List of Africa explorers

African Art : White Lady of Auahouret

When explorer is now known researchers and explorers who are looking for new africa specific knowledge and usually in the scientific work frame.

The acquired human knowledge about Africa is just as much an object of research as results of research as an activity of acquiring knowledge about "Africa".

Great differences in the presentation and understanding of African research and the subject of its research can be seen in the social, historical and institutional framework in which it is organized and operated. These framework conditions also determine the very different doctrines and interests of the researchers themselves.

Research can be differentiated according to epochs, social and national origins and interests of the researchers, the research subject and the scientific discipline.

Methodological overview

Depending on the scientific doctrine ( Doxa ) in its time and its framework, the research subject is viewed from different perspectives and against the background of diverging interests. This also results in a different critical or affirmative relationship to the research subject for the “Africa researchers”. In African Studies , in modern cultural studies and in the humanities in general, “Africa” is treated as a theoretical and Eurocentric construct that is viewed as undifferentiated in its universalistic and also exclusionistic perspective. Researchers in the field of African Studies now deal with the historical, social and cultural aspects in a very differentiated way. They range from the African diaspora , to the influences of “Africa” on other societies, to special historical, regional and social differences within the continent of Africa.

historical overview

Africa explorer in colonialism

Contemporary illustration of the Stanley and Livingstone meeting

Portuguese sailors explored the coast of Africa as early as the 15th century. With the independence of North America and increasing industrialization in the second half of the 19th century, Europe's interest in Africa and its resources grew . The voyages of discovery , especially by European explorers of Africa, especially into the interior of the continent, not only served the geographical interest, but were also often preparations for the colonization of the continent in the course of the " New Imperialism ". Many of the almost exclusively male explorers traveled on behalf of so-called African societies . The discovery of Africa was essentially completed by Henry Morton Stanley in 1877. The political race for Africa began around 1882 and ended in 1898.

Africa researchers from this era are the subject of research today. This includes above all the reconstruction of the societal, social, cultural and political framework conditions of the knowledge they have acquired. Against the background of military activities and economic interests of these Africa explorers, the scientific interest of their research was often reduced to geographical issues. An alternative designation is the term “Africa traveler” depending on the context of the presentation. Their activities, like expeditions , often required state legitimation and were tied to political interests and assignments.

Regardless of national origin

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Institutions

• African Virtual University (since 1995 on the initiative of the World Bank )

media

• IRIN humanitarian news and analysis UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs ( UN )
• Channel Africa - The Voice of the African Renaissance (radio)
• AllAfrica Global Media

Archives / portals

• MondeBerbère.com (Tankra Tamazight) History and culture of the Imazighen
• AlgeriaInfo.com - Internet portal on Algeria
• Africultures - Le site et la revue de référence des cultures africaines . Exhibitions, cultural events, historical and social salon
• WoYaa! Africa on the Internet (English version). Africa-specific search engine on the Internet.

From African countries

Institutions

• Rhodes-Livingstone Institute for Social Research University of Zambia
• Institute of Southern African Studies (ISAS). National University of Lesotho
• Instituto de Estudos Sociais e Económicos (IESE), Maputo
• Institut de Recherche sur le Maghreb Contemporain (IRMC) - Tunis . Tunisia
• Institute of Ethiopian Studies at the University of Addis Ababa [69]
• South Omo Research Center Research center for ethnological research in South Ethiopia [70]

Media / portals

• Sudanese Online Research Association - SORA
• Liberian Collections Project
• Weaver Press, Zimbabwe
• Africa Intelligence (French-language edition)
• AfrikInfo.com, Benin
• Abidjan.Net ( Côte d'Ivoire )
• Littératures du Maghreb - LIMAG, editing / supervision: Charles Bonn and Coordination internationale des chercheurs sur les littératures du Maghreb
• Marweb - Annuaire et Moteur de recherche du Maghreb Arabe. Fes , Morocco

Researcher

• Luísa Diogo (* 1958), Africanist (School of Oriental and African Studies, London) and Prime Minister of Mozambique
• Robert Sobukwe (1924–1978), South African nationalist leader and first president of the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC)
• Kwame Nkrumah (1909–1972), Ghanaian politician
• Albert Adu Boahen (1932-2006), Ghanaian historian
• Abd el Faradj alias Henry Noël
• Mebenga m'Ebono aka Martin Paul Samba
• Albert Memmi (* 1920), Tunisian-French laureate of the Académie Française 2004
• Mike Oquaye (* 1944), Ghanaian university professor, lawyer, political scientist, diplomat and politician
• Ibn Chaldun (1332–1406), Arab traveler, historian, politician.
• Abd el-Krim El Khattabi (1882–1963), traveler, Moroccan freedom fighter
• Boni Yayi (* 1952), Beninese economist and politician
• Gnassingbé Eyadéma (1935–2005), Togolese traveler, boxer, Algerian fighter, President
• Sylvanus Olympio (1902–1963), Togolese colonial politician, chairman of the territorial assembly of Afrique occidentale française , president.
• Asfa-Wossen Asserate (* 1948), Ethiopian-German founder of the scientific society Orbis Aethiopicus
• Hendrik Witbooi (~ 1830–1905), religious leader
• Samuel Maharero (1856-1923)
• Léon-Gontran Damas (1912–1978), French-Caribbean writer, initiator of Négritude
• Léopold Sédar Senghor (1906–2001), President ( Senegal ), Académie française , winner of the Peace Prize of the German Book Trade , initiator of Négritude
• Olaudah Equiano (1745–1797)
• James L. Sims , George L. Seymour and Benjamin JK Anderson explored the interior of Liberia and Guinea from 1858 to 1874.

