Karl Kumm

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Hermann Karl Wilhelm Kumm (born October 19, 1874 in Markoldendorf ; †  August 22, 1930 ) was a British missionary and Africa explorer of German origin.

Life

Karl Wilhelm Kumm was born in 1874 in the area of ​​the former Electorate of Hanover and later Kingdom of Hanover , which was associated with England during the personal union between Great Britain and Hanover . He attended the secondary school in Osterode am Harz until he graduated from high school in 1894. Then he went to England; from January 1898 to April 1900 he stayed in Egypt , learned oriental languages ​​and traveled to Nubia and the southern oases of the Libyan desert. After returning to Germany, he studied at the universities of Heidelberg and Jena . In 1903 he received his PhD from the University of Freiburg with a dissertation on the economic and geographical conditions in Nubia. phil. PhD.

Kumm married Lucy Guinness (1865-1906), daughter of the then famous British evangelist Henry Grattan Guinness , and took British citizenship. He went into missionary service to Upper Egypt and in 1900 helped found the Sudan Pioneer Mission . Together with his wife, he then founded the Sudan United Mission (SUM) in 1904 with the aim of expanding the mission within Muslim regions in northern and central Africa. Political resistance to his mission project, some of which came from Europe, forced Kumm to devise new routes for his ventures within the Sudan belt . For this purpose he undertook extensive expeditions on the Niger and the Nile . As a member of the Royal Geographical Society , he wrote detailed reports on his travels, which were later widely used as publications. Overall, the activities of the SUM did not reach the extent planned by Kumm, but were more or less limited to Lower Egypt.

After the death of his first wife, Kumm married the Australian Frances Gertrude Kumm in 1912 . She later became a noted philanthropist and world vice president of the Young Women's Christian Association . The outbreak of the First World War interrupted the African missionary work. The family moved to New Jersey , USA. Until his death, Kumm founded various branches of the SUM in Great Britain, the USA, France, South Africa and Denmark.

Publications

  • Investigations into the origin of the beautiful. Drafting an empirical aesthetic of the visual arts . Edel, Hannover-Linden 1896.
  • Like. Modern morality in 5 acts with the prelude “The youth sings”. A contribution to the efforts of the Federation britannique continentale et generale . Edel, Hannover-Linden 1896.
  • Attempt of a scientific representation of the economic geographic conditions of Nubia from Aswan to Dongola. Compiled according to information from travelers and government statistics, as well as our own research. Diss. Phil. Freiburg / Breisgau 1903
  • The Sudan. A short compendium of facts and figures about the land of darkness . London 1907
  • From Hausaland to Egypt, through the Sudan . London 1910
  • Khont-Hon-Nofer: the lands of Ethiopia . London 1910

literature

  • John H. Boer: Missionary messengers of liberation in a colonial context. A case study of the Sudan United Mission (= Amsterdam Studies in Theology Vol. 1). Rodopi, Amsterdam 1979.
  • Irene V. Cleverdon: Pools on the glowing sand. The story of Karl Kumm . Specialty Press, Melbourne 1936.
  • Klaus Fiedler: Karl Wilhelm Kumm and Lucy Kumm (Guinness) (2000) . In: Klaus Fiedler: Conflicted power in Malawian Christianity. Essays Missionary and Evangelical from Malawi . Mzuni Press, Luwinga, Mzuzu 2, Malawi 2015, ISBN 978-99908-02-49-8 , p. 390; Preview via Google Books
  • Hartmut Lohmann:  Kumm, Hermann Karl W .. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 4, Bautz, Herzberg 1992, ISBN 3-88309-038-7 , Sp. 812.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive  on 2007-06-29)
  • Christof Sauer : Reaching the Unreached Sudan Belt. Guinness, Kumm and the Sudan Pioneer Mission (= Gospel and Islam Vol. 2). Publishing house for theology and religious studies, Nuremberg 2005, ISBN 3-937965-38-6 .
  • Peter Spartalis: Karl Kumm: last of the Livingstones: pioneer missionary statesmen (= Edition AfeM: Mission scripts vol. 2). With an epilogue by Eberhard Troger. With a German summary by Christof Sauer. Edited by Roy Conwell and Christof Sauer. Verlag für Kultur und Wissenschaft, Bonn 1994, ISBN 3-926105-18-6 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ According to the curriculum vitae in the dissertation.
personal data
SURNAME Kumm, Karl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kumm, Hermann Karl Wilhelm (full name); Kumm, Karl Wilhelm
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-British missionary
DATE OF BIRTH October 19, 1874
PLACE OF BIRTH Markoldendorf
DATE OF DEATH 22nd August 1930