus Gräser comes to the conclusion that the juvenile court was a 'modern' institution, but Allmenröder's ideal of upbringing was more of a “stale traditionality”.

In addition to his work as a judge, Allmenröder was very committed to the church. He sat in the church council of St. Peter's Church , in the Lutheran city Synod , the Evangelical Lutheran Church Assembly , the regional church court and the board of the Gustav-Adolf-Verein . He campaigned for the female city ​​mission and for the Frankfurt Diakonissenhaus .

Fonts

  • et al. : The juvenile court in Frankfurt a. M. , ed. by Berthold Freudenthal, Springer, Berlin 1912.
  • The juvenile court during and after the main hearing . In: German Center for Youth Welfare (ed.), Negotiations of the first German Youth Court Conference March 15-17, 1909 . Berlin 1909, pp. 38-43.
  • From the Frankfurt juvenile court . In: Journal for the entire criminal law science , Volume 29, No. 1 (1909), pp. 575-585, ISSN (Online) 1612-703X, ISSN (Print) 0084-5310, doi: 10.1515 / zstw.1909.29.1.575 .
  • Criminal and educational means in detail . In: German Center for Youth Welfare (ed.), Negotiations of the third German Youth Court Conference October 10 to 12, 1912 . Leipzig 1913, pp. 67-77.
  • Obituary Pastor Karl Allmenröder . In: Mitteilungen des Wetzlarer Geschichtsverein 5 (1914), pp. 5-7.

literature

  • Christian Ebner: "The answer from the judiciary must remain education" . In: Wetterauer Zeitung , January 29, 2008.
  • Allmenröder, Karl . In: Wolfgang Klötzer (ed.): Frankfurter Biographie. Personal history lexicon . Part 1, A – L , arr. by Sabine Hock and Reinhard Frost. (Publications of the Frankfurt Historical Commission 19.1). Kramer, Frankfurt am Main 1994, p. 21.
  • Helga Müller: The first juvenile court in Germany. An example of judicial organizational reform in anticipation of a legislative process . In: Horst Henrichs (ed.). A century of Frankfurt justice. Courthouse A: 1889–1989 . Kramer, Frankfurt am Main 1989, ISBN 9783782903806 (Studies on Frankfurt History. 27), pp. 92-103.

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ a b Berthold Freudenthal: Karl Allmenröder. Personal memories . In: Journal for the entire criminal law science 47, issue 1 (1927), pp. 147–150, here p. 148. doi: 10.1515 / zstw.1927.47.1.147 .
  2. ^ Arthur Kreuzer: 100 years of juvenile court - 100 years of juvenile court assistance. (PDF) Lecture in the Kaisersaal of the Frankfurter Römers on January 30, 2008. pp. 3–5 , accessed on January 12, 2018 . ; Helga Müller: The first juvenile court in Germany. An example of judicial organizational reform in anticipation of a legislative process. In: Horst Henrichs (ed.). A century of Frankfurt justice. Courthouse A: 1889 - 1989. Kramer, Frankfurt am Main 1989, ISBN 9783782903806 ( Studies on Frankfurt History . 27), pp. 92–103, here pp. 92–94.
  3. ^ Helga Müller: The first juvenile court in Germany. An example of judicial organizational reform in anticipation of a legislative process. In: Horst Henrichs (ed.). A century of Frankfurt justice. Court building A: 1889 - 1989. Kramer, Frankfurt am Main 1989, p. 102.
  4. ^ Arthur Kreuzer: 100 years of juvenile court - 100 years of juvenile court assistance. (PDF) Lecture in the Kaisersaal of the Frankfurter Römers on January 30, 2008. pp. 3–5 , accessed on January 12, 2018 . ; see. on the other hand Heinz Cornel: 100 years of juvenile courts - the time was ripe. (PDF) 100 years of juvenile courts and juvenile court assistance Ceremony of the Berlin State Group and EFJ-Lazarus on June 17, 2008 in the “Dr. Janusz Korczak House ”, Berlin. P. 1 , accessed January 12, 2018 .
  5. ^ Arthur Kreuzer: 100 years of juvenile court - 100 years of juvenile court assistance. (PDF) Lecture in the Kaisersaal of the Frankfurter Römers on January 30, 2008. P. 1 f. , accessed January 12, 2018 .
  6. ^ Arthur Kreuzer: 100 years of juvenile court - 100 years of juvenile court assistance. (PDF) Lecture in the Kaisersaal of the Frankfurter Römers on January 30, 2008. P. 6 , accessed on January 12, 2018 .
  7. ^ Berthold Freudenthal: Karl Allmenröder. Personal memories . In: Journal for the entire criminal law science 47, Issue 1 (1927), p. 147.
  8. ↑ a b Allmenröder, Karl . In: Wolfgang Klötzer (ed.): Frankfurter Biographie. Personal history lexicon. Part 1, A – L, arr. by Sabine Hock and Reinhard Frost. ( Publications of the Frankfurt Historical Commission 19.1). Kramer, Frankfurt am Main 1994, p. 21.
  9. ^ Wilhelm Polligkeit: youth judge Karl Allmenröder † . In: Zentralblatt für Jugendrecht und Jugendwohlfahrt , 17, No. 12 (1926), pp. 277 f., Cited. 277.
  10. ↑ Detlev JK Peukert: Limits of social discipline. The rise and crisis of German child welfare from 1878 to 1932 . Bund-Verlag, Cologne 1986, p. 91 f.
  11. ↑ Marcus Gräser: The blocked welfare state. Lower class youth and child welfare in the Weimar Republic. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2011, ISBN 9783647357706 , p. 49.
personal data
SURNAME Allmenröder, Karl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Allmenröder, Johann Ludwig Karl (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German youth judge
DATE OF BIRTH July 14, 1861
PLACE OF BIRTH Oberquembach
DATE OF DEATH February 25, 1926
Place of death Frankfurt am Main