From Martinique

American tank in liberated Paris. Many African and Afro-American or Afro-Caribbean Resistance fighters like Frantz Fanon influenced post-colonial politics and Africa research

• Frantz Fanon (1925–1961), Resistance fighter, psychiatrist, politician, writer and pioneer of decolonization. He worked in Ghana and especially in Algeria .
• Aimé Césaire (1913–2008), Afro-Caribbean-French writer and politician

From Germany, Austria and Switzerland

Institutions

• Center for Interdisciplinary Africa Research (ZIAF), Frankfurt
• Institute for African Studies (IAS), University of Bayreuth
• Institute for Ethnology and African Studies , Mainz
• Center for African Studies ZASB, Basel
• Swiss Society for African Studies SAEL
• Arnold Bergstraesser Institute for Cultural Studies Research at the University of Freiburg im Breisgau
• Les pages des langes gur / The Gur languages ​​pages (GUR). Vienna.
• UCLA Hausa. Vienna ( Hausa language and culture)
• Association of Africanists in Germany (VAD)
• Research Foundation for Comparative European Overseas History / Society for Overseas History eV (GÜSG)
• Benedictine Congregation of St. Ottilien
• Basel Africa Bibliographies

Research journals / media

• Yearbook of European Overseas History
• Chadic Newsletter Announcements on Chad language research , edited by Michael Broß and Dymitr Ibriszimow . University of Bayreuth.
• History of African Studies in Austria - History of African Studies in Austria
• Afro press, press review ( Deutsche Welle ).

Researcher

German colonial romanticism: Title vignette of the "Journeys in Central Africa - from Mungo Park to Dr. Barth et al. Dr. Vogel " (1859)

