Hermann Wagener (politician)

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Friedrich Wilhelm Hermann Wagener (born March 8, 1815 in Segeletz, now part of Wusterhausen / Dosse ; † April 22, 1889 in Friedenau near Berlin ) was a Prussian lawyer, editor-in-chief of the Neue Preußische Zeitung (Kreuzzeitung) and was a conservative Prussian ministerial official and politician .

Life

Wagener was the son of the pastor in a town near Neuruppin . After graduating from high school in Salzwedel , he studied law at the University of Berlin from 1835 . He deals with the legal philosophy of Friedrich Julius Stahl and the economic ideas of Karl Ludwig von Haller on the principle of legitimacy .

Hermann Wagener went through the usual legal career, became a trainee lawyer at the Higher Regional Court in Frankfurt (Oder) under Vice President Ludwig von Gerlach in 1838 and worked from 1844 to 1847 as an assessor at the melioration plants in Prussia; later in the consistory of the province of Saxony . In 1847 he became higher regional court and consistory assessor in Magdeburg and was busy with the disciplinary disputes against Leberecht Uhlich .

In 1848 he resigned from the civil service and settled as a lawyer at the upper tribunal . As a member of the group of people of the emerging Conservative Party , he founded the New Preussische Zeitung to save the monarchy, together with Ernst Ludwig von Gerlach and Friedrich Julius Stahl, among others, during the revolutionary year of 1848 . Until 1854 he was editor-in-chief. Theodor Fontane , who worked under him at this time, said in his memoirs that he had political foresight and called him “a kind of sideline to Bismarck”. With this activity Wagener developed into one of the best known and most controversial conservative journalists, certainly also through the successful journalistic collaboration with Otto von Bismarck . In 1848 he founded the Association for King and Fatherland .

In 1854 he left the editorial staff of the Kreuzzeitung , invested his compensation in the Dummerwitz estate near Neustettin and worked as a lawyer in Berlin until 1856. After he resigned from his office as a lawyer in 1856 with the title of Justizrat, he was elected as a member of parliament in Western Pomerania . Just as he rendered great services to his party as a skilful and quick-witted speaker on the rostrum of the Prussian House of Representatives as well as in the North German since 1867 and in the German Reichstag in 1871 , so no less because of the scientific justification that he gave to the conservative views he had given him since 1859 tried to give published "State and Society Lexicon".

In 1861 he participated in the founding of the conservative Prussian People's Association , which was active until 1872. On March 29, 1866, against the will of King Wilhelm I, he was appointed to the lecturing council in the State Ministry, as Bismarck tried through him to chain at least part of the old conservative party to his policy. At the same time, Bismarck consulted him on social issues . Fontane reports that Wagener tried to trick Bismarck into "fighting the hated bourgeoisie through social democracy". That is, he encouraged Bismarck to talk to Ferdinand Lassalle . In the first German Reichstag he also successfully supported Bismarck with his speeches on the German imperial constitution and the Jesuit law . Wagener's efforts to found a social-conservative party in 1872 failed.

In 1873 he was first admitted to the State Ministry, but was not admitted to a personal lecture by Kaiser Wilhelm I, as rumors had spread about his part in unsound foundations ( Pommersche Centralbahn ), which his political opponent Eduard Lasker publicly presented in the House of Representatives in 1873. Wagener not only had to submit his departure, but was also sentenced to the reimbursement of 40,000  thalers of unlawful profits, whereby he lost all of his fortune. In 1878 he founded the interdenominational "Socially Conservative Association".

Hermann Wagener published numerous current works, for example on the social question. His most important work was the State and Society Lexicon of 1862. The program of the German Conservative Party of 1876 was written by him. He was also the brainchild of the draft workers' insurance.

Hermann Wagener, member of the Catholic Apostolic Church , died in Friedenau in 1889 at the age of 74.

Politically, Wagener wanted to counter the “social pope” with a “social emperor” in order to curb the influence of the Catholic Church ( A solution to the social question from the standpoint of reality and practice , 1878).

