Karl Konstantin von Fechenbach

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Friedrich Karl Konstantin von Fechenbach , also Friedrich Karl von Fechenbach-Laudenbach (born November 7, 1836 in Aschaffenburg , † March 14, 1907 in Würzburg ) was a German officer, publicist and politician in the time of the Kulturkampf , the conservative Catholic polemics with radicals social reform ideas and anti-Semitism .

Life

The offspring of the Barons von Fechenbach zu Laudenbach was a Bavarian officer until 1859. In the 1860s he entered politics as a national liberal and initially opposed any attempt at ultramontanism .

Since 1878 the "restless knight" tried to win over conservative forces for a social reform program with financial resources and connections to the " center nobility" . He demanded that heavy industry be nationalized as an antipode to the growing social democracy . Fechenbach strove for the established craft especially in the Rhineland and southwest, but also in Hamburg and Breslau, which the historian Shulamit Volkov understands as the initiation of a " grassroots " movement: the small craftsmen and farmers who were unsettled by the upheavals of the industrial revolution To win them over, Fechenbach held out the prospect of introducing compulsory guilds and the taxation of share profits and luxury goods and thus a glorified past as a future vision.

Fechenbach founded the Socially Conservative Association in Frankfurt am Main in 1880, which was supposed to overcome the political division between the denominational conservative and social reformist parties in Germany, whereby the historian Olaf Blaschke points out that " non-denominational " was a code for " anti-Semitic " in the political context of the time . When this attempt failed due to the resistance of the established parties, Fechenbach approached the anti-Semitic German Reform Party and formulated parts of its party program, which was adopted in Dresden in September 1881.

Finally, in 1885, Fechenbach joined the conservative Catholic center and there “the most hateful anti-Bismarck fronde ”, which continued to polemicize Otto von Bismarck even after the end of the chancellorship . Fechenbach's radical demands isolated him politically; as a successful publicist, however, he reached a large audience. With the childless and unmarried Karl von Fechenbach, the noble family Fechenbach, which had lived in Franconia since the 13th century, died out.

estate

Most of his estate is in the Federal Archives , and some are also in the family archives in the Würzburg State Archives . It includes “newspaper articles and correspondence on medium-sized business policies with an anti- Bismarck tendency, including with Prince Isenburg , Windthorst and Wagener ( Kreuzzeitung )”. The collection of correspondence with politicians, press clippings and party materials is considered to be more extensive than the institutional collections of many archives on the early Empire.

Works

  • Poems. Without publisher, around 1866, digitized version of the Bavarian State Library.
  • Memorandum on the workers question: submitted to the socio-political conference for the Middle Rhine. Foesser, Frankfurt am Main 1888.

A complete bibliography of his writings can be found at Hans-Joachim Schoeps: CDU 75 years ago. The socio-political endeavors of Baron Friedrich Carl von Fechenbach (1836–1907). In: Zeitschrift für Religions- und Geistesgeschichte 9 (1957), pp. 266–277, here p. 276 f.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See the authority record of the German National Library.
  2. ^ A b c Hans-Joachim Schoeps: CDU 75 years ago. The socio-political endeavors of Baron Friedrich Carl von Fechenbach (1836–1907). In: Zeitschrift für Religions- und Geistesgeschichte 9 (1957), pp. 266–277.
  3. ↑ a b c d Hans-Joachim Schoeps:  Fechenbach, Friedrich Carl Constantin. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1961, ISBN 3-428-00186-9 , p. 36 f. ( Digitized version ).
  4. ↑ a b Olaf Blaschke: Catholicism and anti-Semitism in the German Empire. 2nd edition, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1999, p. 124 .
  5. ↑ a b Shulamit Volkov: On the social and political function of anti-Semitism. Artisan in the late 19th century. In: dies .: Anti-Semitism as a cultural code. Ten essays. 2nd edition, CH Beck, Munich 2000, pp. 37-53, here p. 45 .
  6. ↑ With a Marxist sign: Herbert Gottwald: Sozialkonservative Vereinigung (SkV) 1880–1882. In: Dieter Fricke (Hrsg.): Lexicon for the history of parties. Volume 4, Leipzig 1985, pp. 131-134.
  7. ↑ Matthias Piefel: anti-Semitism and racial movement in the Kingdom of Saxony from 1879 to 1914. V & R Unipress, Göttingen 2004, Chapter 3.3: The Reichstag elections in 1881 and the founding of the 'German Reform Party' , pp. 34–39.
  8. ↑ See for example his polemic published under a pseudonym: Fürchtegott Peinlich: Bismarck's trip to Vienna and its consequences. Latest stage of the fronde. Paulinus-Druckerei, Trier 1892, digitized version of the SLUB Dresden.
  9. ↑ Information in part in the Federal Archives in Koblenz.
  10. ↑ Information in part in the Würzburg State Archives.
  11. ^ Gerhard Granier, Josef Henke, Klaus Oldenhage: The Federal Archives and its holdings. Founded by Friedrich Facius. 3rd, supplemented and revised edition, Boldt, Boppard am Rhein 1977 (Schriften des Bundesarchivs, Vol. 10), ISBN 3-7646-1688-1 , p. 528 . On p. 719 his estate is described as “[the] most important of the press clippings collections of the Federal Archives”.
personal data
SURNAME Fechenbach, Karl Konstantin von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Fechenbach, Friedrich Karl Konstantin von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Publicist and Politician
DATE OF BIRTH November 7, 1836
PLACE OF BIRTH Aschaffenburg
DATE OF DEATH March 14, 1907
Place of death Wurzburg