• Franz Ewald Theodor Bachmann (1856 – after 1916), physician and natural scientist, toured the Cape Colony and Pondoland
• Erwin von Bary (1846–1877), Libyan Sahara, Adscher Mountains, Air Mountains
• Heinrich Barth (1821–1865), geographer, historian and linguist, traveled to the Sahara and Western Sudan , the most important scientific researcher in Africa
• Hugo Baum (1867–1950), first botanist and discoverer in southern-tropical inner Africa, Kunene-Zambezi expedition
• Hermann Baumann (1902–1972), German ethnologist and explorer
• Oskar Baumann (1864–1899), Austrian cartographer
• Karl Moritz von Beurmann (1835–1863)
• Richard Böhm (1854–1884), German zoologist and explorer
• Friedrich Bohndorff (1848–?), German ornithologist
• Richard Brenner (1833–1874), East Africa
• Max Buchner (1846–1921), German doctor, ethnographer, explorer and museum curator
• Richard Buchta (1845-1894)
• Theodor Bumiller (1864-1912)
• Jean Louis Burckhardt (1784–1817), Middle East, Arabia, Egypt
• Oskar Alexander Richard Büttner (1858–1927), German botanist
• Ernst von Carnap-Quernheimb (1863–1945), Cameroon, East Africa and Togo
• Adam David (1872–1959), Swiss zoologist, big game hunter and publicist
• Jean Jacques David (1871–1908), Swiss mountaineer, mining engineer, zoologist and publicist
• Karl Klaus von der Betten (1833–1865), East Africa and Kilimanjaro
• Clemens Denhardt (1852–1929), East Africa
• Gustav Denhardt (1856–1917), East Africa
• Otto Ehrenfried Ehlers (1855–1895), East Africa and New Guinea
• Julius Falkenstein (1842–1917), German doctor
• Gustav Adolf Fischer (1848–1886)
• Robert Flegel (1852–1886), Lake Chad region
• Curt von François (1852-1931)
• Leo Frobenius (1873–1938), travels in all parts of Africa during colonial times
• Gustav Adolf Graf von Götzen (1866–1910), East crossing of Africa, Lake Kiwu
• Paul Graetz (1875–1968), first traversal of Africa in an automobile 1907–1909
• Karl von Gravenreuth (1858-1891), German East Africa
• Hans Gruner (1865–1943), Togo
• Paul Güßfeldt (1840–1920), German geographer, explorer and alpinist
• Wilhelm Gueinzius (1813–1874), naturalist
• Gustav Adolf Haggenmacher (1845–1875)
• Wilhelm von Harnier (1836–1861)
• Georg Hartmann (1865–1946), German major in the Landwehr, geographer, explorer ( Hartmann's zebra ) and colonial politician
• Theodor von Heughlin (1824–1876), Africa and polar explorer and ornithologist
• Ludwig von Höhnel (1857–1942), travels in East Africa, namesake of Lake Rudolf (together with Sámuel Teleki)
• Emil Holub (1847–1902)
• Friedrich Konrad Hornemann (1772–1801), North Africa, the Sahara and today's North Nigeria
• Franz Karl Hutter (1865–1924), Cameroon
• Paul Erdmann Isert (1756–1789), botanist and opponent of slavery, West Africa
• Karl Ludwig Jühlke (1856–1886), colonial conqueror in East Africa (today's Tanzania)
• Richard Kandt (1867–1918), founded Kigali , discovered one of the sources of the Nile in the Rwandan Nyungwe Forest in 1898
• Otto Kersten (1839–1900), East Africa
• Peter Kolb (1675–1726), South Africa, described the Khoi Khoi culture
• Johann Ludwig Krapf (1810–1881), missionary and discoverer of the Mount Kenya massif
• Gottlob Krause (1850-1938)
• Richard Kund (1852–1904), Cameroon and Congo
• Carl Ludwig Ledermann (1875–1958), botanist, Cameroon highlands, as far as Chad
• Oskar Lenz (1848–1925), Austrian ethnographer and geologist
• Anton Lux (1847–1908), Austrian artillery officer
• Walter Markov (1909–1993), German historian and resistance fighter
• Ernst Marno (1844-1883)
• Karl Mauch (1837–1875), German prospector and cartographer
• Friedrich Wilhelm von Mechow (1831–1890), Prussian major
• Adolf Friedrich von Mecklenburg-Schwerin (1873–1969), Congo, Lake Chad
• Hans Meyer (1858–1929), first to climb Kilimanjaro
• Eduard Mohr (Africa explorer) (1828–1876), Zambezi
• Werner Munzinger (1832–1875), Swiss, Sudan and Central Africa
• Gustav Nachtigal (1834–1885), doctor, traveler to the Sahara and Sudan, language researcher and reluctant colonial pioneer
• Adolf Overweg (1822–1852), German astronomer and geologist
• Philipp Paulitschke (1854–1899), Somalia and Harar
• Eduard Pechuel-Loesche (1840–1913), Stanley's deputy in the Congo, Loango, South West Africa; in addition, the West Indies, North and South America, the northern and southern Arctic Ocean, the Bering Strait
• Karl Peters (1856–1918), East Africa, founder of German East Africa
• Joachim Graf Pfeil (1857–1924), South Africa and East Africa
• Paul Pogge (1838-1884), Angola
• Johannes Rebmann (1820–1876), missionary in East Africa, linguist
• Paul Reichard (1854–1938), East and Central Africa
• Konstantin Reitz (1817-1853), Sudan
• Gerhard Rohlfs (1831–1896), North Africa, first crossing of Africa from the Mediterranean to the slave coast
• Albrecht Roscher (1836–1860), discoverer of the Nyassa , murdered by slave traders
• Eduard Rüppell (1794–1884), German natural scientist
• Alfred Schachtzabel (1887–1981), Angola
• Brigitte Schiffer (1909–1986), ethnologist and composer. Dissertation: The Siwa Oasis and its music
• Heinrich Schiffers (1901–1982), German geographer
• Wilhelm Schimper (1804–1878), botanist; explored Libya and Ethiopia, where he worked as governor of the province of Enticcho near Adwa
• Rudolf Schlechter (1872–1925), botanist, South Africa, West Africa
• Carl Schlettwein (publisher) (1925–2005), bibliographer, South West Africa
• Eduard Schnitzer , also Emin Pascha (1840–1892), administrator of the province of Equatoria, murdered by slave traders
• Selmar Schönland (1860–1940), botanist and explorer of South African flora, director of the Albany Museum in Grahamstown
• Hans Schomburgk (1880–1967)
• Bernhard Schwarz (1844–1901)
• Georg Schweinfurth (1836–1925)
• August Wilhelm Schynse (1857–1891), German, Catholic missionary and cartographer
• Hermann Soyaux (* 1852, † after 1904), botanist in West Africa
• Paul Staudinger (1859–1933), travels in North and West Africa, member of the Colonial Council and board member of the German Colonial Society
• Anton connector (1855–1888)
• Hermann Steudner (1832–1863)
• Franz Stuhlmann (1863–1928), German East Africa
• Hans Tappenbeck (1861–1889), Cameroon and Congo
• Günther Tessmann (1884–1969), West Africa
• Eduard Vogel (1829–1856), astronomer, Sahara and Chad region
• Friedrich Welwitsch (1806–1872), botanist
• Thomas Widlok (* 1965), cultural anthropologist, University of Cologne
• Hermann von Wissmann (1853–1905), German officer and colonial official
• Georg August Zenker (1855–1922), head of the scientific station in Yaoundé, Cameroon
• Eugen Zintgraff (1858–1897), German colonial propagandist
• Hugo Zöller (1852–1933), German explorer and journalist

