Ludwig von Höhnel

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Lieutenant Ludwig von Höhnel, photographed by William Astor Chanler (1892)

Ludwig Ritter von Höhnel , from 1919 Ludwig Höhnel, (born August 6, 1857 in Preßburg , Austrian Empire , † March 23, 1942 in Vienna ) was an Austrian naval officer , Africa explorer and geographer .

Life

Route map for the expedition with Teleki (1888)
Route map for the expedition with Chanler (1893)

From 1886 to 1889, von Höhnel took part in Sámuel Teleki's first expedition to Africa as geographic director . In the course of this research trip in 1888 the Rudolfsee and the Stefanie lakes were discovered.

Von Höhnel's scientific reputation as a traveler to Africa moved the American William A. Chanler (1867–1934) in 1892 to invite him on an expedition to the Kenya region . This journey ventured into a previously completely unexplored area, von Höhnel was seriously injured by a rhinoceros , so that the return march had to be started earlier than planned. Despite the early termination, the expedition provided valuable topographical information. The northeast of the Mount Kenya massif and the course of the Uaso Nyiro were recorded for the first time. For the first time whites met the tribe of the Rendille , about whom Höhnel had already learned on his trip with Teleki.

In 1899, von Höhnel was appointed adjutant wing of Emperor Franz Joseph I. He received several commands over Austrian ships and headed a trade delegation to Abyssinia , during which he was able to conclude a contract with Emperor Menelik II . From 1905 to 1909 von Höhnel was the leader of a large missionary trip with SMS Panther to Australia and Polynesia , during which he introduced Austrian chamois to New Zealand . Von Höhnel then retired and devoted himself to his scientific records until his death in 1942.

His honorary grave is located in the Vienna Central Cemetery (15E-3-32). In 1958 Ludwig-von-Höhnel-Gasse in Vienna- Favoriten was named after him.

His brother was the mycologist Franz Xaver Rudolf von Höhnel .

Fonts (selection)

  • To Rudolph-See and Stephanie-See. The expedition of Count Samuel Teleki in East Equatorial Africa 1887-1888 . Hölder, Vienna 1892. - Full text online .
  • My life at sea, on research trips and at court. Memories of an Austrian naval officer. (1857-1909) . Hobbing, Berlin 1926.
  • -, Ronald E. Coons (ed.), Pascal James Imperato (ed.): Over Land and Sea. Memoirs of an Austrian Rear Admiral's Life in Europe and Africa, 1857-1909 . (English). Holmes & Meier, New York, NY (et al.) 2000, ISBN 0-8419-1390-0 .

Awards and prizes (selection)

literature

  • William Astor Chanler: Through jungle and desert. Travels in Eastern Africa . (English). Macmillan, London 1896. - Full text online .
  • Höhnel Ludwig von. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 2, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1959, p. 358.
  • Günther Hamann:  Höhnel, Ludwig Ritter von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 9, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1972, ISBN 3-428-00190-7 , p. 320 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Ildikó Simányi: L. Ritter von Höhnel (1857–1942). Life and work . 2 volumes. Vienna 1988. (University of Vienna, diploma thesis).
  • Balàzs Borsos: Whose merit is it anyway? The Evaluation of Count Teleki and Ritter von Höhnel's roles in the Teleki expedition to East Africa in 1887-1888 . In: Archives for Ethnology . 54, 2004, ZDB -ID 2048781-2 , pp. 27-47.
  • Franz Kotrba: William Astor Chanler (1867-1934) and Ludwig von Höhnel (1857-1942) and Africa . Thesis. University of Vienna, Vienna 2008. - Full text online .

Web links

Commons : Ludwig von Höhnel  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Ludwig von Höhnel  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hedwig Abraham: Höhnel Ludwig, Ritter von . In: viennatouristguide.at , accessed on February 27, 2012.
personal data
SURNAME Höhnel, Ludwig von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Höhnel, Ludwig Ritter von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian naval officer, Africa explorer and geographer
DATE OF BIRTH August 6, 1857
PLACE OF BIRTH Pressburg
DATE OF DEATH March 23, 1942
Place of death Vienna