Carneios
Karneios ( Greek Κάρνειος , ram ) was a god of the Dorians or the inhabitants of the Peloponnese . According to a poem by Praxilla , he was considered the son of Zeus and Europa and was raised by Apollon and Leto . Later he merged with Apollon to Apollon Carneios .
Spread of the cult
Apollo Carneios was venerated in Greece in Sparta , Sikyon , Thera and Kos , but also in the colonies of Magna Graecia and Cyrene . In Sparta the carnival was carried out in the month of Carneios (August) each year. Pausanias reports of sanctuaries in Sikyon, Sparta, Gythion , Las , Kardamyli and Pharai . Tönnies also suspected him as the deity worshiped before Zeus Ammon in Siwa, North Africa . In Andania in Messinia lay Karnasische grove and at Arcadian Megalopolis there was Karnasien (singular: Karnasion or Karnasium ). This is a grove sacred to Apollo Carneius.
origin
Eitrem sees the god as "pre-Doric".
There are various myths about the origin of the cult:
In Sicyon there was a report of a seer named Karnos from Akarnania . This was killed by Hippotes , the son of Phylas , in the Doric invasion. The Dorian army was therefore struck by calamity. Hippotes was banished and Carneius was sacrificed to the god Apollo.
In Sparta, Carneios, also called Oiketas, was worshiped before the arrival of the Dorians. So Pausanias reports from Krios, an Achaean seer of Carneios from Sparta.
Another variant says that the Greeks felled cornel cherry trees (κράνεια) to build the Trojan Horse in the Ida Mountains . When they learned that this tree was sacred to Apollo, they sacrificed to the god who was nicknamed Carneius.
swell
- Pausanias, Travels in Greece , 2,10,2; 2.11.2; 3,12,3-6; 3.14.6; 3.21.8; 3.24.8; 3.25.10; 3,26,5-7; 4.2.2; 4.31.1; 4.33.4
literature
- Samson Eitrem : The pre-Doric ram god . Volume 1 of Contributions to the History of Greek Religions . Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiania 1910, 4. Christiana, J. Dybwad.
- Sam Wide : Carneios . In: Wilhelm Heinrich Roscher (Hrsg.): Detailed lexicon of Greek and Roman mythology . Volume 2.1, Leipzig 1894, Col. 961-964 ( digitized version ).
- Otto Höfer : Karneios 1) and 2) . In: Wilhelm Heinrich Roscher (Hrsg.): Detailed lexicon of Greek and Roman mythology . Volume 2.1, Leipzig 1894, Col. 964-967 ( digitized version ).