From France

Institutions

• Groupe de Recherche 1118 CNRS (Histoire de l'Afrique: Mémoires et Identités)
• Institut d'Etudes Africaines, Aix-en-Provence
• Center d'Etude d'Afrique Noire - CEAN. Bordeaux
• Littérature Africaine Francophone - LITAF, Bordeaux
• Llacan - Langage, Langues et Cultures d'Afrique Noire. Villejuif (France)

Journals / media

• MANDENKAN Bulletin d'études linguistiques Mande / Lexique Bisa-Français. Bettie Vanhoudt.
• Méga-Tchad. Réseau international de recherches pluridisciplinaires dans le bassin du lac Tchad. Université Nanterre
• AdmiNet Africa. Published by Christian Scherer et al., Paris
• Mission Archéologique et Ethnoarchéologique Suisse en Afrique de l'Ouest, Université de Genève
• Integrated Regional Information Network - IRIN, Réseau d'Information Régional Intégré ( UN )

Archives / portals

• Afrique Francophone - Lehman College , City University of New York , Department of Languages ​​& Literatures; CUNY graduate program in France.
• IMAGES DE LA FRANCE D'AUTREFOIS , colonial photographs (see there: “Pays du Monde”)
• Le Hall de la Chanson / Les Africains de la chanson francophone - portal on French-language music in Africa
• Afrique Index - An Internet Guide to Africa by Nathan Yetna , Paris .

Researcher

Michel Adanson.

• Michel Adanson (1727–1806), French botanist, ethnologist and naturalist
• Louis-Gustave Binger (1856–1936), French officer, proved that the "discovery" of the Kong Mountains was wrong
• Yves Bénot (1920–2005), French historian, slavery and colonialism researcher and journalist
• Antoine Brun-Rollet (1810-1858)
• Frédéric Cailliaud (1787–1869)
• René Caillié (1799-1838)
• Ernest Cambié
• Paul Belloni Du Chaillu (1835–1903), Equatorial Africa
• Henri Duveyrier (1840-1892)
• Stanislas Count of Escayrac de Lauture (1826–1868), French diplomat and writer
• Fernand Foureau (1850-1914)
• Joseph Halévy (1827–1917), French orientalist
• Eugène Mage (1837–1869), French naval officer
• Robert Randau (1873–1950), French colonial administrator, ethnologist and writer
• Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza (1852–1905), French naval officer
• Paul Soleillet (1842-1886)
• Anselm d'Ysalguier (before approx. 1380 – after 1420), French knight and adventurer
• Octave Mannoni (1899–1989), French ethnologist, philosopher and psychoanalyst
• Marcel Treich-Laplène (1860–1890), is considered the founder of the Ivory Coast colony

From the UK

Institutions

• African Studies Association of the UK (ASAUK), London
• School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) University of London

media

• African Journals Online (AJOL) - International Network for the Availability of Scientific Publications. Oxford

Researcher

• William Balfour Baikie (1824–1864)
• Thomas Baines (1820–1875), English artist and explorer
• Samuel White Baker (1821-1893)
• James Bruce (1730–1794), Egypt, Ethiopia
• Richard Francis Burton (1821–1890), officer, consul, translator, orientalist and member of the Royal Geographical Society
• Verney Lovett Cameron (1844-1894)
• James Chapman (1831–1872)
• Hugh Clapperton (1788-1827)
• Thomas James Comber (1852–1887), Cameroon and Congo
• Nathan Davis (1812-1882)
• Dixon Denham (1786–1828), Lake Chad area
• John Duncan (1805-1849), West Africa
• James Elton (1840–1877)
• James Augustus Grant (1827-1892), British officer
• George Grenfell (1849–1906), English missionary
• Henry Hamilton Johnston (1858-1927)
• Mary Kingsley (1862–1900), British explorer, ethnologist, travel writer and lecturer
• Alexander Gordon Laing (1793–1826), Western Sahara and Timbuktu
• Richard Lander (1804-1834)
• Bernard Lewis (1916–2018) Africanist, Islamic scholar, historian
• David Livingstone (1813–1873), Scottish missionary
• Mungo Park (1771–1806), West Africa, central Niger
• James Richardson (1809–1851), Sahara, companion of Heinrich Barth
• John Hanning Speke (1827–1864), first European to visit Lake Victoria in 1858
• Henry Morton Stanley (1841–1904), British-American journalist and author
• Wilfred Thesiger (1910–2003), British researcher and author of travelogues
• Joseph Thomson (1858–1895), East Africa
• Sir Hanns Vischer (1876–1945, née Swiss,) missionary, British colonial administrator
• Edward Young (1831-1896)

From the Netherlands and Belgium

Institutions

• Language and Popular Culture in Africa Johannes Fabian, Vincent de Rooij / Department of Sociology and Anthropology at the University of Amsterdam
• Archives of Popular Swahili . Achille Mutombo
• Africa Study Center, Leiden