Fonts

  • Judaism and the State. Berlin 1857.
  • Memorandum on Economic Associations and Social Coalitions. Neuschönefeld 1867 (ver. Proper Eugen Dühring).
  • State and society lexicon. Berlin 1859–1867, 23 volumes; Supplement 1868 books.google.com
  • The solution of the social question from the standpoint of reality and practice. From a practical statesman. Bielefeld and Leipzig 1878.
  • The politics of Friedrich Wilhelm IV. Berlin 1883.
  • Experienced. My memoirs from 1848–1866 and from 1873 until now. 1st department. Berlin 1884.
  • Experienced. My memoirs from 1848–1866 and from 1873 until now. 2nd department. Berlin 1885.
  • The small but powerful party. Addendum to "Experienced". My memoirs from 1848–1866 and from 1873 until now. Berlin 1885
  • The shortcomings of the Christian social movement. Minden 1885.

literature

  • Heinrich Immanuel Ritter : Illumination of Wagener's writing "Judaism and the State" . Hasselberg, Berlin 1857.
  • Henning Albrecht : anti-liberalism and anti-Semitism. Hermann Wagener and the Prussian Social Conservatives 1855–1873. (= Otto von Bismarck Foundation. Scientific series. Volume 12). Schöningh, Paderborn 2010, ISBN 978-3-506-76847-6 ( review ).
  • Siegfried Christoph: Hermann Wagener as a social politician. A contribution to the prehistory of the ideas and intentions for the great German social legislation in the 19th century. Dissertation. Erlangen 1950.
  • Wolfgang Saile: Hermann Wagener and his relationship with Bismarck. A contribution to the history of conservative socialism. Tübingen 1958.
  • Klaus Hornung: Prussian Conservatism and Social Issues - Hermann Wagener (1815–1889). In: Hans-Christof Kraus (Hrsg.): Conservative politicians in Germany. A selection of biographical portraits from two centuries. Berlin 1995.
  • Hans-Christof Kraus: Hermann Wagener (1815–1889). In: Bernd Heidenreich (Ed.): Political Theories of the 19th Century: Conservatism - Liberalism - Socialism. Berlin 2002, p. 537.
  • Florian Tennstedt: Political impetus for social reform and the welfare state: The Irvingian Hermann Wagener and the Lutheran Theodor Lohmann as advisors and opponents of Bismarck. In: Jochen-Christoph Kaiser, Wilfried Loth (Hrsg.): Social reform in the Kaiserreich. Protestantism, Catholicism and Social Policy. (= Denomination and Society. Volume 11). Stuttgart / Berlin / Cologne 1997.
  • Herman von Petersdorff :  Wagener, Hermann . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 40, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1896, pp. 471-476.
  • Walter Braeuer :  Cohn, Gustav. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1957, ISBN 3-428-00184-2 , p. 315 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Eckhard Hansen, Florian Tennstedt (Eds.) U. a .: Biographical lexicon on the history of German social policy from 1871 to 1945 . Volume 1: Social politicians in the German Empire 1871 to 1918. Kassel University Press, Kassel 2010, ISBN 978-3-86219-038-6 , p. 167 ( Online , PDF; 2.2 MB).
  • Sebastian crane :  Wagener, Friedrich Wilhelm Hermann. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 18, Bautz, Herzberg 2001, ISBN 3-88309-086-7 , Sp. 1463-1468.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  • Hans Joachim Schoeps: Hermann Wagener a conservative socialist. In: Hans Joachim Schoeps: The other Prussia. Berlin 1981.
  • Theodor Fontane : Hermann Wagener (first draft). In: Theodor Fontane: Walks through the Mark Brandenburg. Volume 3, Munich 1994, p. 463.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cf. the draft of a "law on the introduction of a normal working day" sent to Bismarck in 1875, printed in: Collection of sources for the history of German social policy 1867 to 1914 , Section I: From the time when the Empire was founded to the Imperial Social Message (1867–1881) , 3. Volume: Workers' Protection , edited by Wolfgang Ayaß , Stuttgart et al. 1996, No. 74.
  2. ^ Digitized online at Archive.org

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This article is based on a text in the public domain from Meyers Konversations-Lexikon , 4th edition from 1888 to 1890.

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personal data
SURNAME Wagener, Hermann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Wagener, Friedrich Wilhelm Hermann (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German editor-in-chief, Prussian ministerial official and politician (German Conservative Party), MdR
DATE OF BIRTH March 8, 1815
PLACE OF BIRTH Sail net
DATE OF DEATH April 22, 1889
Place of death Friedenau near Berlin