Researcher

• Ernest François Cambier (1844–1909)
• Alphonso van Gèle (1848–1939)
• Eugène de Pruyssenaere (1826–1864)
• Alexandrine Tinné (1835–1869), Dutch adventurer and photographer

From Portugal

Duarte Pacheco Pereira , the explorer as a knight

Institutions

• Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical, Lisbon
• Sociedade de Geografia de Lisboa
• Centro de Estudos Internacionais / ISCTE-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (until 2014 Centro de Estudos Africanos)
• Centro de Estudos Africanos / Faculdade de Letras / Universidade do Porto
• Centro de Estudos sobre África / Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão / Universidade de Lisboa
• Centro de Estudos Africanos / Faculdade de Letras / Universidade de Lisboa

Explorer

• Pêro de Alenquer
• Francisco Álvares (1465–1540), lived in Ethiopia for 6 years , in his book “Truthful Report from the Kingdom of the Priest John of India” he gave the Christian West an insight into Christian Ethiopia for the first time. In 1520 he met Pêro da Covilhã
• Diogo Afonso discovered the western islands of Cabo Verde in 1461
• Afonso Gonçalves Baldaia (15th century) discovered Angra dos Ruivos with Gil Eanes in 1435 , they reached the Gold Coast (former name of Ghana), the Rio de Ouro and Pedra or Porto de Galé at about 22 ° 3 'north latitude in 1436
• Pedro Álvares Cabral (1468 or 1469–1520), Brazil “explorer”, first seafarer to visit four continents in one trip: America, Africa, Asia and Europe
• Hermenegildo Augusto de Brito Capello (1841–1917), Portuguese officer
• Diogo Cão explored the west coast of Africa to Walvis Bay from 1482 to 1489
• Pêro da Covilhã (1450–1530) was João II's secret agent, the first Portuguese in Calikut and Ethiopia, and is considered a pioneer for Vasco da Gama
• Bartolomeu Diaz (1450–1500), reached the Cape of Good Hope in 1487 and circled Africa
• Dinis Dias (before 1442 – after 1446) passed the most westerly point of continental Africa in 1444, Cabo Verde in what is now Senegal , and discovers the 'Terra dos Guineus', areas of what is now Guinea and Senegal
• João Dias (1926–1949), Mozambican writer
• Gil Eanes (first half of the 15th century) sailed around Cape Bojador, which was considered impassable in 1434
• Pêro Escobar reached and crossed the equator with João de Santarém in 1471 , they discovered Elmina and the islands of São Tomé Príncipe , in 1497 he accompanied Vasco da Gama to India due to his great experience
• António Fernandes , a nephew of João Gonçalves Zarco , passed south of Cabo Verde in 1445 and reached Cabo dos Mastros
• João Fernandes
• Estevão da Gama (1430–1497), father of Vasco da Gama
• Estêvão da Gama (1505–1576), the second son of Vasco da Gama
• Cristóvão da Gama (1516–1542), son of Vasco da Gama, fought against Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghasi on the side of the Emperor of Ethiopia
• Paulo da Gama (around 1465–1499), brother of Vasco da Gama
• Vasco da Gama (around 1469-1524) circumnavigated Africa between 1497 and 1499 and reached India
• Diogo Gomes (1440-1482), 1460, he discovered and Antonio da Noli some of the islands of the archipelago of Cape Verde
• Fernão Gomes
• Antão Gonçalves relative of João Gonçalves Zarco , 1440/1441 he traveled together with Nuno Tristão the Rio de Ouro and reached Cape Blanc
• Roberto Ivens (1850–1898), officer in the Portuguese Navy
• Duarte Pacheco Pereira (around 1469–1533), Portuguese navigator, general, mathematician, astronomer, natural scientist and geographer, Luís de Camões called him the Lusitan Archilles
• João de Santarém reached and crossed the equator with Pêro Escobar in 1471 , they discovered Elmina and the islands of São Tomé and Príncipe
• Alexandre Alberto da Rocha de Serpa Pinto (1846–1900)
• Afonso de Paiva
• Fernão do Pó (15th century), Portuguese navigator
• Nuno Tristão (? –1446) traveled the African west coast on behalf of Henry the Navigator , in 1441 he and Antão Gonçalves reached Cape Blanc, in 1444 he sailed the Senegal River
• Diogo de Azambuja (1432–1518) the first Portuguese governor (capitão-mór) of Elmina

From Italy

Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza

• Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza (1852–1905)
• Giovanni Beltrame (1824–1906), White Nile and the Dinka language
• Giovanni Battista Belzoni (1778–1823), Egypt and the Valley of the Kings, Siwa Oasis
• Alvise Cadamosto (1432–1488), long-distance Venetian trader
• Romolo Gessi (1831–1881), British officer, African explorer and governor of Egyptian Sudan of Italian origin
• Pellegrino Matteucci (1850–1881)
• Carlo Piaggia (1830–1882), Italian botanist

From Sweden

• Charles John Andersson (1827–1867), Swedish adventurer, explorer, trader and writer

From Slovenia

• Ignaz Knoblecher (1819–1858) Slovenian Catholic clergyman, missionary and explorer

From Marokko

• Ibn Battuta (1304-1368 or 1377) Sahara, Mali, Timbuktu
• Leo Africanus (~ 1490 - ~ 1550), traveler and geographer of Berber descent

From Greece

• Panagiotes Potagos (1838–1903), explorer

From Rumania

• Florence Baker b. Barbara Szász (1841–1916), Albertsee and upper reaches of the White Nile together with her husband Samuel White Baker
• Sámuel Teleki (1845–1916), travels in East Africa, namesake of Lake Rudolf (together with Ludwig von Höhnel)

From Norway

Portals / media

• Index on Africa - The Norwegian Council for Africa. Oslo , Norway

From Poland

• Stefan Szolc-Rogoziński (1861–1896), Cameroon

From the United States

In addition to Europe, society in the United States was mainly influenced by Africa. The African researchers also focus on research areas such as biography research , which are still very marginal in European and especially in German research. The historical background here is above all slavery , which for researchers raised questions about Africa's specific cultural and social origins and perspectives, and which still raises today. Impetus for research and researchers themselves therefore come more specifically than in some European countries from the civil rights movement . African American studies form a special branch of Africa research .

Institutions

• African Studies Association ASA, State University of New Jersey
• Department of African and Asian Languages ​​and Literatures (AALL), University of Florida
• Center for African Studies, University of Florida
• Center for African Studies. University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
• Afroasiatic Index Project . Chicago, The Oriental Institute,
• Comparative Bantu Dictionary. University of California , Berkeley
• African Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania
• The New York African Studies Association (NYASA), New York
• African Studies Association - American Council of Learned Societies ACLS, Rutgers University
• International Directory of African Studies Scholars - IDASS, African Studies Librarian Columbia University
• Department of African American Studies, Western Illinois University
• Francophone Africa Research Group / Groupe de Recherches sur l'Afrique Francophone (GRAF), Boston University
• The WEB Du Bois Virtual University. Jennifer Wager , Ohio State University , Columbus .
• Equiano Foundation. ( Olaudah Equiano )

Olaudah Equiano civil rights activist and explorer.

media

• Africa South of the Sahara Internet Resources. Ed. Karen Fung , Hoover Institution , Stanford University
• JALA - the Journal of the African Literature Association. Literature Journal, Western Illinois University (WIU), Macomb, Illinois, USA
• SORAC - Society of Research on African Cultures, Montclair State University . Montclair, New Jersey
• Habari Newsletter - University of Illinois
• Institute of African American Studies, University of Georgia

Archives / portals

• African Studies Internet Resources Columbia University
• An A – Z of African Studies on the Internet “A Directory of Africa & African Studies” '. By Peter Limb (African Studies, MSU) and Ibra Sene (History, MSU)
• Africa Web Links. Annotated list from Ali Dinar , University of Pennsylvania
• Africana Collection. Supervised by Dan Reboussin , University of Florida , Gainesville
• African Studies Resources page , Princeton University
• Africatime.Com - New York, USA and Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
• H-Africa / H-Net, Humanities and Social Sciences Online , Michigan State University Michigan
• Kabissa - Space on the Internet for the African Non-Profit Sector, Seattle , Washington.
• Sonja Haynes Stone Center for Black Culture and History. Raquel Cogell , University of North Carolina

African American Biography Research

Abused slave, southern states

Archives / portals

• Biography Project African American Women Authors, Columbia University
• Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, New York
• American Slave Narratives: An Online Anthology . Bruce Fort, Corcoran Department of History & the American Hypertext Workshop , University of Virginia , Charlottesville .

Authors

• Octavia V. Rogers Albert (1853–1889?), Oglethorpe , Georgia ( Atlanta University )
• Virginia W. Broughton
• Hallie Q. Brown :
• Josephine Brown :
• Annie L. Burton :
• Lucy A. Delany :
• Julia AJ Foote :
• Harriet A. Jacobs :
• Jarena Lee :
• Hiram Mattison :
• Ann Plato :
• Mary Prince (1788–1833 or after):
• Frank (Frances) A. Rollin :
• Amanda Smith :
• Maria W. Stewart (1803–1879):
• Susie King Taylor :
• Sojourner Truth (around 1797–1883):
• Bethany Veney :

Other researchers

• Charles Chaillé-Long (1842–1917), American officer in the Egyptian service and explorer
• William Edward Burghardt Du Bois (1868–1963), American sociologist, philosopher and journalist
• Booker T. Washington (1856–1915), American educator, social reformer, and civil rights activist. Honorary member of the Phi Beta Kappa
• Frederick Douglass (1817 or 1818–1895), former slave and later abolitionist and writer
• William Lloyd Garrison (1805–1879), American writer
• Lysander Spooner (1808–1887), legal philosopher, author of The Unconstitutionality of Slavery (1845) and other basic works on the situation of African American people
• Kay Branagan (NYASA)
• Roger Gocking (NYASA)
• Eudora Chikwendu (NYASA)
• Benjamin Banneker (1731–1806), mathematician, astronomer and abolitionist

From Canada

• Nicholas David , University of Calgary archaeologist

From Australia

Institutions

• African Studies Association of Australasia and the Pacific (AFSAAP)
• African Studies Resources by Students, Adelaide

Researcher

• Geoffrey Hawker - AFSAAP President

Other international scientific associations and research groups

• Groupe de Recherche 1118 CNRS (Histoire de l'Afrique: Mémoires et Identités)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ IRIN humanitarian news and analysis UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs [1]
2. ↑ Channel Africa - The Voice of the African Renaissance (radio) Archived copy ( Memento of the original from May 9, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
3. ↑ AllAfrica Global Media [2]
4. ↑ MondeBerbère.com http://www.mondeberbere.com/ ( Memento of March 12, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
5. ↑ AlgeriaInfo.com [3]
6. ↑ Africultures - Le site et la revue de référence des cultures africaines Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated August 11, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
7. ↑ WoYaa! Africa on the Internet Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated August 8, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
8. ↑ Institut de Recherche sur le Maghreb Contemporain [4]
9. ↑ Sudanese Online Research Association Archived copy ( memento of the original from July 5, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
10. ^ Liberian Collections Project [5]
11. ↑ Weaver Press Zimbabwe Archived copy ( Memento of the original from July 19, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
12. ↑ self-presentation [6]
13. ↑ AfrikInfo.com [7]
14. ↑ Littératures du Maghreb - LIMAG [8]
15. ↑ Marweb - Annuaire et Moteur de recherche du Maghreb Arabe [9]
16. ↑ James Fairhead, Tim Geysbeek, Svend E. Holsoe, Melissa Leach: African-American exploration in West Africa: four nineteenth-century diaries . Indiana University Press, Bloomington (IN) 2003, ISBN 0-253-21450-5 , pp. 493 .
17. ↑ Buata Malela : Aime Cesaire: Clés d'entrée dans l'univers du nègre fondamental Archived copy ( Memento of the original of May 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
18. ↑ Self-presentation ZIAF [10]
19. ↑ Self-presentation IAS [11]
20. ↑ Self-presentation of the archived copy ( memento of the original from June 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
21. ↑ ZASB Online Archived Copy ( Memento of the original from June 22, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
22. ↑ SAGW self-presentation Archived copy ( memento of the original from September 28, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
23. ↑ GUR Archived copy ( Memento of the original from June 14, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
24. ^ UCLA Hausa. Vienna [12]
25. ↑ Association of Africanists in Germany (VAD) Archived copy ( Memento of the original from June 9, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
26. ^ Society for Overseas History eV (GÜSG) [13]
27. ^ Congregatio Ottiliensis OSB
28. ↑ h-soz-cult [14]
29. ↑ See Chadic Newsletter, New Series No. 1 (23), January 2001 [15]
30. ↑ Erich Sommerauer, University of Vienna [16]
31. ↑ Afro-Presse Archived copy ( memento of the original from July 1, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
32. ↑ CNRS (Histoire de l'Afrique: Mémoires et Identités) [17]
33. ↑ See Ministère de la Recherche / Action Concertée Incitative. Archives BREUIL Entre préhistoire européenne et africanisme, un univers intellectuel et institutionnel au XXe siècle [18]
34. ^ Center d'Etude d'Afrique Noire - CEAN. [19]
35. ↑ Littérature Africaine Francophone - LITAF Archived copy ( Memento of the original of July 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
36. ↑ Llacan - Langage, Langues et Cultures d'Afrique Noire [20]
37. ↑ Bulletin d'études linguistiques Archived copy ( Memento of the original of December 4, 2004 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
38. ↑ MÉGA-TCHAD [21]
39. ↑ AdmiNet Africa Archived copy ( memento of the original dated June 14, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
40. ↑ Mission Archéologique et Ethnoarchéologique Suisse en Afrique de l'Ouest, Université de Genève [22]
41. ↑ See IRIN humanitarian news and analysis UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs [23]
42. ↑ Afrique Francophone [24]
43. ↑ Images de la France d'autrefois Archived copy ( Memento of the original of June 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
44. ↑ Les Africains de la chanson francophone Archived copy ( Memento of the original from July 9, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
45. ↑ Afrique Index Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated June 30, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
46. ^ African Studies Association of the UK (ASAUK) [25]
47. ^ School of Oriental and African Studies SOAS [26]
48. ↑ African Journals Online (AJOL) - International Network for the Availability of Scientific Publications [27]
49. ↑ Language and Popular Culture in Africa [28]
50. ↑ See issue no. 8 Ukumbusho by Dr. Achille Mutombo [29]
51. ↑ Africa Study Center, Leiden [30]
52. ↑ Index on Africa - The Norwegian Council for Africa Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated April 3, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
53. ^ African Studies Association [31]
54. ^ African Languages, University of Florida Online [32]
55. ^ Center for African Studies, University of Florida [33]
56. ^ Center for African Studies. University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign [34]
57. ^ Afroasiatic Index Project [35]
58. ↑ Comparative Bantu Dictionary, Berkeley Archived copy ( Memento of the original from May 23, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
59. ^ African Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania [36]
60. ↑ The New York African Sudies Association (NYASA) Archived copy ( Memento of the original from June 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
61. ^ African Studies Association - American Council of Learned Societies ACLS, Rutgers University [37]
62. ↑ International Directory of African Studies Scholars - IDASS, African Studies Librarian [38]
63. ↑ Department of African American Studies, Western Illinois University Archived copy ( memento of the original from July 16, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
64. ^ Francophone Africa Research Group / Groupe de Recherches sur l'Afrique Francophone (GRAF) [39]
65. ↑ The WEB Du Bois Virtual University: [40]  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
66. ^ Equiano Foundation Online: [41]
67. ↑ Africa South of the Sahara Internet Resources [42]
68. ↑ JALA - the Journal of the African Literature Association. On: AFRICAN LITERATURE ASSOCIATION [43]
69. ↑ SORAC - Society of Research on African Cultures Archived copy ( Memento of the original from July 1, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
70. ↑ Habari Newsletter Archived copy ( memento of the original dated August 30, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
71. ^ African Studies Internet Resources Columbia University [44]
72. ^ To AZ of African Studies on the Internet "A Directory of Africa & African Studies" '. By Peter Limb ( African Studies , MSU) and Ibra Sene (History, MSU) An AZ of African Studies on the Internet "A Directory of Africa & African Studies" ( Memento from October 26, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
73. ↑ Africa Web Links. Annotated list from Ali Dinar , University of Pennsylvania [45]
74. ^ Africana Collection. Supervised by Dan Reboussin , University of Florida , Gainesville [46]
75. ↑ African Studies Resources page, Princeton University Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated June 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
76. ↑ Africatime.Com - New York, USA and Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire Archived copy ( Memento of the original from July 1, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
77. ↑ H-Africa archived copy ( memento of the original from June 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
78. ↑ Kabissa - Space on the Internet for the African Non-Profit Sector Archived copy ( Memento of the original from July 8, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
79. ↑ Sonja Haynes Stone Center for Black Culture and History Archived copy ( Memento of the original from June 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
80. ^ Biography Project African American Women Authors, Columbia University [47]
81. ↑ Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture: Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated February 7, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
82. ↑ American Slave Narratives: An Online Anthology: [48]
83. ↑ See her work: The house of bondage, or, Charlotte Brooks and other slaves. [49]
84. ↑ See her work: Twenty year's [!] Experience of a missionary [50]
85. ^ Columbia University [51] Homespun heroines
86. ^ Columbia University [52] Biography of an American Bondman
87. ^ Columbia University [53] Memories of Childhood's Slavery Days
88. ↑ Columbia University [54] From the darkness comes the light
89. ^ Columbia University [55] A Brand Plucked From the Fire
90. ^ Columbia University [56] Incidents in the life of a slave girl
91. ^ Columbia University [57] Religious Experience
92. ^ Columbia University [58] Louisa Picquet, the Octoroon
93. ^ Columbia University [59] essays
94. ^ Columbia University [60] The History of Mary Prince, a West Indian slave Nancy Prince. A narrative of the life and travels of Mrs. Nancy Prince
95. ^ Columbia University [61] Life and Public Services of Martin R. Delany
96. ^ Columbia University [62] An autobiography
97. ^ Columbia University [63] Productions
98. ^ Columbia University [64] Reminiscences of my life in camp
99. ^ Columbia University [65] Narrative of Sojourner Truth
100. ^ Columbia University [66] The Narrative of Bethany Veney , slave woman
101. ↑ Nicholas David [67]
102. ↑ African Studies Association of Australasia and the Pacific (AFSAAP) Archived copy ( Memento of the original from July 5, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
103. ↑ African Studies Resources by Students, Adelaide Archived copy ( Memento of the original from June 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
104. ↑ CNRS (Histoire de l'Afrique: Mémoires et Identités) [68]

literature

• Albert Adu Boahen : Britain, the Sahara and the Western Sudan 1788–1861. Oxford 1964 (important work on the first epoch of scientific Africa research, by one of the leading black African historians of the 20th century)
• Cornelia Essner: German travelers to Africa in the nineteenth century. On the social history of travel. Stuttgart 1985. (tries, among other things, to analyze the motives of Africa researchers)
• Peter Kremer: The black part of the world. Africa in the Mirror of Old Books 1484–1884. Cologne 1984 (so far the only bibliography on the history of German Africa research in the pre-colonial era)
• Frank McLynn: Hearts of Darkness: The European Exploration of Africa. London 1992 (slightly misleading title, as it is largely the history of British Africa research)
• Paul Kainbacher : The exploration of Africa. The Africa literature on geography and travel before 1945 . Baden 1998–1999; 3rd expanded and corrected edition 2002; 4th revised and expanded edition 2016, ISBN 978-3-9501302-9-4 .

Web links

Wiktionary: Afrikaforscher  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations